can i do my phd abroad

• How to Apply for A PhD Abroad – International Study
• Applying to a PhD

So you’ve decided to enrol onto a doctoral degree and study abroad at the same time. This is a great opportunity to develop yourself both personally and academically. However, do you actually go about securing a PhD as an international student? To help answer this for you, we’ve created this guide to explain how to apply for a PhD in foreign universities.

Why Do Your PhD Abroad?​​​​​​​

There are many benefits to studying abroad.

Some PhD students do so as a way to develop a new language, discover more about a different culture, and to meet new people.

Besides personal reasons, undertaking a doctorate degree abroad can also for academic purposes. For example, in some countries, a particular research field may not be very popular and so there may not be many doctorate options available. In these cases, undertaking a PhD abroad will open up many more opportunities. It could also offer greater funding, lower tuition fees, better laboratory equipment and more experienced supervisors. Not only would these factors result in a more enjoyable PhD, but they could also contribute to greater career prospects. For example, you will likely have more opportunities to write publications, attend conferences and collaborate with other researchers. All of these will help you establish yourself as a respectable researcher within your field.

Is It Difficult to Apply to PhDs Abroad?​​​​​​​

It’s not as difficult as you would imagine when it comes to applying to a PhD in a foreign country. Regardless of whether you’re applying to a university within the EU, such as the UK, Finland or Spain, or to universities within the US or Asia, the processes are relatively similar.

The differences in the application process can be categorised into three areas.

• the documents you need to provide,
• the prerequisite tests you need to sit,
• how much you need to communicate with the potential supervisors before applying.

We’ve provided a basic outline of the application processes below. Although this will provide you with a good starting point, we highly recommend you look at the university websites for specific instructions and guidance before applying.

Will I Need a Student Visa?​​​​​​​

This will depend on what country you are applying to. For example:

• In the UK, applicants from outside the EU will need a Visa Tier 4 (Student). This will allow them to undertake a full-time PhD. However, due to UK visa restrictions, international students are unlikely to be able to enrol onto a part-time degree.
• In Germany, most students will not require a student visa but will require a residence permit.
• In the US, applicants will need to hold an F-1 Student Visa.
• In Asia, the requirements differ depending on the specific country. For example, in China, you will require an X1 Student Visa whereas in Singapore you will require a Student Pass.

Because of the significant differences between countries, we highly recommend it is highly that you check the requirements on an individual case-by-case basis. This is best done by checking the government website of the country you wish to apply to.

General Process for Applying to PhDs Abroad​​​​​​​

When applying to a PhD position, most universities regardless of where they’re located will require:

• Online Application – An electronic form to provide your details and attach all supporting documents. You will also need to make any application fees during this process if required.
• Academic Transcripts – Most universities need a scanned copy of your transcripts when applying. You will only have to submit official hard copies once they have accepted your admission.
• CV – This should include details of your previous education, undergraduate degree and any experiences revenant to the field you’re applying to.
• Statement of Purpose/Personal Statement – A letter which outlines why you’re applying to the PhD and why you believe you’re suitable for the project.
• Letters of Recommendation – this should preferably be provided by your undergraduate degree course tutor or a professor who knows you well.

Language Tests

If your PhD is to be undertaken in English and English isn’t your first language, most universities will require you to sit an English language proficiency test. The most common tests, in order of popularity, are:

• IELTS (International English Language Testing Systems)
• TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
• PTE (Pearson Test of English)

The minimum test scores will change from university to university. They will also vary depending on the research field. For example, research projects related to English Literature or Law will require relatively high scores whilst projects in Science and Engineering will require slightly lower scores. To provide an example, the University of Leicester in the UK requires a minimum overall IELTS score of 7 for Law PhDs but has a lower overall score requirement of 6 for Engineering PhDs.

Finding a PhD has never been this easy – search for a PhD by keyword, location or academic area of interest.

How to Apply for PhDs in EU Countries​​​​​​​

For UK universities, there are generally two ways of applying. You can either apply directly through the university’s website or you can make an application through the UCAS Postgraduate system .

In Spain, Italy and Germany, before applying to a PhD you will first need to pass a pre-application process. This involves checking that your qualifications meet their eligibility requirements. Before undergoing this pre-screening process, it would be beneficial to first speak to your government. They may offer advice on how your countries qualification system corresponds to the qualification system in the country hosting the PhD.

Once you’ve made your application, the university will review it and get in contact with you. For most EU institutions, they will invite you for a Skype or telephone interview with them if they believe you may be a suitable candidate.

If you require a student visa to study in an EU country, it’s recommended that you submit your application at least 3-4 months before the proposed PhD start date.

How to Apply for PhDs in USA

In addition to the English language exams mentioned previously, international applicants will also need to sit additional exams to be eligible for PhDs in the USA. These are the GRE General Exam and GRE Subject Exam(s). The GRE Subject Exam(s) you will need to undertake will be specific to your field and will be specified by the university as part of their edibility requirements.

Securing a PhD position in the United States is considered relatively difficult compared to other countries. As a result, it is commonly recommended that you apply to at least 9 different universities to increase your chances of securing a position.

How to Apply for PhDs in Asia

As Asia covers a wide range of countries such as China, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, UAE and India, their application processes naturally differ from one another. Therefore, check the specific application process for each university you’re interested to get the most accurate information.

To summarise:

• China – uses two centralised application services, CUAC and CUCAS. Both these services help international students find and apply to a PhD project in China. Students can also apply directly to a University if they wish to.
• Singapore – rather than applying to a specific research project, you will have to apply to a faculty or department within a University. Only once you have been accepted into the university department will their research projects become available to you. Like US universities, most universities in Singapore will have required you to have sat a GRE Exams prior to applying to them.
• UAE – you must apply directly to your chosen university. To be eligible for a PhD in UAE, you must hold a Master’s degree and it must be from a university recognised by their government. You will also be required to undertake GRE Exams before making your application.

How to Apply for PhDs in Australia

To apply to a PhD in Australia, you will first be expected to find and email a potential supervisor. If you’re an international student and you make an application directly to the university without doing this first, it’s highly likely that you won’t be considered for the position.

Upon discussing the project with the supervisor, they will instruct you to put in a formal application. This formal application will require the information previously outlined above.

Similar to EU institutions, if an Australian university believes you’re a strong candidate, they will likely invite you to a Skype or telephone interview.

Unlike EU universities, PhDs in Australian universities can start at any time of the year. Therefore, unless a specific funding requirement is attached to the project, there are usually no deadlines associated with applying to their PhDs. However, try to apply 3 to 4 months before you intend to start your studies.

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How to prepare to study a PhD

Studying for a PhD represents is the highest level of academic study. Requiring hard work and dedication it's a big decision to study at a doctoral level. We explore how to prepare and what you can expect.

Studying for a PhD represents the highest level of academic study that you can pursue. It is a unique opportunity to research independently and make an original contribution to the subject and field you are involved in. A PhD is quite different from other postgraduate degrees, requiring additional skills, knowledge and insight. We’re here to help you with some tips on preparing for a PhD, what you’ll need, what you can study, and how a PhD can help or shape your career. 

What is a PhD?

A PhD is a research-driven degree and the highest academic qualification you can obtain. PhD candidates need to undertake in-depth research and positively contribute to the body of knowledge in a subject specialisation. A PhD is different from almost all other degrees as there are generally no taught components. A PhD usually takes between three and four years to complete full-time, while part-time up to seven years. 

As a PhD student, you will submit a final thesis and dissertation, which is assessed by a panel of examiners who decide whether the work warrants the award of a doctoral degree. A PhD may also have no mark attached to it and is awarded as either a pass or fail. If you pass your PhD, you get a Doctor of Philosophy qualification and the title of Doctor, although this is usually only used in academic settings. 

Why study for a PhD?

A PhD is a significant investment of time and money. You must be interested in the subject or area of specialisation you intend to research. You should also have an affinity for academic research and inquiry. Additionally, you’ll be motivated to contribute to a field and develop your expertise. Some of the reasons why students decide to study for a PhD are:

• To gain invaluable skills 
• To improve career prospects
• To develop knowledge and understanding
• To uncover unique insights and perspectives 
• To translate research into practical implementation 
• For personal development 

Every student may have different motivations for pursuing a PhD, so it’s always advised that you speak with a prospective supervisor or the academic office at a university to assess your suitability. This can be assessing your specialist area or whether a PhD aligns with your personal and professional goals. 

What does studying for a PhD involve?

For a PhD, you will initially have to submit a proposal or outline of your proposed research. This will list the hypothesis, theories, methodology and scope for your research. If accepted onto a PhD programme, you can use this as the blueprint for your dissertation and thesis. Depending on your subject area, you may need to conduct in-person interviews, focus groups, laboratory work and fieldwork as part of your studies. 

Studying for a PhD will involve a lot of reading, testing, writing and research. Don’t worry, you won’t have to do it all alone. On a PhD programme, you can usually interact with other doctoral students at seminars and workshops. In addition, you will have an appointed supervisor , who is usually an expert in the field, helping you refine ideas and supporting you. 

One of the most important skills you must master as a PhD student is time management. You will be balancing many competing priorities, so having a clear schedule and plan can help significantly. You will find yourself multitasking and trying to meet deadlines regularly. 

Read more about the international student experience abroad. 

What challenges do PhD students face? 

Preparation for a PhD is essential. You must honestly assess some of the challenges and obstacles you could face to navigate these successfully. You’ll be working hard and maintaining high academic standards , which can be stressful. Additionally, a PhD can mean working and researching independently, which can be isolating and lonely. Don’t be afraid to request academic support or speak with your supervisor about this. 

Due to the length of a PhD, you will also find that your motivation levels may change. This is completely normal, and you shouldn’t worry too much about it unless it affects your day-to-day life and ability to meet deadlines. Perseverance is key, and if you need to speak with a counsellor or someone you trust to get support , always do so. 

Another challenge some PhD students will face relates to funding . Tuition fees and additional costs will add up over time, so finding a form of funding, such as a loan or scholarship can be very useful. If you are paying for the degree yourself, this may involve you working a full-time job or doing part-time work. Always check that you can work in the destination you want to study in and make a comprehensive budget, including all living costs and expenses . 

Discover more about looking after your mental health as a student. 

Tips for preparing for a PhD

Preparing for PhD study involves several key steps. You will need to decide on your research topic and area of specialisation. You must also check if your prospective university has a supervisor who is suitably qualified in the area. In addition, some other valuable steps you can take to get ready for doctoral studies include:

• Reading articles, books, and journals related to your topic of interest
• Finding out what the entry requirements are
• Researching the application procedure
• Asking your current lecturers for their advice on studying for a PhD
• Look into how to write a research proposal
• Undertake any English language tests if necessary
• Decide on your references (people who know you in an academic context)

Discover more about how universities verify overseas qualifications .  

Will a PhD help my career?

The answer to this question depends on the specialisation you are studying. First and foremost, a PhD is an academic rather than a professional degree , so the direct connection with career progression may not be readily apparent. However, in STEM fields such as medicine, engineering, healthcare, and even technology, a PhD can positively impact your career trajectory. 

A PhD will also equip you with several transferable skills . These include key competencies such as:

• Information synthesis 
• Writing 
• Research 
• Presenting 
• Interviewing 
• Communication 

Some PhD graduates go on to teach and work at universities, becoming lecturers and potentially professors. If you wish to work in higher education in this capacity, a PhD is usually a pre-requisite. 

Hopefully, you now feel more prepared to take on a PhD. If you're looking to do some more research, you may like our guides to postgraduate study , preparing for postgraduate study , and the top postgraduate degrees for international students.

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How to Apply for a PhD Abroad

Updated on 23 february, 2024.

upGrad Abroad Team

Upgrad abroad editorial team.

Career planning is one of the most crucial activities students engage in after completing their education, especially after earning a master’s. On many occasions, there is still a lot one can learn about the chosen field by doing a PhD. It is the best option for those who want to explore novel areas of study and education in-depth. But how to apply for a PhD in foreign university is the one topic that is constantly on a student’s mind.

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Table of Contents

Why is phd important and how to apply for a phd abroad, which 5 phd streams are most popular, united states of america, united kingdom, how to apply in foreign universities for a phd, how to apply for a phd abroad with a scholarship.

A wide range of career options, both in India and abroad, can be unlocked by finishing your PhD. Choosing an international university to do your PhD has several advantages. Some of the well-known benefits of obtaining a PhD overseas are listed below:

• Students can look out for fresh possibilities and novel experiences.
• They can also apply for scholarships, which will reduce their tuition costs.
• Students have the choice of learning about the culture of the new nation.
• Additionally, it facilitates networking.
• It helps students learn from the top professors in the world.
• It offers a selection of various research packages for the user to choose from.
• A PhD from a university with international renown improves job prospects.

A guide on how to apply for a PhD in foreign universities is provided below.

There are no restrictions on the disciplines in which a student can pursue a PhD. Some streams pay better and are in higher demand than others. Here are the top 5 PhD streams to take into account as you decide to apply for a PhD abroad:

• Political Science  
• Physical Therapy  

Top 5 Countries to Apply for PhD

The USA is the best country to apply to for a PhD because of the high quality of education there. In addition, the USA provides a wide range of subject options, exposing overseas students to numerous research initiatives. Gaining expertise in the specialized subject of study can be facilitated by a PhD from the United States.

The top 5 US universities and their most popular PhD programs are:

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German universities offer top-notch facilities to international students, making them a center for higher education. Renowned German universities and colleges also provide thesis-based research degrees. Every year, Germany awards more than 29,000 PhD degrees to international students. The top 5 German universities that grant PhDs are shown below:

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The United Kingdom is well known for its elite educational system and a broad range of degree programs. Several of the top universities in the world are located in the UK, which makes it popular with students from other countries. The top 5 institutions where international students can pursue a Ph.D. are as follows:

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A Canadian PhD entails training and research with some of the top academics. Like the United States, Canada is renowned for its cutting-edge educational facilities for international students. A student can take advantage of several internship possibilities and post-study work visa programs shortly after completing their studies. The top 5 Canadian universities offering PhD programs are as follows:

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Australia is one of the best options for research-based programs for any PhD student. The country also offers a variety of scholarships for international students and boasts world-class infrastructure with the highest completion rates for PhDs. Additionally, students at Australian universities can choose to pursue PhD in some of the most offbeat and innovative fields. Some of the top universities offering PhD programs are as follows:

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Here is a list of the paperwork students must provide to apply to one of the overseas universities. The paperwork would vary from country to country and from university to university.

• A master’s degree earned from a recognized university.
• GRE scores (For courses/ universities that require GRE, a score above 310+ is considered to be good, although the minimum score for different sections may differ for each program/ university)
• IELTS proficiency test results (an IELTS score of 6.5 overall is generally required, with at least 6.0 in each of the four components).
• Letter of recommendation
• Transcripts (of secondary school education, undergraduate degree, and graduate degree)
• Statement of Purpose

The top 5 scholarships for Indian students interested in pursuing a PhD at a foreign university are listed below:

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A Ph.D.  is an exceptional qualification that requires a lot of attention on the part of the students and guidance from an excellent university that values research. Therefore, students need to understand how to get admission in PhD abroad at some top universities. The facts in this post will help you determine which nation will be the best and why.

How to get admission in PhD abroad?

Along with other necessary paperwork from the university, a student needs a master’s degree from an accredited institution to study PhD abroad.

Is there a test to get a PhD abroad?

Some of the most popular entrance examinations needed for studying PhD abroad include IELTS, TOEFL , the GRE, the GMAT , and the SAT .

We are a dedicated team of study-abroad experts, ensuring intensive research and comprehensive information in each of our blogs. With every piece written, we aim at simplifying the overseas education process for all. Our diverse experience as journalists, content writers, editors, content strategists, and marketers helps create the most relevant and authentic blogs for our readers.

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5 routes to getting a Doctorate

While most of those studying for a PhD take the PhD by thesis pathway, there are five viable routes to achieving a Doctorate degree

PhD by thesis

This is the most common means of getting a Doctorate degree. Over the three or four years of research at university, your PhD supervisor will support you as you aim to produce a thesis based on your research proposal .

A thesis is typically 60,000-90,000 words in length - although this can vary between institutions. For instance, the University of Glasgow's College of Social Sciences expects a thesis to be 70,000-100,000 words including references, bibliography and appendices, while the University of Cambridge has set an upper limit of 80,000 words.

Once completed, you'll need to defend your PhD thesis in front of a panel of examiners during your viva voce .

PhD by publication

This route involves submitting previously published work - such as books, book chapters and journal articles, which together form a coherent body of work and show evidence of an original contribution to a particular field of study.

It's often taken by mid-career academics that haven't had the opportunity to undertake a standard Doctorate degree.

Generally, a minimum of five to eight published pieces are required, but this varies between institutions and depends on their length. The published work will be assessed to the same rigorous standards as a traditional PhD by thesis.

You must also provide a written supporting statement, which can range from 5,000 to 20,000 words, and present your work to an academic committee. A supervisor will assist you with selecting which publications to submit and with the supporting statement.

Some universities accept only their own graduates for a PhD by publication, while others restrict this route to their academic staff. In general, you should have graduated from your first degree at least seven years ago to be eligible.

For example, The University of Manchester has published its own Guidance for the PhD By Published Work , with eligibility only extending to current members of staff.

Professional Doctorate

Geared primarily towards current professionals in vocational sectors such as healthcare , teaching and education , and engineering and manufacturing , this type of Doctorate degree includes a significant taught component and a smaller research project.

Professional Doctorates are often taken on a part-time basis and can last between two and eight years. Like their standard PhD counterparts, they usually begin in October or January.

While you won't typically be looking to get an academic job , your research is expected to contribute to theory as well as professional practice. Projects often revolve around a real-life issue that affects your employer.

Several professional Doctorates, such as the Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy), are accredited by a professional body - for instance, the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC) and The British Psychological Society (BPS) - and may also lead to a professional qualification .

Common titles for graduates of professional Doctorate degrees include:

• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
• Doctor of Education (EdD)
• Doctor of Engineering (EngD)
• Doctor of Medicine (MD).

Unlike many professional Doctorates, the EngD is typically offered as a full-time course and is aimed at young engineering graduates with little or no professional experience.

Explore what's currently available at Find a Professional Doctorate .

Integrated PhD

This four-year qualification, also known as the New Route PhD, involves studying a one-year research Masters degree (MRes) before progressing onto a three-year PhD.

Offered by a select number of universities across the UK, integrated PhDs are supported by the government and the British Council through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) . Visit Research Council funding for further information on research and funding for different types of PhD.

The integrated PhD involves a combination of taught materials, practical experience and advanced research. This allows you to learn subject-specific methodologies, while building the transferable skills that will enable you to become a leader in your chosen profession.

Institutions can also develop personalised integrated PhD programmes to meet each student's needs. For example, universities may offer you the opportunity to gain a postgraduate certificate (PGCert) in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education - perfect if you're considering a career as a higher education lecturer .

As PhDs are based primarily on independent research rather than time spent in lectures and seminars, distance learning has always been a viable route for many Doctoral students.

PhDs by distance learning offered by course providers such as The Open University are therefore a good option to consider if you've got family or work commitments or are an international student - as this gives you the chance to undertake Doctoral research without having to live close to your chosen institution. It's also a suitable mode of study if your subject requires you to be based in a specific location away from the university.

For the most part, you'll be in touch with your supervisor by phone, email or Skype/Zoom. You'll need to bear in mind that even if you opt for this form of research, you'll generally still need to attend university for one or two weeks of each academic year for meetings and to receive research skills training. Your final examination may be undertaken either face-to-face or virtually.

With online PhDs, you can usually register as a full or part-time student. The level of fees you pay varies between institutions - some charge the same as for a standard PhD while others offer a reduced rate.

Check that any funding you plan to apply for is available to distance learning students, as this isn't always the case.

Search for distance learning PhDs .

Find out more

• Explore what is a PhD?
• Sort out funding for postgraduate study .
• Consider what to do after completing your PhD .

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EU Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) Program

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A Guide to PhD Programs Abroad

Earning a PhD is something that few people wish to accomplish, and even fewer actually do. If you thought your bachelor’s or master’s degree programs were tough, gear up! Your schedule will be filled with early lectures, late night research, and countless presentations during nearly any PhD program. Even with all this coursework ahead of you, earning your PhD abroad might seem completely out of the question, but think again! Education is a global stage and universities everywhere have doctorate degrees, and each region, country, or PhD program offers a little something different to make your education that much more interesting. 

Why Earn a PhD Abroad

The better question is, “Why not earn your doctorate degree abroad?” Pursuing your doctorate degree is an opportunity to learn and study on a higher academic level, and grow as a person. Now, if you combine those scholarly activities in a new land, who knows what the outcome may be? Just kidding, it will be great of course! 

Completing a PhD abroad will give you a broader international perspective. Not only will your peers and faculty be from different corners of the globe, but you will also have access to resources and facilities that will affect your studies. By traveling in a foreign land, potentially learning how to speak a new language, and witnessing new perspectives you’ll learn just as much in the classroom as you will out of it.

Education is a universal pillar in human civilization and it transcends all borders. You can literally complete doctorate degrees anywhere in the world, but each region has its own appeal in terms of academics. New York City, in the United States, is attractive for entertainment, media, and Wall Street, while major European cities are steeped in history, philosophy, and art and Asia is thriving in economics and foreign languages. Last, but not least, South America is attractive for politics, environmental studies, and anthropology. 

Participate in hands-on research in Saudi Arabia along the shores of the Dead Sea in Jeddah at pristine university campuses between the big city and the beach. Saudi Arabia has seen major growth in higher education, especially since the early 2000s. As a major player in the Middle East, it’s a fascinating location for history and theology students specifically. Religion does play a rather large role in education in Saudi Arabia, so even students working on STEM doctorate degrees, whether in engineering, mathematics, or biomedical sciences, can expect to take a couple religion and history courses to round out their curriculum. Though the official language in Saudi is Arabic, you will be able to earn a doctorate degree in English, but it never hurts to learn some key words and phrases.

The United Kingdom’s involvement in the history of Western civilization and the development of modern day banking makes it a prime location for doctorate degree programs. With the recent changes in politics and commitment to the EU, studying accounting, law, and economics would run parallel with life across the pond. The United Kingdom offers no language barrier for English speakers and is considered the doorway to Europe. PhD students can island hop between England, Ireland, and Scotland with ease, then jet over to continental Europe with no worries at all. Many historical and famous universities are located all in the UK, including Queen’s University Belfast. Cities like Manchester and London will offer a great combination of big city living and prestigious doctorate degree programs.

Japan is the world’s third largest economy and with its unique history with China and the rest of Asia, global economics and history enthusiasts will find no shortage of interesting material to build their doctorate thesis around. Japanese is the official language spoken in Japan, naturally, but English comes in a close second, so you’ll be able to complete PhD programs in either tongue. Japan is known for its busy cities, including Tokyo and Kyoto, but don’t forget this nation is filled with 2,000 years of history and plenty of grasslands and mountains too.

Doctorate Degree Programs

Before you send off your applications for your desired PhD programs, consider the following things that you might need take time to prepare:

• A statement of purpose
• Your university transcripts (undergraduate and/or graduate)
• GRE/GMAT Test results
• TOEFL score of 6.0 or higher for English taught programs
• Three letters of recommendation
• Three to four years of academic research or involvement

There are two major ways to earn a doctorate degree abroad; you can apply for a full-time PhD programs directly through a foreign university or you can apply for an exchange program to study abroad for as short as a summer session or as long as a year.

It will generally take about three years to earn your doctorate degree abroad. Your semesters of coursework will build toward your final dissertation, which is an in-depth research presentation that will discuss, analyze, and support a theory you select with the university’s approval. Summers will still belong to you during most doctorate degrees, so you can use this time to get some extra work done to get ahead for the next semester, or take it easy and catch up on traveling. You could also spend the summer at a new location digging deeper into your research and PhD studies.

After you spend your hard earned money and three to four years of your life earning a PhD abroad, then comes the question, “Where are you going to work?” Doctorate degrees will open doors in the following fields, among others, government, consulting, academia, health, finance, law, and the nonprofit sector. 

Benefits & Challenges

There are pros and cons for every decision in life, so get your list together and start weighing your options for doctoral degree programs abroad.

Pros. Earning your doctorate degree abroad will give you a great opportunity to travel and apply your studies outside the classroom in a new cultural context. This will broaden your scope as a person and the scope of your research. You’ll expand your network during your PhD program and doors will open to more long-term opportunities to live and work abroad. 

Cons. You might not jive with the country and the local culture, and this will reflect poorly on your coursework. The culture shock and language barrier you may experience could make it difficult to make friends, and it will take some time to adjust to daily life in a new country. Also consider the cultural differences in academia and higher education that you’ll face during PhD programs abroad.

So, should I stay or should I go? This will be the biggest question to consider when deciding whether or not to get your PhD abroad. Even if you put together a comprehensive pros and cons list, both sides hold great arguments. If you want to stay home in a familiar place or city, stay. But, you could really take your experiences to another level by pursuing doctorate degrees abroad instead. In the end, the choice is yours, if there’s still really a choice (hint hint: just go ahead and get your doctorate degree abroad!). 

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HOW TO APPLY FOR PH.D. ABROAD

Ph.D. in Abroad with Scholarship

Ph.d. abroad: top countries, ph.d. abroad: top careers, what is ph.d., why do your ph.d. abroad, how to apply for ph.d. in foreign universities, studying for a ph.d. program, the teaching assistantship, the thesis and dissertation, research the programs and decide on specialization, zero in on your supervisor and start networking, complete the application and plan ahead, is it difficult to apply to phds abroad, will i need a student visa, ph.d. in different countries, ph.d. abroad: eligibility criteria.

If you are interested in applying for a Ph.D. program abroad with scholarship funding, there are several options available to international students. Some common types of Ph.D. scholarships include:

• Full scholarships: Full scholarships typically cover all costs associated with the Ph.D. program, including tuition, housing, and food.
• Partial scholarships: Partial scholarships provide partial financial aid for specific expenses, such as tuition, housing, or other designated costs.

It is worth noting that scholarship opportunities may vary based on the country and university you are applying to. Scholarship opportunities are provided to students by some universities and organizations, while others may have more general funding opportunities available. It is recommended to research and apply for as many scholarship options as possible to increase your chances of securing funding for your Ph.D. program.

Here are some of the top countries for Indian students to study Ph.D. abroad:

• United Kingdom
• United States of America

Ph.D. Abroad: Top US Universities

Here are some top universities for Ph.D. Abroad:

Ph.D. Abroad: Top Australian Universities

Ph.D. Abroad: Top European Universities

Ph.D. Abroad: Top German Universities

• Public Sector and Science
• Medical Research Centers
• College Professor
• Government Sectors
• Geological Sectors
• Science Writing
• Scientific Advisor
• Patent Lawyer
• Medical Research and Development Centers

A PhD is a research degree that signifies the completion of a program of advanced study and is the highest level of academic qualification that can be obtained. PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy. It typically takes between three and four years of full-time work to earn a PhD and involves the production of a thesis, which represents an original contribution to the field of study.

There are many benefits to studying abroad for a Ph.D. degree. For some students, the opportunity to learn a new language, immerse them in a different culture, and make new connections may be appealing. In other cases, pursuing a Ph.D. degree abroad may be necessary due to limited opportunities in the student's home country for their chosen area of research.

Studying abroad may also offer more favorable funding options, affordable tuition fees, access to advanced laboratory equipment, and experienced supervisors, which can enhance the overall Ph.D. experience and benefit the student's career.

•  It is important to communicate your specific area of interest to the admissions committee, demonstrating your passion and readiness for a Ph.D. degree. It may also be helpful to have a specific topic in mind and to show that you have done your research on the subject.
•  To apply for a Ph.D. program at a foreign university, it is important to perform well on general GRE exam and the subject GRE with preparation tips.
• To enroll in a Ph.D. program abroad, you will first be enrolled as a Ph.D. student. After completing the required coursework and passing qualifying exams, which may include written and oral components, you will become a Ph.D. candidate.
• The majority of your time will be spent working on your dissertation, which will be overseen by a dissertation advisor.
• It is typically expected that it will take 3 to 10 years to complete a Ph.D. program, depending on your field of study, previous experience, and training, and your progress in your studies.
• In some fields, such as certain branches of physics, a doctoral degree is almost necessary for employment.
• When applying for a Ph.D. program abroad, it is important to carefully consider your area of interest and to prepare for the GRE.

[ Read More: Know How to Book GRE Slot in 4 Simple Steps ]

• A Teaching Assistantship (TA) is a position assigned to Ph.D. candidates and some graduate students to teach undergraduate courses in their field at a university.
• This type of position can provide practical experience that is useful for a future career in academia.
• If being a TA is not desirable, there are other fellowships available, such as Research Assistantships (RA), where students can assist senior researchers and professors in a laboratory setting.

When considering a Ph.D. program, it is important to take into account various factors before choosing a university and mentor that you will work with to complete your dissertation.

Choosing a Mentor and University

• Choosing the right mentor for your Ph.D. studies is crucial.
• It is important to find a professor who is interested in your area of research and whose interests align with yours.
• It is helpful to do your homework and thoroughly research professors and departments to find the best fit.
• It is also important to make sure that the university or department you are applying to specializes in your field of study.

Obtaining a Ph.D. degree from a foreign university can greatly enhance your career prospects and allow you to make meaningful contributions to your field of study. Many Indian students seek Ph.D. programs at respected universities around the world. After completing a master's degree, a Ph.D. program allows students to delve deeper into their area of interest. Currently, numerous universities worldwide offer a wide range of Ph.D. programs.

Countries such as the US, UK, Canada, Germany, and Australia are among the leading destinations for international students seeking Ph.D. programs , provided they have good grades and research experience. However, before applying to a university, there are several steps to consider.

The journey of an overseas Ph.D. program starts with thorough research on the universities in a given nation that provide the specific course combined with their eligibility/entry requirements. You must also keep in mind the deadlines for applying to the degree of your choice and the topic or specialization in which you want to do the doctorate. Proper research of the universities, the facilities, the faculty (in the subject you've selected), and their areas of specialization must be done before deciding on the specialization.

When selecting a supervisor for your research at a university, it is important to carefully consider the supervisor's knowledge and experience in the field of your chosen specialization and ensure that their research interests align with yours. Your potential supervisor should also have experience guiding similar thesis projects and be able to provide support throughout your Ph.D. program.

Keep in mind that established supervisors may receive numerous requests from Ph.D. applicants but can only accept a limited number of students each semester, so it is important to reach out to them formally (via email) to express your interest and reserve a spot.

[ Read More: Indians to benefit from visa cap removal for PhDs in UK ]

It is advisable to research the supervisor's academic and research background, the number of students they typically work with, and the level of support they can provide. It is also advisable to follow up with the supervisor regularly and ask relevant questions about your Ph.D. program to help you prepare a strong university application.

Your university application is a crucial document that can determine whether or not you are accepted into the program of your choice. It is important to carefully craft your application to highlight your background, strengths, passions, and aspirations.

In addition to considering the curriculum and your academic accomplishments, you should also think about your future goals and consider what you hope to do after earning your Ph.D. degree. Whether you want to pursue a career in academia, research, or another field, it is important to prepare yourself to meet the requirements of your desired role to succeed in the industry you hope to join.

There are generally some similarities in the process of applying for a Ph.D. program at universities in different countries. However, there may be some differences between the specific documents required and the language proficiency tests that you need to take. For example, some universities may require you to provide transcripts, letters of recommendation, and a personal statement, while others may have additional or different requirements.

It is important to carefully review the requirements for each university you are considering and ensure that you have all the necessary documents and meet any language requirements before submitting your application. Similarly, you may need to take a language proficiency test, such as the TOEFL or IELTS , to demonstrate your ability to communicate in the language of instruction at the university.

Whether you need a student visa to study abroad for a Ph.D. program will depend on the country to which you are applying. In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, non-EU students may need to apply for a Tier 4 Visa to pursue a full-time Ph.D. program. In Germany, students may need a residence permit rather than a student visa. In the United States, students typically need to apply for an F-1 student visa.

The requirements for obtaining a student visa in Asian countries may vary. For example, in China, you may need an X1 Student Visa, while in Singapore, you may need a Student Pass. It is recommended to check the government website of the specific country you are interested in studying in to learn about the specific requirements for obtaining a student visa or other documentation needed for studying abroad.

If you are thinking about applying for a Ph.D. program abroad from India, it is important to research the specific requirements of the country and university you are applying to ensure that you have a clear understanding of the procedure and what you have to do.

[Read More: Best Places For Pursuing Your Higher Education]

Doctoral candidates are typically required to submit a thesis or project that includes their original research as part of their final course requirements. However, universities in different countries may have slightly different requirements for the admission process and criteria for passing. For example, in New Zealand, students may need to participate in an oral examination based on their thesis.

In the United Kingdom, Ph.D. candidates do not typically need to take written exams but must produce an externally examined thesis. In the United States, universities may require letters of recommendation and an essay outlining the purpose of the Ph.D. program. In Australia, students may need to provide a review of relevant research literature and an original research project in addition to their thesis to be awarded a Ph.D. degree.

How to Apply for Ph.D. Abroad from India in EU Countries

There are typically two ways to apply to universities in the United Kingdom : by applying directly through the university's website or by using the UCAS Postgraduate system. In Spain, Italy, and Germany, you may need to complete a pre-application process before you can apply for a Ph.D. program. This process is intended to ensure that your qualifications meet the eligibility requirements to study in the UK.

It may be helpful to consult with your government before beginning this process to get guidance on how your country's qualification system compares to the host country's system. Once you have completed the pre-application process, the university will review your application and contact you if you are approved to move forward. EU institutions may also interview you via Skype or phone.

How to Apply for Ph.D. Abroad from India in the USA

International students who are applying for Ph.D. programs in the United States may need to take additional exams beyond language proficiency tests, such as the GRE General Exam and the GRE Subject Exam. Studying in the United States can be competitive , so it is advisable to apply to a variety of institutions to increase your chances of being accepted. Applying to at least nine different institutions is generally recommended as part of your Ph.D. application process.

How to Apply for Ph.D. Abroad from India in Asia

The application process for Ph.D. programs in Asian countries, such as China, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, the United Arab Emirates, and India, may vary from one university to another. To ensure that you have the most accurate information, it is important to carefully review the specific application process for each university you are interested in applying to. This will help you understand the requirements and steps you need to follow to apply successfully.

How to Apply for Ph.D. Abroad from India to Australia

You must first find and email an appropriate supervisor if you intend to apply for a Ph.D. in a foreign nation like Australia. If you apply to the school as an international student without taking this action, your prospects of Studying in Australia would be reduced.

After reviewing the proposal with them, the supervisor will provide you with instructions on how to submit a formal application. Similar to EU institutions, if an Australian university believes you're a strong candidate, they'll probably invite you to a Skype or phone interview.

Eligibility criteria for pursuing a Ph.D. degree in a foreign country:

• A high GPA score
• Academic Transcripts
• Undertaken Ventures
• Scores of tests like the GRE, TOEFL, etc.
• Papers Posted, if any,
• If submitted, dissertations
• Participation in co-curricular activities related to the research subject you have selected
• Letters for Recommendation

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is an international higher education better than studying at a domestic university.

The common notion is that foreign universities are expensive, although with scholarships this is an exaggerated issue. What many fail to consider are time and effort. Studying in an Indian college leads to a lower average salary than earned by our western counterparts. This salary sets the tone for all future promotions since companies often look at your previous salaries during compensation appraisals. Additionally, most senior positions tend to be scooped up by individuals who have an international outlook through global exposure.  Finally, studying in a foreign country is an incredible learning experience helping students get a better academic as well as soft skill development.

Why has Canada become such a popular destination for education?

Canada has been one of the market leaders in education for decades. However, what currently sets Maple Country apart is immigration. Canada is wholeheartedly inviting students to study in their universities to fill job vacancies that are always growing in the country. Students who study in Canada (especially a Master’s Degree) are practically assured of a Permanent Residency Visa.

Is a good entrance test score important for a scholarship?

A good score doesn’t automatically qualify a candidate for a scholarship, however, it is one of the primary factors that the admissions department looks for in a scholarship application. There are other attributes such as a candidate’s academics, extra-curricular, financial background, and application essays (SOPs).

How do I choose the right university for me?

We get this question a lot. Many candidates know which career path they want to take, but are at a loss for how to take that journey. Understanding the job role and the industry that you want to get into is the first step to picking the right university.

Where should i study abroad?

Carefully consider the immigration options of the country that the university that you are considering is in. This is more important when you intend to stay back in the country after the completion of your course.

Also, review the placement history of the university as well.

The first step is to list your preferences. By listing your preferences and strengths, describe your course of preference. Extensive research on the modules, software and its length for your preferred subject is necessary.

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• Study Abroad – Universities, Colleges, Courses, Exams, Scholarship, Free Counseling
• Study PhD Abroad for Indian Students – Apply now for 2024 Intake !

Scope of studying PhD abroad

A phd abroad is worth every effort and time.

Undertaking research studies abroad is a dream academic plan for a number of international students. PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is the highest academic degree awarded to a student pursuing an advanced study in any particular field. While there are a number of Indian universities that offer a PhD program, pursuing PhD abroad has its fair share of advantages which entice international students. Completing a successful overseas PhD requires much more than just time and money. It takes an immense amount of patience and perseverance.

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Why study PhD abroad?

Pursuing your research studies abroad benefit you in more ways than one. Here are the top perks of the same:

• A global network: Doing your PhD outside your home country allows you to meet scholars from across the world and learn from their unique perspectives
• Career advancement: It opens up opportunities for you to gain global skills and the land the most coveted jobs anywhere in the world
• Globally recognised degree: A PhD from top universities abroad adds weight to your CV and is highly respected by employers across the world
• World-class faculty: Top ranking universities abroad have exceptionally skilled and experienced professors

Types of PhD programs

If you enjoy research, then applying for a Post-Doctoral Fellowship a year in advance would be a good move. If teaching interests you, then talking with the Adviser or Department Head is advisable and would help you to progress in academics. Venturing into industries is also a great option for research scientists as there are a number of opportunities available.

Eligibility criteria

While the specific requirements may vary from one university to another, here is what you will typically need: 

• Masters degree earned from a recognised university
• Satisfactory GRE scores (you can speak with your IDP counsellor to know how much you will need to score to get into your preferred university)
• Overall score of 6.5 or above on IELTS English proficiency test

You should also keep your letters of recommendation, transcripts, and Statement of Purpose ready for a timely application.

Read more : How to write an SOP | LOR – everything you need to know 

Studying in a foreign country can seem expensive. To manage your finances efficiently, it is always a good idea to have a rough idea of how much money you will need.

Read more : Cost of studying abroad

Course duration

Depending upon the field of study, thesis completion and individual progress, PhD completion may take somewhere between 3 to 10 years. The coursework while pursuing international PhD will comprise of lectures, countless presentations, and extensive research.

Intake season

There are usually two intakes round the year that most foreign universities and colleges offer – one during the month of January which is the Spring intake and the other during the month of September which is the Fall intake. Some universities may also offer an intake in the month of April which is the Summer intake. Choose your intake based on factors like availability of your preferred program, your chosen institution, academic records, entrance test scores, job opportunities etc. You can always ask your IDP counsellor for guidance on the intake that is right for you.

Find out more about study abroad intakes

How to choose a university?

Choosing the right university is critical for any student aiming to study abroad. Before taking a decision, the key factors that should be considered are course structure, course fee, accommodation cost, university ranking, teaching standards, research activities, career prospects, and whether the degree is recognised or not.

Read more : How to choose where to study abroad

What scholarship options are available for Indian students?

Students can fund their PhD abroad by availing one of the several scholarships that are available:

Career scope

A PhD abroad opens a new world of career opportunities to you. While in academics, you could continue with your post-doctoral project as researchers or teachers, industrial jobs are an option for science and engineering doctorates. PhD students can also work as consultants, biochemists, medical scientists, etc.

Work visa after course completion

There are a number of visa options that may be of help to you in case you are planning to stay and work in your chosen country:

Earning a PhD abroad is quite an achievement in itself as it takes immense patience and determination. Completing your PhD research demands commitment so make sure you are certain about the subject area and topic you choose. If you feel stuck anywhere, just connect with our international education specialists and we will be happy to guide you.

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Updated on February 2, 2022

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How to do PhD abroad with scholarships for Indian students

Table of Contents

Why study your phd abroad, list of popular phd scholarships for indian students, fulbright-nehru doctoral research fellowship, inlaks shivdasani scholarships, gates cambridge scholarship for international students, daad scholarships, president's phd scholarships, eiffel scholarship program, cambridge international scholarships, frequently asked questions.

Please note: (1) Edvoy provides expert advice on scholarships but does not offer them directly. (2) Please note that living expenses are not part of any scholarship's benefits, it solely covers tuition fee.

In this guide, we will list the 7 popular PhD scholarships for Indian students to study abroad.

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There are many benefits of studying a PhD from abroad for Indian students. The top 3 benefits are

Better funding: It is comparatively cheaper to do your PhD abroad than in India, as the tuition fee is generally lower around the globe. Moreover, you can complete your PhD abroad with scholarships for Indian students .

Wide network: By doing your PhD abroad, you can extend your network by getting to know individuals from different parts of the world.

Different culture: By doing your PhD abroad, you will develop a global perspective as you will be introduced to new concepts, ways of instruction, and academic communities.

Also read: What are the scholarship exams?

• Gates Cambridge Scholarship for International students

The Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowships are six to nine-month fellowships designed for Indian scholars registered for a PhD at an Indian institution. The applicant will be affiliated with one U.S. host institution for his grant, so he should, in advance, identify institutions to be affiliated with and correspond with potential host institutions. The selected scholars can audit non-degree courses, conduct research, and gain practical work experience in the U.S.

The fellowship provides a monthly stipend, J-1 visa support, an accident and sickness program, round-trip air travel, applicable allowances, and modest affiliation fees. It does not provide any dependents allowance and is insufficient to support family members. It is intended for PhD students to conduct research essential to their dissertations/thesis, so the candidates should submit the expected PhD thesis at least three months after the Fulbright-Nehru grant end date.

The Inlaks Shivdasani Foundation has supported innovative research and scholarship work for over four decades. Since 2016 the Inlaks Shivdasani Foundation has been working with the Cambridge Trust to offer scholarships to Indian students at the PhD level in various academic subjects. Till now, over 350 scholars have benefited from these scholarships. The selection process for the scholarship consists of 2 rounds: shortlisting candidates based on the written evidence submitted and personal or zoom interview with a panel of experts.

The scholarship provides financial support to undertake research at an institution that must be utilized within nine months of being awarded. It provides a travel allowance of up to $1000, monthly maintenance expenses of up to $2000, up to $500 for buying materials, and a health allowance of up to $500.

A donation of $210 million from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation established the Gates Cambridge Scholarship program. Each year Gates Cambridge offers 55 full-cost scholarships to PhD students outside the UK. The candidates are selected based on exceptional intellectual ability, reasons for choosing the course, a commitment to improving other's lives, and leadership potential.

The Gates Cambridge Scholarship provides funding for both core and discretionary components. The core components include University Composition Fee, a maintenance allowance for up to 4 years, return airfare, inbound visa costs &  Immigration Health Surcharge cost. The discretionary components include academic development funding of up to £500 to up to £2,000, family allowance of up to £10,944 for one child and up to £15,612 for two or more children, fieldwork funding, maternity/paternity funding, and hardship funding. Although the scholarship covers most of the costs, it does not cover bench fees or scientific equipment costs, or similar academic resources.

DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst) is one of the world’s largest funding organizations for international students. Each year, DAAD supports over 100,000 German and international students and researchers around the globe. The DAAD scholarship provides a monthly stipend of 1,200 Euros as a monthly stipend, travel grant, free accommodation in the university dorms, insurance and health coverage.

An independent selection committee of specialist scientists reviews the applied candidates and selects them based on their qualifications, the quality of the research project, and the applicant's potential. The qualification selection criteria include academic achievements, academic progress, and knowledge of the working language. The quality of research selection criteria includes originality and relevance of the project, feasibility and consistency of the study plan, and incorporation of the project within the overall doctorate. The potential of applicant selection criteria includes career prospects, German language skills, and non-study-related activities.

Imperial College London provides 50 President’s PhD Scholarships to attract candidates that show excellent academic performance and promising research potential. The President’s PhD Scholarships provides full tuition fees, a stipend of £22,900 per annum to assist with living costs, a consumables fund of £2,000 per annum for the first 3 years of study, and access to the full range of support at Imperial. The scholarship is available for both full-time and part-time study.

The President’s PhD Scholarships is a highly competitive scheme and has higher than usual eligibility requirements. The Faculties and College Selection Panel assess the candidates on academic excellence (past academic results, relative class position, awards and distinctions) and research potential (candidate’s research, the research plan and its potential contribution).

The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs developed the Eiffel Scholarship Program to assist French higher education institutions in attracting the best international students to PhD programs. French higher education institutions submit the applications for the scholarship, and applications sent directly by students or foreign institutions are declared ineligible.

The Eiffel program is awarded for 12 months in France. It does not cover the tuition fees but provides benefits like a monthly stipend of €1,700, international transportation, national transportation, insurance, housing searches, cultural activities, etc.

Also read: Can I get a 100% scholarship to study abroad?

The Cambridge Trust offers Cambridge International Scholarships to Indian students for undertaking research leading to a PhD degree at the University of Cambridge. The Cambridge International Scholarships aim to ensure that the highest-scored Indian students receive full financial support to undertake PhD studies. The selection criteria include the candidate's academic qualifications, references, and research potential, not the financial situation.

The Scholarships pay the University Composition Fee and a maintenance allowance sufficient for a single person. If the student receives a full-cost scholarship from any other source (excluding Gates Cambridge and Harding), then he can attend the Trust's events but will not get any monetary value. If the student accepts a Gates Cambridge Scholarship or a Harding Distinguished Postgraduate Scholarship, then his scholarship will immediately lapse.

Also read: Can I get a 100% scholarship for studying MS abroad?

What are the benefits of the Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowships grant?

The Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowships provide a monthly stipend, J-1 visa support, an accident and sickness program, round-trip air travel, applicable allowances, and modest affiliation fees.

What is the selection process for Inlaks Shivdasani Scholarships?

The selection process for the Inlaks Shivdasani Scholarships consists of 2 rounds: shortlisting candidates based on the written evidence submitted and personal or zoom interviews with a panel of experts.

What does Gates Cambridge Scholarship funding for International students cover?

The Gates Cambridge Scholarship provides funding for both core and discretionary components. The core components include University Composition Fee, a maintenance allowance for up to 4 years, return airfare, inbound visa costs & Immigration Health Surcharge cost. The discretionary components include academic development funding, family allowance, fieldwork funding, maternity/paternity funding, and hardship funding.

What are the benefits of the DAAD Scholarships grant?

The DAAD scholarship provides a monthly stipend of 1,200 Euros, travel grant, free accommodation in the university dorms, insurance, and health coverage.

What cover does the President's PhD Scholarships provide?

The President’s PhD Scholarship provides full tuition fees, a stipend of £22,900 per annum to assist with living costs, a consumables fund of £2,000 per annum for the first three years of study, and access to the full range of support available to postgraduates at Imperial.

Who developed the Eiffel Scholarship Program?

The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs developed the Eiffel scholarship program to assist French higher education institutions in attracting the best international students to PhD programs.

Will I receive monetary benefits from Cambridge International Scholarships if I get any other scholarship?

No, you will not receive monetary benefits from Cambridge International Scholarships if you get any other scholarship. However, you can attend the Trust's events if you receive a full-cost scholarship from any other source (excluding Gates Cambridge and Harding).

Study Abroad Expert

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• Working, jobs and pensions
• State Pension

Online voluntary National Insurance payments service launches

Find out if voluntary National Insurance contributions will boost your State Pension.

The government is making it easier for customers to check for and fill any gaps in their National Insurance ( NI ) record to help increase their State Pension by launching a new digital service today (29 April 2024).

The new digital service is called Check your State Pension forecast – and is a joint service by HM Revenue and Customs ( HMRC ) and the Department for Work and Pensions ( DWP ). It has been enhanced to include a fully end-to-end digital solution.

The service will show customers by how much their State Pension could increase and details of the voluntary NI contributions they would need to pay to achieve this. It allows most people under State Pension age to view gaps in their NI record and pay voluntary contributions to fill those gaps, if it will benefit them.

Anyone with NI gaps in some of their tax years that could increase their State Pension if filled, can use the new digital service to choose which years they would like to pay to fill. They can then pay securely through the service and will receive confirmation that their payment has been received and that their NI record will be updated.

Customers can access the Check your State Pension forecast via GOV.UK or via the HMRC app .

Those who are eligible have until 5 April 2025 to pay voluntary contributions to make up gaps in their NI record between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2018. From 6 April 2025, people will only be able to pay voluntary contributions for the previous 6 tax years, in line with normal time limits.

Nigel Huddleston, Financial Secretary to the Treasury, said:

Having peace of mind when planning for retirement is crucial to ensure people can enjoy later life. That’s why HMRC has launched this new online service today, making a real difference for thousands of pensioners in their retirement while providing certainty to those in their middle years and those still planning ahead.

Minister for Pensions, Paul Maynard, said:

The State Pension is the foundation of income in retirement, which is why we have introduced this new online tool to help simplify boosting it for those who are able to. I would encourage everyone to check their State Pension forecast and to take a look at how they could improve their State Pension award with only a few simple clicks.

Last year, the government extended the deadline to pay voluntary NI contributions to 5 April 2025 for those affected by new State Pension transitional arrangements. This covers tax years from 6 April 2006 to 5 April 2018. The extended deadline means that people now have more time to properly consider whether paying voluntary contributions is right for them and ensures no-one need miss out on the possibility of increasing their State Pension.

Paying voluntary contributions will not always increase their State Pension but everyone can use the new service to check whether they could be better off in retirement before making any voluntary NI payments.

Customers will need to login to the new digital service using their Personal Tax Account login details. Those without an online HMRC account can register on GOV.UK.

Everyone should be aware of the risk of falling victim to scams and should never share their HMRC login details with anyone, including a tax agent, if they have one. HMRC scams advice is available on GOV.UK.

Further information

More information on voluntary NI contributions

Customers should check if they can get National Insurance credits before they look into paying voluntary contributions

The majority of customers will be able to use the digital service, without needing to phone HMRC or DWP , including those living abroad who want to pay voluntary contributions for years they were resident in the UK. However, it is not currently available to those who are already receiving their State Pension, self-employed customers or customers currently living outside the UK with gaps incurred while working abroad. They can continue to manage their NICs as set out on GOV.UK .

Customers can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 tax years. The deadline is 5 April each year.

As part of transitional arrangements to the new State Pension, customers have had an extended deadline to pay voluntary contributions to fill gaps in their National Insurance record between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016, to help increase their State Pension. Following an extension to the deadline last year individuals can pay voluntary contributions for tax years 6 April 2006 to 5 April 2018 by 5 April 2025.

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Money Report

What to know before you buy a house overseas — and 3 steps to smooth the process

By ana teresa solá,cnbc • published 3 hours ago • updated 2 hours ago.

Almost 40% U.S. millionaires plan on buying a home overseas within the next 12 months, according to the latest Trend Report by Coldwell Banker Global Luxury.

• While it can be a dream to buy a home abroad, many challenges can arise.

"Living in a country is not the same as spending a lovely three weeks there," said certified financial planner Jude Boudreaux, a partner and senior financial planner at The Planning Center in New Orleans.

Some Americans plan to tap into real estate markets outside of the U.S . this year.

Another two-thirds of respondents plan to purchase a home abroad within the next five years, according to the report.

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The survey polled 1,053 U.S. consumers of ages 18 and up, with a household income of more than $1 million, from November 27 to December 11, 2023. 

Buying a property abroad can be a dream for many Americans. But it's not a decision one should make on whim; multiple factors can easily complicate the process, experts say.

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Mortgages, currency exchange complicates a purchase.

While there may be similarities to the U.S. market when buying a home overseas , there are also unique challenges on the financial side of the purchase.

Oftentimes, Americans buying properties abroad end up financing the transaction with cash outright, experts say. If you do want to finance your home purchase, assess the options to consider how often you may be exposed to interest rate changes.

That's because mortgage structures in foreign countries are more likely to have variable rates, or short terms if they are fixed-rate loans. It is rare to encounter financing options similar to the 30-year fixed rate mortgage, which is a "very American phenomenon," said Boudreaux, a member of the CNBC Financial Advisor Council.

You also have to be mindful of the exchange rate on the foreign currency you will be transacting with, as well as the cost to trade your U.S. dollars. Fluctuations in rates, and the differences in banks' rates and fees, can make a significant difference in how far your dollars go.

A bank wire is often the "least expensive way" to exchange currency, and with a large enough bank, they'll have facilities that can reduce the cost of the foreign transfer, like a favorable exchange rate, said Boudreaux.

But in most cases, the U.S. buyer will need to open a bank account in the country they're buying real estate. And that process is not always straightforward.

For one, many banks will refuse to work with U.S. citizens because the Bank Secrecy Act of the U.S. requires foreign entities to report assets, he explained.

Smaller, regional banks might not be equipped to handle that reporting, so U.S. citizens will generally need to seek larger institutions, Boudreaux added.

Before you acquire a property outside of the U.S., it's also important to make sure you have a clear picture of what you will use it for; your tax responsibilities to the foreign country and the U.S. may change depending on that answer.

Here are three steps experts recommend you take before you become a homeowner overseas:

1. 'Do a lot of due diligence'

When you visit the city or town where you want to buy, make sure to walk around a lot, said Bojan Mujcin, a real estate associate of Sotheby's International Realty in Barcelona and Costa Brava, Spain.

"Get familiar with the city, get familiar with the streets ... do a lot of due diligence," Mujcin said.

Rent in that area for a significant time to get a sense of the place before you "buy something on a dream," said Boudreaux. Doing so can give you a better sense of what it's like to live in a place.

You also may want to consider the country's political environment, as it can be important for the long-term investment value of your property, said Erin Boisson Aries, a global luxury real estate advisor of Douglas Elliman.

"Less spontaneity and more study is important," she said. "It's wonderful to go on vacation and have a wonderful time, but the long-term geopolitical stability is very important."

Boudreaux agreed: "There is political risk ... and we have to be prepared for what that might entail for our investments."

2. 'Understand what your needs are'

It will be important for you to "understand what your needs are," Boisson Aries said.

"Is this an investment? Are you planning to retire there? Are you planning to visit and rent it out?...You have to really understand the environment you're purchasing into," she said.

For example, if you plan to rent out the property for long- or short-term stays, "zoning very much factors into that," Boisson Aries said.

Rules that determine what areas are eligible for short-term rentals can change over time, Boudreaux said.

"Buying these direct properties for that purpose is something that comes with far more risks than people realize," he said.

And if you do decide to use the property for rental or commercial use, you may have additional tax burdens in that country, Boudreaux said.

3. Contact local experts and expat communities

"Make sure you have local experts and professionals advising you" when shopping in housing markets outside of the U.S., said Boisson Aries. "There are so many variables that affect each purchase."

Such variables or factors can include ownership rights, zoning implications and investment opportunities, she said.

"You might go over and fall in love with the property, but without really understanding the overall market, all of the other implications to purchasing and ownership, you're flying a little blindly," she said. "Just as we're experts and advisors on the ground in Manhattan ... you really do need that level of expertise on the ground."

Speak with a legal advisor in the foreign country who can help navigate tax issues and other questions you may have, Sotheby's Mujcin said.

"You definitely always need to have some legal support from some type of lawyer in the transaction," he said.

Find out if there's an expat community in the country you're interested in buying into, Boudreaux said.

Usually it will consist of other Americans who have gone through a similar process who can provide recommendations and resources, he added.

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Money latest: Sainsbury's running Nectar points scheme; chocolate is a superfood - if you buy these bars

Our cost of living specialist is back with a money-saving tip for using the internet abroad. Read all today's personal finance and consumer news - and listen to the latest Ian King Business podcast below.

Friday 10 May 2024 20:30, UK

• Interest Rates
• UK exits recession, official figures show
• Interest rate held at 5.25% | Bank of England: June rate cut 'not ruled out but not fait accompli'
• Sainsbury's running Nectar points scheme - check if you're eligible

Essential reads

• Ed Conway on economy: Three reasons to be gleeful about the ONS figures
• How to avoid a holiday data roaming charge (while still using the internet)
• Mortgage rates up again this week - here are the best deals on the market
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• Cheapest 10 European cities for a holiday - and how costs compare
• Listen to the Daily above and  tap here to follow wherever you get your podcasts

Loaves of bread have been recalled from shelves in Japan after they were found to contain the remains of a rat.

Production of the bread in Tokyo has been halted after parts of a "small animal" were found by at least two people.

Pasco Shikishima Corp, which produces the bread, said 104,000 packages have been recalled as it apologised and promised compensation.

A company representative told Sky News's US partner network, NBC News, that a "small black rat" was found in the bread. No customers were reported to have fallen ill as a result of ingesting the contaminated bread.

"We deeply apologise for the serious inconvenience and trouble this has caused to our customers, suppliers, and other concerned parties," the spokesman said.

Pasco added in a separate statement that "we will do our utmost to strengthen our quality controls so that this will never happen again. We ask for your understanding and your co-operation."

Japanese media reports said at least two people who bought the bread in the Gunma prefecture, north-west of Tokyo, complained to the company about finding a rodent in the bread.

Record levels of shoplifting appear to be declining as fewer shopkeepers reported thefts last year, new figures show. 

A survey by the Office for National Statistics shows 26% of retailers experienced customer theft in 2023, down from a record high of 28% in 2022.

This comes despite a number of reports suggesting shoplifting is becoming more frequent. 

A  separate ONS finding , which used police crime data, showed reports of shoplifting were at their highest level in 20 years in 2023, with law enforcements logging 430,000 instances of the crime.

Let's get you up to speed on the biggest business news of the past 24 hours. 

A privately owned used-car platform is circling Cazoo Group, its stricken US-listed rival, which is on the brink of administration.

Sky News has learnt that Motors.co.uk is a leading contender to acquire Cazoo's marketplace operation, which would include its brand and intellectual property assets.

The process to auction the used-car platform's constituent parts comes after it spent tens of millions of pounds on sponsorship deals in football, snooker and darts in a rapid attempt to gain market share.

The owner of British Airways has reported a sharp rise in profits amid soaring demand for trips and a fall in the cost of fuel.

International Airlines Group said its operating profit for the first three months of the year was €68m (£58.5m) - above expectations and up from €9m (£7.7m) during the same period in 2023.

The company, which also owns Aer Lingus, Iberia and Vueling, said earnings had soared thanks to strong demand, particularly over the Easter holidays.

The prospect of a strike across Tata Steel's UK operations has gained further traction after a key union secured support for industrial action.

Community, which has more than 3,000 members, said 85% voted in favour of fighting the India-owned company's plans for up to 2,800 job losses, the majority of them at the country's biggest steelworks in Port Talbot, South Wales.

Tata confirmed last month it was to press ahead with the closure of the blast furnaces at the plant, replacing them with electric arc furnaces to reduce emissions and costs.

In doing so, the company rejected an alternative plan put forward by the Community, GMB and Unite unions that, they said, would raise productivity and protect jobs across the supply chain.

Rishi Sunak has told Sky News that the UK exiting recession shows the economy has "turned a corner". 

He told our economics editor Ed Conway : "I am pleased that while there's more work to do, today's figures show that the economy now has real momentum, and I'm confident that with time, people will start to feel the benefits of that.

"We've had multiple months now where wages are rising, energy bills have fallen, mortgage rates are down and taxes are being cut... I'm pleased with the progress that we're making."

Mr Sunak added: "I am confident the economy is getting healthier every week."

Lidl will increase staff wages for the third time in 12 months, the supermarket has announced. 

Shop workers in London will get £13.65, up from £13.55, while staff elsewhere will get a rise from a minimum £12 to £12.40 - at a cost of £2.5m to Lidl.

The supermarket invested £37m in pay increases in March, on top of £8m in September - a total of more than £50m in the past 12 months. 

The increase comes into effect from 1 June. 

Lidl GB chief executive Ryan McDonnell said: "As we continue to expand, we are welcoming more customers and attracting more colleagues into the business every day.

"It's absolutely right, therefore, that we continue to offer industry-leading pay."

Tech giant Apple has apologised after an advert for its new iPad model prompted outrage.  

The ad promoting the thinnest-ever iPad shows creative tools including cameras, books, paint cans and musical instruments being crushed in an industrial press.

But many, including celebrities like Hugh Grant, decried the crushing of artistic objects.

In a statement released to Ad Age, Tor Myhren, Apple's vice president of marketing communications, said: "Creativity is in our DNA at Apple, and it's incredibly important to us to design products that empower creatives all over the world.

"Our goal is to always celebrate the myriad of ways users express themselves and bring their ideas to life through iPad. We missed the mark with this video, and we're sorry."

By Daniel Binns, business reporter

The FTSE 100 has been propelled to another record high this morning after official figures showed that the UK is now out of recession.

The index, of the London Stock Exchange's 100 most valuable companies, is up more than 0.5% and hit an intraday (during the day) high of 8,433 points earlier.

The score is based on a calculation of the total value of the shares on the index.

It comes after officials revealed that gross domestic product (GDP) in the UK grew by a better-than-expected 0.6% during the first three months of the year. 

However, commentators said investors had been buoyed more by the rising cost of metals, along with suggestions from the Bank of England yesterday that interest rates could be cut soon . 

Russ Mould, from investment platform AJ Bell, said: "Given its international horizons, this has little to do with the UK's better-than-expected GDP growth and is largely being driven by strength in the resources space where higher metals prices and the promise of M&A [mergers and acquisitions] are helping to stoke share prices.

"The next key test of the index's new-found vim and vigour will likely come next week in the form of US inflation figures. Investors have broadly accepted rate cuts won't be as deep or come as soon as would have been anticipated at the start of the year. However, any signs inflation is proving much more stubborn than predicted would still represent a shock to the system for financial markets."

Among the movers on Friday is UK-based mining firm Anglo American. 

Its shares are up almost 2% after reports that industry giant Rio Tinto has been considering a multibillion-pound takeover of the firm. It comes after Anglo American rejected a bid from rival BHP.  

Meanwhile, shares in Vodafone are up more than 2% after the government conditionally approved its plans to merge with fellow mobile operator Three. However, an investigation into the deal by the UK's competition watchdog is still ongoing, meaning it’s not a done deal yet. 

On the flip side, property listings website Rightmove is down nearly 6% this morning. It comes after the company cut its advertising revenue growth estimates in a trading update.

Rightmove said higher mortgage rates and lengthier completion times for sales were likely to weigh on buyer sentiment in the coming months, but it also forecast a better year for the UK residential market as a whole.

On the currency markets, £1 buys $1.25 US or €1.16.

Sainsbury's is running a scheme that allows some shoppers to earn easy Nectar card points. 

To earn extra points, shoppers just need to spend £1 across multiple transactions at Sainsbury's this month. 

The supermarket says the scheme is available to "millions" of customers, though all it would say about the eligibility criteria is that it's "based on a range of factors".

Check if you're eligible

Log into your nectar card app and check to see if you have this message...   

Make sure you opt in once you see the message. 

From there, you simply need to spend £1 or more five times - earning extra points each time. 

The number of bonus points on offer varies for each customer.

The offer runs until 4 June. 

Britain is not just out of recession. 

It is out of recession with a bang.

The economic growth reported this morning by the Office for National Statistics is not just faster than most economists expected, it's also the fastest growth we've seen since the tailend of the pandemic, when the UK was bouncing back from lockdown.

But, more than that, there are three other facts that the prime minister and chancellor will be gleeful about (and you can expect them to be talking about this number for a long time).

First, it's not just that the economy is now growing again after two quarters of contraction - that was the recession. 

An economic growth rate of 0.6% is near enough to what economists used to call "trend growth", back before the crisis - in other words, it's the kind of number that signifies the economy growing at more or less "normal" rates. 

And normality is precisely the thing the government wants us to believe we've returned to.

Second, that 0.6% means the UK is, alongside Canada, the fastest-growing economy in the G7 (we've yet to hear from Japan, but economists expect its economy to contract in the first quarter).

Third, it's not just gross domestic product that's up. So too is gross domestic product per head - the number you get when you divide our national income by every person in the country. After seven years without any growth, GDP per head rose by 0.4% in the first quarter. 

And since GDP per head is a better yardstick for the "feelgood factor", perhaps this means people will finally start to feel better off.

But this is where the problems come in. 

Because while this latest set of GDP figures is undoubtedly positive, the numbers that came before are undoubtedly grim.

GDP per head is still considerably lower, in real terms, than it was in 2022, before Liz Truss's disastrous mini-budget, or for that matter lower than in early 2019.

Raising another question: when people think about the state of the economy ahead of the election (and obviously these new figures are likely to increase the speculation about the date of the election), do they put more weight on the years of economic disappointment or the bounce back after them?

Do they focus on the fact that we're now growing at decent whack or on the fact that their income per head is, in real terms, no higher today than it was five years ago?

These are the questions we will all be mulling in the coming months - as the next election approaches. One thing is for sure: this won't be the last time you hear about these GDP numbers.

The chancellor is speaking to Sky News after the welcome news that the UK has exited a recession. 

"It's encouraging that the UK economy is growing faster over the last quarter, not just than France, Germany or Italy, but actually faster than the United States," Jeremy Hunt says.

"But I think what's more encouraging is the longer-term data that we are now seeing about the economy."

He praises the government's handling of the economy. 

"I think that for families who've been having a really tough time, this is an indication that difficult decisions that we've taken over recent years are beginning to pay off and we need to stick with them."

He nods to the Bank of England governor Andrew Bailey's comments yesterday that inflation is expected to fall to 2% in the coming months: "So we're seeing that inflation is falling faster and I think people recognise it's been a very, very challenging period."

He's then asked whether the UK can compete with the US's economy in the coming years. 

Mr Hunt says he wants the UK to become "the new Silicon Valley" as a route into the tech sector. 

"Tech is the sector that is growing the fastest and will continue to grow the fastest," he says. 

Finally, he's asked when national insurance will be abolished - a recent Tory pledge. 

"We haven't set a date... we'll only do it when it's affordable and when we can do so without impacting on public services."

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