resume writing for references

Build my resume

• Build a better resume in minutes
• Resume examples
• 2,000+ examples that work in 2024
• Resume templates
• Free templates for all levels
• Cover letters
• Cover letter generator
• It's like magic, we promise
• Cover letter examples
• Free downloads in Word & Docs

How to List References on Resumes: Strategic Guide (With Examples)

• The Role of References in Job Applications
• Preparing Your Reference List
• Showcasing References
• Real World Examples

References in Resumes FAQs

References don’t usually live on a resume—they take up too much space and typically aren’t even needed at that stage of the application process.

Be that as it may, sometimes employers may go against the curve and ask for them straight away, and when that happens, you’ll need to rearrange your resume and make room.

Of course, the trickiest thing about references isn’t where to put them, but who to choose. In this article, we’ll show you plenty of resume templates and useful tips to help you handle references like a pro!

Understanding the Role of References in Job Applications

When employers are searching for someone to hire, there are a lot of different steps they have to take to determine whether a candidate is both technically capable and a good fit for the company . There’s the resume, the cover letter, the interview—maybe another interview, or two, or five—and the references.

You can learn a lot about a candidate from their own words, but there are certain things you can only learn from others. That’s why employers sometimes need a few recommendations from third parties as final confirmation that a candidate is a good choice.

Why include references?

References often aren’t optional. When an employer asks for them, you need to hand some over or it could greatly impact your application.

If you have prior work listed on your resume but you don’t have anyone that could act as a reference, it implies that you might have been fired, or that your manager refused to act as a reference for you. Those things can happen, but some employers may not overlook that.

Instead, it’s always best to prepare your references in advance and have them ready to send whenever the employer asks for them. This is the right way to look professional since the more experienced you are, the more people you know and the easier it is for you to get a few references.

Selecting the right references

There are a few rules you need to follow when it comes to picking references. There are three main types of reference and each has different relationships to you.

• Professional references: To list someone as a professional reference, they need to know you in a professional setting. This includes current colleagues, former colleagues, and managers. Some companies also deal with references through their HR department.
• Academic references: These are people that you know from school and college. It can include teachers, professors, academic advisors, academic counselors, and even classmates. You usually only use academic references as a fresh graduate and replace them with professional references once you get your first job or two.
• Character references: This type of reference can be a friend or a family member, and their role is to talk about your general character and personality. These aren’t always accepted by employers, and it’s important not to list a friend or family member if the employer explicitly asks for professional or academic references.

Common mistakes to avoid

Putting your references on your resume is really something you should only do if the employer asks for it directly. Otherwise, it’s best to avoid mentioning your references too early.

For most employers, checking references comes right at the end of the application process—because it would be too much work to check references for large numbers of candidates.

That’s why there’s usually no need to put your references on your resume. Some people like to put a line at the bottom of their resume saying “References available on request.” This isn’t a terrible idea, but it’s also not that necessary.

References are a requirement during many application processes so it’s assumed that anyone applying has references—it’s not something that really needs to be announced. They’ll ask you if they want them.

Preparing Your Reference List : Step-by-Step Instructions

There are a lot of things you need to think about when choosing your reference list. In this section, we’ll go over the best practices for picking references, asking permission, and formatting your reference list.

Choosing appropriate references

The first thing you need to think about is how many references you need. The most common number employers ask for is two or three, so it’s a good idea to prepare at least three.

The second thing to think about is reference types. If the employer asks for a specific type such as professional, academic, or character references, it’s best to comply with that request. If they don’t specify, your safest bet is to include only professional or academic references.

Now, as for who you pick, consider the following:

• Who they are
• What your relationship is
• What they’ll say about you
• How quickly they’re likely to respond

When you list someone as a reference, employers will contact them by email or phone to ask questions about you, so it’s important that they’re easy to get in contact with. If you choose someone busy like a CEO, there’s a chance they just won’t see the email or reply to it quickly enough.

How to ask for permission

Once you’ve decided who you want your references to be, you need to ask them if they’ll accept to do it. No one has to write you a reference if they don’t want to and it’s not very professional to list someone without asking them first.

You may have previously inquired whether someone could serve as your reference in the future—for instance, querying a manager upon leaving a job or a professor at graduation. However, it’s still necessary to reach out again with an email to confirm this arrangement.

In the email, include a quick reminder of who you are and how you’re acquainted, and then get straight to the point and ask if they’d be willing to be a reference for you. You can tell them a little about the opportunity you’re applying for and send your resume so they’re updated on what you’ve been doing.

One more important point is to give them room to refuse. It’s generally considered a responsibility to give references when requested—but sometimes people are busy, and you’re better off keeping them happy and primed for a different favor in the future than pushing them on this one now.

Formatting your reference list

Unlike when writing a cover letter or creating a resume , formatting a reference list is straightforward and very simple. All you need to include is:

• The reference’s name
• Their job title
• The company they work for
• Their phone number
• Their email address

A phone call is generally more inconvenient for references to take, so feel free to write “(preferred contact)” beside the email address to encourage the employer to use that.

Below the contact information, you should also add a short reference description. This literally only needs to be one sentence, explaining who they are, how you know each other, and how long you’ve known each other. Like this:

“Terry was my manager at Meta from 2019 to 2022 when I was working as a front-end developer.”

Showcasing References : Formats and Templates

There are two main ways to showcase your references: directly on your resume or on a separate sheet. In both cases, however, the format largely stays the same—just contact information and a reference description.

Reference List Templates

Here are some examples of how to format your reference list:

Contact Information

Reference Name:

Reference Description:

Reference Description: (In this case, use the reference’s full name)

Best practices in reference format

There isn’t really anything fancy you need to think about when it comes to reference formats. All that matters is clarity and organization. Clearly state who the reference is and provide their contact information.

One way to make the reference section match the rest of your resume (even if you’re using a separate sheet) is to use the same contact info format as you have for your own contact info at the top of your resume. By matching the order, font, bolding, and use of colons or titling, you can create a nice organized reference section that doesn’t look like it was added in a rush.

Tips for digital submission of references

Submitting your references digitally is often exactly the same as submitting them physically—just take the reference document you would have printed out and simply attach it to an email instead!

Some companies may have a special application portal that you’ve been using to submit other parts of your application, and if that’s the case, there might be a tab for references. The employer will likely tell you when and how to fill it in but in most cases, it will just involve filling in a contact form with the same information you’d usually provide. Just make sure to read the instructions carefully so you can fill everything in as the employer wants it.

Real-World Examples of Effective Reference Sections

To help you get a feel for what these sections look like and how you can write a good reference description, take a look at these resume examples . The reference list is on the second page of each example (which is recommended; there’s no need to take up valuable real estate on a resume) and closely matches the style of the resume.

Entry-Level Job Applicant

Mid-Career Professional

Senior-Level Executive

Sales Manager

School Teacher

Java Developer

In almost all cases, you should avoid putting your references directly on your resume because it takes up valuable space and isn’t useful in the early stages of the application. However, if the employer asks for references with your resume, you can include them—either on the resume itself or preferably on a separate sheet.

Most employers tend to ask for two or three references, so you want to have at least three you can use. This can feel like a lot for a fresh graduate or someone lacking experience but if you’re struggling, you can use academic references, ask people from part-time jobs you’ve worked at, or people you’ve volunteered with.

Family members can be used as a character reference but character references are not always accepted by employers. The easiest way to know if you can use a family member is to look at the type of reference the employer asked for. If they say “professional” or “academic” references, it means they don’t want character references.

Writing up your reference is easy, you just need their name, job title, company, phone number, and email address. Below, you can write a brief reference description that tells the employer how you know each other and for how long. It only needs to be one sentence, so make sure not to ramble!

You should ideally have at least one reference from every job you’ve had, so every time you get a new job, find a reference there and remove the oldest one you have from the list. If you’re at your first job, it could be a good idea to find multiple people in different roles to be your references so you don’t have to rely on academic references again.

In a normal situation, the best way to send your references is as an attachment to an email, when the references are asked for. If you prepare them in advance, you can shoot them over as soon as you get the email asking for them, and this will look professional and well-organized! Basically, references are something you don’t need to worry about until they’re asked for, which makes it pretty easy!

Related articles

• Letter of Interest Examples
• Letter of Introduction
• How to Accept a Job Offer
• Find Your Dream Job
• Reasons for Leaving a Job

Protect your data

This site uses cookies and related technologies for site operation, and analytics as described in our Privacy Policy . You may choose to consent to our use of these technologies, reject non-essential technologies, or further manage your preferences.

• Resume and Cover Letter
• How to List References on...

How to List References on Your Resume (With Examples)

7 min read · Updated on March 27, 2024

To include references on your resume or not? That is the question

At some point in your job search, an employer, recruiter, or HR professional is likely to ask you for a list of resume references. Many people will include a list of references right on their resume, or at least allude to the fact that references are available. The big question is… should you do either of these things?

If you're at the point of your job search where you need to know how to list references on your resume (or whether you should include them at all), you've come to the right place. In this article, we'll cover the following topics:

Whether you're supposed to put references on a resume

Why you should (or shouldn't) include resume references 

Where your references belong – and how to write them up

Who qualifies as a good resume reference

Let's get started!

Are you supposed to put references on a resume?

No, you are not supposed to put references on a resume

Instead, focus on providing the details that will convince a recruiter or hiring manager to contact you for an interview. Remember, your cover letter and resume are designed to get you the interview. The details you highlight on the resume during the job search should support this goal.

While it varies from company to company, most employers won't ask for your resume references until they're ready to reach out to them. This typically doesn't happen until you've made it through the initial interview rounds and are among the final candidates for a job. If, for any reason, an employer wants your references earlier in the process, rest assured they'll give you a chance to provide them. There's no need to place references on your resume when they won't be used until you're one of the final candidates.

That said, you should brainstorm a list of potential resume references as soon as you start submitting job applications, so you're ready when a prospective employer has specifically requested your professional references.

Why not include references on a resume?

Including references on a resume is simply a waste of space

Resume real estate is valuable and, as you know, when it comes to writing your resume, you only get so many pages to work with. Don't waste that space by putting a resume references section or adding the phrase “References available upon request.” 

Many employers usually won't ask for this information until you're further along in the interview process - and they know you'll provide references if they request them. Additionally, adding references to your resume can cause your application to get hung up in the applicant tracking system, or ATS , the software the company uses to manage candidates.

ATS can be programmed to automatically email references when they're found in the scanning process. If your reference doesn't respond to the automated message sent out by the ATS, your application could get caught in a pending status.

Where do you put references, if not on a resume?

Rather than putting references on your resume, type them up on a separate document

On a separate reference page, include the person's first name and last name, current job title and company name, email address, and phone number. Be sure to check with each of your professional references ahead of time, to confirm that the person is willing to be your reference and to verify which phone number and email address they'd like you to share with employers.

It's also helpful to add a line that explains to the reader how you've come to know this reference. For example,

It could be as simple as mentioning that you “worked together in Company XYZ's marketing department from July 2015 to November 2017,” or 

That your professional reference was your “direct supervisor at ABC Institute between 2018 and 2019.” 

You don't have to write a paragraph explaining your relationship to a reference, but it's nice to provide the employer or hiring manager with a little context.

When you type up your best resume references, consider using the same header information and font style that was used for your resume, so that the documents appear to be part of one overall package - even if they're not attached to one another. 

Resume references example: how to write your references

For example, if we were writing up resume references to accompany Alexa Campbell's resume , they might look something like this: 

Who should you ask to be a reference?

When choosing your professional references, select three to five people who have insight into your hard and soft skills and who you trust to say good things about you and your job performance. 

A good rule of thumb is to have at least three professional references – five if you're applying for an executive position. 

EXPERT TIP: If you opt to have more than three to five professional references, then the extras can be personal references. 

As you approach each person you want to have as a reference, give them an idea of the position you're applying for and how your skills match the role. This will help them know what to say when they're contacted. 

For the professional references

Try to find professional references who know about your skills and can talk about your career achievements in a way that aligns with what the job wants. Most of the time, your professional references will be talking about your hard skills – the things you know how to do from education and experience. 

Professional resume references examples include:

Former supervisors or managers

A leader at a place you volunteer

For the personal references

It is okay to have personal references, but you should never provide personal references INSTEAD OF professional references. Always, always give professional references first and then personal ones. You'd list the same details about your personal references as you do the professional references – Name, Title (who they are to you), phone, and email. Adding a couple of personal references can help boost your candidacy, as these folks will probably talk a lot about your soft skills , which employers value. 

Personal resume references examples include (note that not a single personal reference in the following list is a relative – your mom and grandma should not appear on your reference list!):

Academic Advisors

Sports Coach

Members of your network

Maximize resume space to improve job search impact

Having a good set of resume references to lean on while you search for a job is great, as they can help you get from interview to job offer. However, because of the limited space on your resume, you should create a separate document that contains just your references.

Remember, the goal of your resume is to get an interview. Before you sit down to speak with the hiring manager or recruiter, your references aren't going to help you. As such, you should aim to include only those details on your resume that will win an interview. 

When it's time to give your references to a hiring manager, make sure that you have a carefully curated list of contacts that can confidently speak to your abilities and how your skills match up with what the company is hiring for. 

Is your resume not getting results? Request a free review to find out how your resume is falling short .

This article was originally written by Amanda Augustine and has been updated by Marsha Hebert. 

Recommended reading:

What to Remove From Your Resume Right Away

How to Keep a Bad Reference From Ruining Your Career

Everything You Need to Know About References for Your Job Search

Related Articles:

Do Hiring Managers Actually Read Cover Letters?

How to Create a Resume With No Education

Why You Lose When You Lie on Your Resume: Learning From Mina Chang

See how your resume stacks up.

Career Advice Newsletter

Our experts gather the best career & resume tips weekly. Delivered weekly, always free.

Thanks! Career advice is on its way.

Share this article:

Let's stay in touch.

Subscribe today to get job tips and career advice that will come in handy.

Your information is secure. Please read our privacy policy for more information.

How to List References on a Resume [w/ Examples]

You’ve applied for an office position. You can’t wait to get an interview with the HR department.

Everything seems good to go, but now, the HR asked you for a list of your references.

So, how do you do this?

Are you supposed to attach it to your resume? Who do you include in your resume references? Is there a custom format style? 

Well, kick back and relax because we’re here to help answer all your uncertainties!

Read on to learn everything you need to know about listing references on a resume.

• Whether you should or shouldn’t put a reference sheet on your resume.
• How to properly list references on a resume (with pro-tips).
• The best way to format a “References” section.
• Helpful resume references examples.

Should You Include References on a Resume? 

The general common practice that the majority of resume experts agree on is that you should NOT add a list of references to your resume . 

Because, generally, the HR department doesn’t have time to go through every candidate’s list of references. They have a lot more important things to do than reach out to all the references every single candidate ever provided.

That’s why references aren’t requested until after your interview has gone well or right before you are hired.

But here’s the thing: 

That’s not an unshakable no.

If the job description explicitly states that you should include references on your resume, without question, include one! 

This is very straightforward on its own, you’ll know when you see it. 

Some consulting firms, for example, tend to ask for testimonials on your performance from previous employers before they hire you. 

In this case, it's best if you do include the contact information of the people providing you with their positive feedback, so the HR can check how legitimate they are.

Bottom line: 

Every word on your resume should be full of value and quality. References add unnecessary space. Insert them only when required or if you’re asked to submit testimonials.

Want to save time? Get your resume done in under 5 minutes, with our resume builder . Quick and simple, ready-made templates that will do all the work for you.  

How to List References on a Resume [+ Example]

Now, let’s say you’re requested to provide a list of references. 

What’s the best way to display it? 

• Reference's First Name & Last Name - Tim Borden
• Professional Position / Title - Marketing Coordinator
• Name of the Reference's Company - Zen Corporation
• Business Address - Blaine Ave
• City, State, Zip of Company - Atlantic City, NJ, 07030
• Phone Number of Reference - (600) 753 9216
• Email Address of Reference - [email protected]

It’s best to stay ahead of the game. 

Keeping a list of possible references is something that should be done in advance, even when you’re not looking for a job. 

When you’re searching for a new position, you want to have a list of several names to contact. 

You wouldn’t want to struggle coming up with good fits on short notice, would you? 

Here are some more tips to keep in mind: 

You should always start your list with your biggest fan first : your most important and impressive reference. 

And no, this shouldn’t be your mom. Instead, you’d want your previous boss to vouch for you. 

Busy employers may not contact all of your references, but they will likely start at the top of the list. Glowing recommendations shouldn’t be left last!

What’s more, it’s important to clarify your relationship . 

It’s crucial to include what your working relationship to the reference is and how long you’ve known them for. 

But do not overshare . Don’t add more than the items we mentioned on the list unless required. 

And never include the personal mail addresses of your references for two reasons:

They will surely not be contacted via snail mail. 

And they might not want all of their personal information shared. 

Last, but not least:

Choose your references appropriately. 

Always choose the best references for the specific job under consideration. 

Let’s say you want to assert your marketing skills. In this situation, you could seek references from a former boss who can attest to that. Somebody like the Head of Marketing or Chief Marketing Officer . 

How to Format a Resume References Section 

Learning how to arrange a reference section is just as vital as other sections of your resume or cover letter. 

A messy, carelessly formatted reference page will lose your employer's interest. 

So how do you write one that’s eye-catching and professional?

First, put your references on a separate sheet . Add an exclusive reference page, as the last page of your resume. 

Keep the same format for your reference sheet as your resume and cover letter, meaning use the same font, margins, and color scheme. 

• Start off at the very top with your name, address, and phone number. You should place this information on that side of the page that fits the look of your cover letter and resume. (left, right or in the middle).
• Next, write the date. Then start with your employer's information in this specific order: name, job position, company name, and company address.
• Finally, follow up with a preferred title/subtitle: name the section References or Professional References .

If you’ve included personal references as well, you could also add “Personal References” as a subtitle. 

Use the formatting we discussed in the previous section to list your references.

Ditch the common “References available upon request”. 

This is a frequent mistake. Employers formerly know this and it’s an overworked phrase. The general rule of thumb is to keep your resume as brief as possible. Why misuse the space? 

How Many References Should You Include in Your Resume? 

Though there really isn’t a written rule anywhere about how many references you should include, the most fitting number would be three to five . 

Based on your career level though, there is a general division of two groups:

Regular and/or first-time job seekers , should usually provide 3 to 4. 

Whereas people applying for senior roles should include a longer list: about 5 to 7 references. 

In that case, it’s sufficient to list one reference for all the different points in your professional record. 

Who is a Good Reference For Your Resume? 

It’s important that all the references in your resume are all deliberately selected individuals . 

Everyone’s aunt thinks that they are special, but what does your previous manager think about your work ethic?

To figure out who’s a good reference for you, you should take personal experience into consideration: that means what stage in your career you’re currently in. 

Because you’d list different people at different points in your career. 

If you are a student or recent graduate with little to no work practice, you would want to get references from:

• Guidance tutors or counselors
• Course teachers and professors 

Any of these people can speak positively about your best skills, qualities, and experiences. 

When you have some professional background, however, even at an entry-level position , you have more variety in selecting a good reference. 

You could use former colleagues or managers as well as project , master , doctorate supervisors from your most current studies. 

If you are a professional candidate , this process becomes simpler as your preferred references will be more acquainted with giving and requesting references. 

• If you don’t have a lot of professional references to count on, you can reach out to just about anyone that can provide you with a valuable character reference.
• If a friend works in the company you are applying to, you could also use them as a reference.

Other important things you should consider:

• Ask for permission and say thank you. Fill in your references before handing over their contact information to an eventual employer. It’s solely common courtesy. Send them a copy of your resume as well, so that both of you are in harmony for when the manager calls. Don’t forget to be grateful either. If you get the job, take them out on lunch to properly say thank you. Follow up, a little acknowledgment can go a long way! 
• DO NOT use family members. This is unconventional and discouraged. The people you use as references should be unrelated to you, in a familial sense. Of course, our mothers have countless nice things to say about us, but their opinion isn’t relevant on a resume. It might also appear as though you don’t have enough people to vouch for you. 
• Avoid people you’ve confronted. Be careful in not adding individuals you are or have once been in professional conflict with. You can never be too sure if they’re still holding a grudge against you. Play it safe. 
• Make sure they are comfortable. Especially if they’re a person you are currently still working with, confirm they are okay with you searching for a new job. If you’re trying to keep it a secret from your employer though, it’s best not to ask a current coworker at all. You can never know for certain how ethical or pleased with your success one is. 

In the end, the basic point of a reference is for the employers to get a true reflection of your work ethics, background, character, and personality. 

Find people who can properly display all of the above for you.

3+ Good & Bad Resume Reference Sheet Examples

So many rules! 

But don’t worry - we have some great examples for you to help put them into practice: 

GOOD EXAMPLE:

MY BEST AND FAVORITE REFERENCE - inappropriate title 

Martha Payne - a family member as a reference 

2809 Candlelight Drive - including home address

870-294-1238 - wrong listing order, the reference phone number should be second to last

Nursing Assistant - unrelated to your industry or position

Newlife Hospital

4164 Fittro Street 

Lurton, AR, 72848

[email protected]

Martha is my auntie. She’s not only a well-respected member of the community but a remarkable nurse. She was the one who raised me and I consider her my mother. She knows me better than anybody else and I couldn’t have chosen a better person to speak of my character. - prolonged and unprofessional description 

References available upon request - overused unnecessary phrase

• providing them only one reference 

Key Takeaways

Here’s a recap of what we learned in this post:

• References ARE NOT supposed to be on your resume. So when in doubt, DON’T include a list to your resume. 
• On rare occasions though, references may be added on a resume. If you decide to do so, put your list on a separate sheet. Don’t forget to match it to the style of your cover letter and resume.
• Be intelligent with your reference choices. Your number of references should correspond to your career stage. Put your most glowing references on the top. Selected those who are closest to your line of work. Avoid people you’ve ever had professional conflicts with.
• Be diplomatic. Always ask for permission before listing them as references. Email them a copy so that you’re both on the same page. Don’t forget to thank them afterward. 
• Use the correct formatting. List your references precisely as we showed you in this guide. There’s a definite, proper way to arrange entries and the structure of the page itself - don’t contradict it. Use the examples we gave you as a guide.

Suggested readings:

• How to Write a Resume & Land That Job? [21+ Examples]
• What to Put On a Resume [7+ Job-Winning Sections]
• CV vs. Resume - What are the Differences & Definitions [+ Examples]

To provide a safer experience, the best content and great communication, we use cookies. Learn how we use them for non-authenticated users.

How to List References on a Resume in 2024 (with Examples & Tips)

In this guide, we will cover everything you need to know about including references on a resume, from how to format them to how to know when they should be included at all.

Beautiful resume templates to land your dream job

Should I Put References on a Resume?

The answer to whether or not to put references on your resume can vary. 

The general rule of thumb when is actually to not include references on your resume .

This is because employers are unlikely to reach to references until the interview phase, making the inclusion of them on an initial resume typically unnecessary.

This does not mean that there are never scenarios in which you will need to know how to properly list references.

For specific jobs and in certain situations, you may be asked or required to include a list of references within or alongside your resume. 

When you need strong references, it's important to structure them so that they stand out and impress the hiring manager, landing you the pivotal interview. 

In this guide, we will be covering the basics of how listing references on your resumes and when to know it’s time to use references.

Plus, we will discuss alternatives to sending references that can help you in situations where sending a reference may be a difficult task. 

How to List References on a Resume

When it comes to listing references on a resume, there are two main ways you can go about it:

1) Make a Dedicated Reference Section

Making a dedicated reference section involves making the space on your existing resume to include a short section with information on your references.

2) Create a Separate Reference Page (recommended)

More often than not, job applicants who have chosen to include references on their resume will do so on an entirely separate page to be included with the resume. 

The second option of listing your references on a separate page is actually the preferred and recommended method.

This is because references are not generally expected to be included on an initial resume and can take up unnecessary space that may be off-putting to hiring managers.

Comparatively, a separate page of references gives the hiring manager the opportunity to look more closely at the information in the resume without becoming visually disoriented by too many sections.

Hint: Not sure how to list other sections of your resume? Check out our Resume Guides to learn more about how to craft each section of your resume. 

When to Put References on a Resume

So, if it is typically not expected to have references included on an initial resume, when is the best time to include references on a resume?

Creating a reference section or page can be necessary depending on a number of situations, including:

• If the employer has specifically requested for references to be included in the job description
• If you have progressed further down the hiring process and have been asked to provide references before or after an interview
• If you are applying to governmental or institutional position, such as a federal job, that will require strong references and a background check

Quick Tip: If you have impressive references, such as a company CEO or another recognizable figure, be sure to make these the most noticeable references and the first ones you list in your reference section. 

Overall, the golden rule is to wait to provide references until they are requested.  

Examples of References on Resumes

Let’s take a look at a few examples of references on resumes to learn more about common mistakes made when crafting a reference and how to correct them. 

It is highly important to include the necessary information to contact a reference – just a name and company is not enough. You should always include at least an official business number and an official business email in your references. 

John Doe CEO of Doe Corporation  123 Avenue Way, New York, NY

John Doe CEO of Doe Corporation 123 Avenue Way (123) 456-9890 [email protected] 

Always be specific when including the reference’s job position or title.

Don’t just list the name of the company without the exact job title to go along with it.

If you are unsure of a reference’s job title, ask them before submitting your references to an employer. 

Jane Smith Works for corporate at Best Buy 42 Wallaby Way (123) 456-7890 [email protected]

Jane Smith Head of Marketing and Sales Best Buy 42 Wallaby Way (123) 456-7890 [email protected]

‍ How to Format a References Section on a Resume

Formatting a reference section will ultimately depend on if it is being created within a larger resume or separately on a different page.

For on-resume reference sections, it is important to keep them as short as possible, potentially even excluding some of the basic information. 

If you are including references directly on a resume, you will likely only want to include one or two of your most relevant and impressive ones in order to not take up too much space. 

When making a separate page for references, you can simply stack them as you would jobs in a work experience section , placing emphasis on relevance in how the references are ordered. 

The Basic Reference Format:

• First and Last name
• Position or Title (i.e. CEO, professor of law, etc.)
• Company or University of Employment
• Company or University Address ( not personal addresses)
• Company or University Phone number
• Company or University Email Address

It is important when writing out your references that you do not include personal information about the reference, such as a personal cellphone number or email, without their explicit permission.

It is best to just air on the side of caution and only include official and public contact information. 

There is, of course, optional additional information you may want or choose to include within a reference.

This can include:

• Your relationship to the reference
• The length of time you worked with this reference
• Examples of experiences or projects that you and a reference shared work on that they can provide greater detail about

As for formatting the rest of your resume, don’t forget to check out our other guides in this series including How to Write the Perfect Resume and How to Choose the Correct Resume Format !

What Not to Include in a Reference on a Resume

We have already covered the basics of what to include and how to format a basic reference – but what kind of information should be excluded from a reference on a resume. 

Here is a quick breakdown of what kinds of information should be excluded from a reference:

• Any personal information
• Lengthy descriptions of your relationship to the reference
• Personal anecdotes or other non-essential information
• Too many references from the same company or employer

You ultimately want to provide concise references that are easy to ready quickly and clearly show why that person has been included as a reference.

Take a look at these two examples on correcting reference errors:

When including additional information, keep it to one line or less of the most relevant information.

Additionally, keep additional specific and don’t use vague wording such as “several years.”

Incorrect :

Jack Frost CEO of Frost Inc. 21 East Avenue (123) 456-7890 [email protected] I worked closely with Jack for a number of years and learned a lot from him that contributed to my skills today. 

Jack Frost CEO of Frost Inc. 21 East Avenue (123) 456-7890 [email protected] I worked as Mr. Frost’s personal and administrative assistant for 8 years.

When making your list of references you plan of including, it is important to not include too many from the same company.

You should only really include two references from the same company if each reference witnessed different skills or accomplishments of yours that the other did not. 

You worked at a corporate company in the communications department as a copywriter, and you have worked with both junior and senior level copywriters who you have included as references.  

You include only the senior copywriter as a reference, as they can better attest to your skills and their position is more impressive and relevant to the job you are seeking. 

How Many References to Add to a Resume

Assuming you are using a separate, dedicated references page, the ideal number of references to aim for is between 3 to 4.

In some cases, you may include up to 5 to 6 references, though generally you should limit yourself to a lower number unless specifically requested to do otherwise. 

When selecting your 3 to 4 references, it is important to keep a few factors in mind:

• Which references hold the highest prestige in their positions, making their inclusion on a references page notable?
• Which references can provide the most relevant information about your work ethic and skills for the job you are currently applying for?
• Which references do you have the strongest relationships with who will go above and beyond to recommend you to a hiring manager?

Who to Ask for References

As you are creating your list of potential references to contact, there are a number of different types of people you can consider including.

It is important to keep in consideration how a reference can relate back to the job you are applying for, and whether their testimony of your work ethic and skills will be relevant enough for the desired position. 

Here are some common examples of who to include as references:

• Former employer or manager
• Supervisor or low-level management
• Coworker, colleague, or team member
• College professor
• Internship supervisor 
• Community member (typically used when a job applicant has limited references but has connections within the community who can validate their experience and skills)
• Business partners (this can be anyone you worked on a project with or shared a similar business experience with)

How to Ask for a Reference

Asking for professional references can be a bit nerve-wrecking, especially if your references are busy people.

The key to asking for references is to be polite and concise in your request. A direct phone call is preferred for asking for references, but a quick email can work in a pinch as well. 

When asking someone to serve as a reference for you, it is important to be considerate of their potentially busy schedule and give them a good time frame for when to expect a call or email.

This is another reason why it is important to wait to provide references until requested, as it will give you a narrower window of time to give to your references of when they will need to be on the lookout a hiring manager to contact them. 

Quick Tip: When you call or email to ask for a reference, this is a great time to confirm that the information you have is correct (such as their specific title and business phone number).

Can People You Have a Personal Relationship with Be a Reference?

It is generally advised against to include references that have a strong personal relationship with you outside of work (such as a significant other, parent, or sibling) as this can result in a biased recommendation from the reference. 

However, exceptions can be made in certain instances, such as if you worked within a family-owned business or if the reference worked directly with you for a long period of time.

In general, however, try to avoid including references that are too personally related to you. 

Alternative Methods for Sending References

If you are a new graduate or are returning to the workforce after some time away, you may not have many recent professional references to include in a resume.

For recent grads, including one or two professors can be acceptable, but you will likely still need other references.

Here are some examples of alternative references when you lack strong professional ones:

• Volunteers you have worked with
• Professors or teachers who have recently taught you
• Community members such as church pastors or mentors who can attest to your character

Final Takeaways

Ultimately, the key to doing references right is to wait to provide them until they are requested by a hiring manager or potential employers.

Once references have been requested, remember the following five takeaways that are key for rocking your reference section:

• Create a separate and dedicated references page to go along with your resume
• Provide all the necessary official contact information
• Avoid including personal information of the reference’s 
• Avoid including references who share too personal of a connection to you
• Include the most relevant or impressive references at the top of the page

To learn more about all the elements of creating a great resume, check out our beautiful resume template designs and resume examples for inspiration!

Browse more resume templates that fit your role

Get inspired with more resume examples

Read our how-to guides on making your resume perfect, how to list contact information on your resume in 2024.

Learn how to format contact information on your resume and what information to share with the hiring manager.

How to Write The Perfect Resume in 2024 (With Examples)

The ultimate guide to learn how to quickly create a resume utilizing best practices to help you land your next job.

How to Write Your Resume in Reverse-Chronological Order

When setting out to write the perfect resume, choosing a format is an important decision. Reverse-chronological resumes are the standard format, so knowing how to craft one is key! This guide will teach you how to write the best reverse chronological resumes.

How to List Accomplishments on a Resume in 2024 (Including Awards & Key Achievements)

Showcasing your achievements is what can be the cherry on the cake to help you stand out from the crowd as a top performer and really attract employers.

More advice that will accelerate your career path

See how this college student landed 5 internships.

Learn essential strategies to land your first, second, or even fifth internship as a college student.

Are Cover Letters Necessary in 2024?

Do you really need a cover letter? Will a hiring manager actually read it? Let's find out why a cover letter is more important than ever.

20+ Key Marketing Skills to List on Your Resume in 2024 (With Examples)

Being a marketer requires you to have many skills and proficiencies. In this guide, we will provide you with 20 of the best marketing skills to include on a resume. Plus, we will cover formatting and how to improve your marketing skills!

20+ Key Computer Skills to List on Your Resume in 2024 (With Examples)

With the world becoming more digitally focused, having strong computer skills is more important than ever. In this guide, we will cover what computer skills are and which ones are best to include on your resume.

Professional resume templates to help land your next dream job.

Facebook • Twitter • Linkedin • Pinterest • Crunchbase

How to Write a Resume Reference List With Examples

Quick Navigation:

What is a resume reference list?

How to choose resume references, resume reference list template, resume reference list examples.

Few interviewers will ask you to submit resume references as part of the application process, but you can have one prepared and ready to submit when they do request it. Most employers ask for your references after an initial phone screening or onsite interview if they’re considering you for the position. No matter when employers ask for your references, it’s best to have a list prepared that includes at least three reliable contacts who are willing to provide insight on you as an employee or colleague and highlight your best professional attributes. In this article, you can learn what a resume reference list is and how to request references.

A reference list is a document that applicants present along with their resume to an employer that provides the contact information for your professional references. If a company is considering you for a position, the employer will probably contact your references to ask questions about your job performance, reliability, whether former employers would rehire you and other relevant information. The answers will help the employer determine whether or not they want to move ahead in the hiring process with you.

Follow these steps to begin writing your reference list:

1. First, decide how many references to include in your reference list

While some employers may specify the number of references they’d like to see, others will not. In the latter case, think about where you are in your career. If you’re attempting to enter the job market for the first time, three references are enough, but if the role you are applying for is higher up, such as a supervisory or executive role, you can include a larger number of references from different points in your career. Be sure to follow any guidelines the employer gives you during the selection process. 

2. Next, choose your best professional contacts to list as references

When deciding on who to include as references, consider former colleagues or supervisors who can validate your skills and qualifications, as well as your reliability and trustworthiness as an employee. Try to list people who are prepared to speak about the talents specific to the job you’re applying for. When deciding who to list as a professional reference, check with them first to ensure that they are willing to be a good reference. Only include people you are comfortable with knowing you are looking for a new job, especially if you currently work with or for them. 

The following people tend to be the best references:

• Academic advisors
• Former employer

3. Then, ask your professional contacts to be your references

As mentioned above, it is important to ask your contacts if they are willing to provide a reference before you submit their names. This is a common courtesy, as many people prefer to keep their contact information as confidential as possible. You also want to make sure they’re comfortable providing a reference for you. Checking with your references also allows time for them to expect a call from the employer and prepare what they want to say about you with examples and specific praises. 

4. Last, decide how and when to submit your list of references

As a rule, do not send your reference list with your application unless it is requested on the job posting or the hiring manager requests references along with your resume. Typically, you can wait until the hiring manager requests the list. Knowing that they will ask for your references allows you to feel free to remove ‘references available upon request’ from your resume.

People typically choose to list references in reverse chronological order, beginning with the person they worked with most recently, though some people choose to order the list based on which person knows them best. 

Here is one example you can follow to format your resume reference list: 

Reference contact information:

Name Title or position Company Company address Reference phone number Reference email address

Description: Include where you worked with this reference, when you worked together and your working relationship.

Lea Martin Sales Director Eagle Crest Advertising, LLC 4747 Main St. Austin, TX 78701 555-555-5555 [email protected]

Lea was my direct supervisor while I worked as a regional sales manager for Eagle Crest Advertising, LLC from 2013 to 2018.

Joann McDonald Professor, Cooley School of Business The University of Texas at Austin 1268 Delaware Avenue Austin, TX 78712 555-555-5555 [email protected]

Dr. McDonald was my professor for several business courses I completed to earn my MBA from the University of Texas, Austin.

Your reference list should include your contact information in the header using the same theme, look and feel as your resume, using the same fonts and matching colors. This allows your list of references and your resume to look more professional and consistent.

When you get hired at your new position, make sure to reach out to thank your contacts for providing references that assisted you in finding a new job. This can be a quick phone call, handwritten note or email. Showing your gratitude to these connections is not only common courtesy, it will ensure that you remain in the good graces of your contacts.

How to List References on a Resume (Templates Included)

Mike Simpson 0 Comments

By Mike Simpson

Let’s face facts; writing a resume isn’t always easy. You have to choose the best resume format , discuss the right skills , cover critical achievements, and so much more, all in just a couple of pages. Then, if you need to fit references on a resume, too, it can quickly become overwhelming.

Does that mean you need to panic? Of course not. We’ve got you.

Here’s a look at the right way to list references on a resume, as well as a look at what professional references are, mistakes you want to avoid, and a handy references “template” to get you started on the correct path.

What Are Professional References?

Alright, before we dig into how to list references on a resume, let’s talk about what professional references are in the first place. In the simplest sense, professional references are people who know you through the lens of your career. They’re professionals you have working relationships with, either currently or previously, so they can talk about what you’re like on the job.

Hiring managers value professional references. Why? Because they help them get a better idea of what working with you is like. It really is that simple.

However, it can also go further. Contacting professional references lets the hiring manager confirm some of the details on your resume. That’s right; it’s an honesty check, too.

So, why would you include references on a resume? Isn’t that a less common thing to do today?

It is true that adding references to your resume isn’t the norm, but that doesn’t mean you’ll never need to do it. While 80 percent of employers will call your references during that hiring process, 16 percent of those actually reach out to a candidate’s references before they invite them in for interviews.

What does that mean for you? Well, mainly, that knowing how to list references on a resume is a good idea. That way, if you find an excellent opportunity with a company that wants your professional references from the get-go, you’ll be ready.

Common Mistakes When Listing References on a Resume and How to Avoid Them

As with all parts of a resume, avoiding missteps is crucial. Even small errors can derail your chances of getting called in for an interview or landing the job, so you really do need to dedicate time and energy to making sure everything is right.

So, what’s one of the biggest mistakes you can make when putting references on a resume? Well, putting a fake one on the list is a doozy.

A fake professional reference? What on earth is that? Well, usually, it’s when a person lists a contact who they have no professional relationship with and then asks that person to lie to make them look good. At times, it means listing a contact that doesn’t actually exist, including a made-up name, company, phone number, email address, and more. Yes, for some reason, candidates sometimes try that.

Dishonesty is always a big no-no. Why? Because if you get caught – and the odds are pretty good that you will – it will probably cost you. Overall, about 65 percent of candidates who get busted in a lie either don’t get the job or get fired if they were selected and start in the role. Who wants to take that kind of risk?

Plus, if word gets out that you lied, that can haunt you. Remember, people talk, so there is always a chance that the hiring manager will let others know about your less-than-scrupulous behavior.

Is that the only misstep? No, it isn’t. Selecting the wrong references is another one.

When you pick people to ask to reference, you need to choose wisely. First, you want people where there is a professional connection. Past managers, colleagues, mentors, customers, and similar professionals are your best bets.

Generally, don’t list friends unless the company explicitly requests that kind of personal reference. Hiring managers won’t necessarily find much value in these references.

The same goes for family members unless you have a working relationship. For example, if you had a job in the family business, then including a family member may be okay. Otherwise, skip them.

Second, you want to choose people who have good things to say about you in a professional context. Listing a past manager or colleague who you didn’t get along with is a horrible idea. They might not have the kindest words to share, and that can keep you from getting the job.

Ideally, they can discuss an accomplishment that really highlights what you have to offer, as well as talk about workplace attitude in a glowing way. You want someone who can champion your awesomeness, ensuring the hiring manager gets the right idea about what you bring to the table.

Finally, whatever you do, don’t have any references listed on a resume that’s publicly accessible. If you do, you’re essentially broadcasting other people’s contact details, opening them up to unwanted calls, including scams. While it may not directly hurt your job search, it is a major faux pas, one that could harm your reputation with your references and make them less inclined to say nice things about you going forward.

How to List References on a Resume

Alright, now it’s time for what you’ve been waiting for: a close look at how to put references on a resume. If you want to make sure you get it right, here is a step-by-step approach that covers it all.

1. Ask Permission

Why is “ask permission” step one? Because you should never blindside someone by listing them without their knowledge, that’s why.

Being someone’s professional reference is a favor, as well as a big responsibility. Some people aren’t going to be comfortable with being put on the spot, particularly if they don’t know a hiring manager might come calling.

So, before you include anyone as a reference on your resume, pick up the phone, give them a call, and make sure they are cool with it. Then, accept their answer.

Typically, you’ll want to get permission from three contacts. Why three? Because that’s the most commonly requested number of professional references. By getting them all handled now, you’ll usually be able to provide everything the hiring manager needs in this department in one fell swoop.

2. Get Updated Contact Information

Once you have a person’s permission, ask them to provide updated contact information. Usually, you’ll need their current job title, employer’s name, employer’s address, a daytime phone number, and an email address.

3. Start a New Page

When you’re adding a reference list to your resume, you want to start it on a new page. Additionally, it shouldn’t be any longer than a single page, as anything more is a bit excessive at such an early step in the hiring process.

It’s also important to note that your reference list will typically be the last page of the resume document. However, make sure you check the instructions for applying as some hiring managers will want them submitted as a separate document, not unlike how you usually need to go with cover letters .

4. Add Your Contact Information

Since your professional references are on a separate page, you want to add your contact details at the top. That way, if the page gets separated from the rest, the hiring manager will know whose references they are.

4. Keep It Simple

A professional reference list isn’t embellished. All you need to do is to write a header explaining that these are your professional references and then include the contact details for each person in succession, with a clear division between each person’s info.

Along with adding a space between each one, consider bolding the contacts’ names. That helps each listing stand out, and it looks much better than numbering your reference list.

5. Choose the Right Order

When you need to decide which reference to list first, go with the person who is most likely to give you an exceptional recommendation. Hiring managers may not reach out to everyone. So, by leading with the best, you’re increasing the odds that that reference will get a call.

6. Add a Short Statement Outlining Your Relationship

Along with the person’s contact details, it isn’t a bad idea to add a quick note about your relationship with each reference. That lets the hiring manager know a little about why they should care about what this person has to say, so it doesn’t hurt to do it.

What should you write? Well, mention the kind of working relationship you had, where you were working at the time, and how long you knew them. For example, “My direct manager at ABC Company from 2018 to 2022” is enough to provide the hiring manager with some context.

References on a Resume Sample

Alright, if you really want to know how to list references on a resume, a resume references example is a good place to start. It’ll give you insights into the format, making it easier for you to follow along.

To give you even more information, we’re going to cover two. First, there’s a references on a resume sample that shows you exactly what each entry needs to look like. Second, there’s a handy template that you can use when you’re creating a resume.

Resume References Example

Here is what a single professional reference entry usually looks like on a resume:

123 Main Street

Anytown, State, 12345

555-555-5555

[email protected]

My direct manager at XYZ, Inc. from 2018 to 2022

Resume References Template

Here’s a quick template for creating your reference page for a resume:

Your Address as Listed on Page One of Your Resume

Your Phone Number

Your Email Address

Section Heading, Usually “Professional References”

First Reference Name

City, State, Zip Code

Phone Number

Email Address

Relationship Description

Second Reference Name

Third Reference Name

Putting It All Together

At this point, you should have a solid idea of how to list references on a resume. Use all of the tips, the sample, and the template to your advantage. That way, if you ever need to include professional references as part of your resume, you’ll be good to go.

Co-Founder and CEO of TheInterviewGuys.com. Mike is a job interview and career expert and the head writer at TheInterviewGuys.com.

His advice and insights have been shared and featured by publications such as Forbes , Entrepreneur , CNBC and more as well as educational institutions such as the University of Michigan , Penn State , Northeastern and others.

Learn more about The Interview Guys on our About Us page .

About The Author

Mike simpson.

Co-Founder and CEO of TheInterviewGuys.com. Mike is a job interview and career expert and the head writer at TheInterviewGuys.com. His advice and insights have been shared and featured by publications such as Forbes , Entrepreneur , CNBC and more as well as educational institutions such as the University of Michigan , Penn State , Northeastern and others. Learn more about The Interview Guys on our About Us page .

Copyright © 2024 · TheInterviewguys.com · All Rights Reserved

• Our Products
• Case Studies
• Interview Questions
• Jobs Articles
• Members Login

• See All Courses >
• SUCCESS STORIES

• GET YOUR FREE LINKEDIN HEADLINE SCORE >>

• GET YOUR FREE RESUME SCORE >>

• GENERATE YOUR JOB-WINNING COVER LETTER >>

• FIND ANY CONTACT’S EMAIL ADDRESS >>

• ResyMatch.io Scan and score your resume vs. any target job.
• ResyBuild.io Build a job-winning resume using proven templates and advice.
• CoverBuild.io Have AI generate a personalized, job-winning cover letter in
• HeadlineAnalyzer.io Transform your LinkedIn headline into a job-generating machine.
• ResyBullet.io Scan, score, and upgrade your resume bullets.
• Mailscoop.io Find anyone’s professional email address in seconds.
• The Job Search Email Playbook Our 100+ page guide to writing job-winning emails.
• Value Validation Project Starter Kit Everything you need to create a job-winning VVP.
• No Experience, No Problem Learn how to change careers with no experience.
• The Interview Preparation System A proven system for job-winning interview prep.
• The LinkedIn Launch Formula A proven system for six-figure success on LinkedIn.
• See All Blog Posts Check out all of our job search articles & posts.
• HeadlineAnalyzer.io Scan your LinkedIn Headline and turn it into a job-generating machine.
• LinkedIn Profile Optimization Our comprehensive guide to optimizing your LinkedIn profile.
• LinkedIn Headlines Learn how to write a crazy-effective LinkedIn headline.
• LinkedIn Profile Picture Learn how to create a job-winning LinkedIn profile picture.
• LinkedIn About Section Write a job-winning About section (with examples!)
• LinkedIn Cover Photos Learn how to create a job-winning LinkedIn cover photo.
• GET YOUR FREE LINKEDIN HEADLINE SCORE >>
• ResyMatch.io Scan your resume and turn it into a job-generating machine.
• ResyBuild.io Build a beautiful, job-winning resume using recruiter-approved templates.
• Resume Examples Check out example resumes for a range of job titles and industries.
• How To Write A Resume Learn how to write a resume that actually wins job offers.
• Resume Summaries Our guide on writing a job-winning resume summary.
• Resume Tips & Action Words 175+ tips & examples to supercharge your resume.
• GET YOUR FREE RESUME SCORE >>
• CoverBuild.io Use our tool to generate a personalized, job-winning cover letter in
• Cover Letter Examples Check out example cover letters for a range of job titles and industries.
• How To Write A Cover Letter Learn how to write a cover letter that actually wins job offers.
• Cover Letter Templates Check out our proven, job-winning cover letter templates.
• Addressing A Cover Letter Learn how to start a cover letter the right way.
• GENERATE YOUR JOB-WINNING COVER LETTER >>
• Mailscoop.io A tool to help you find anyone’s professional email in seconds.
• How To Get A Job Without Applying Online Our flagship guide for effective job searching in today’s market.
• How To Network Our comprehensive guide on learning how to network.
• Tips For Better Networking Emails 6 tips for writing networking emails that actually get results.
• What To Ask In An Informational Interview 10 great questions to ask during a networking conversation.
• FIND ANY CONTACT’S EMAIL ADDRESS >>
• How To Prepare For Interviews Our proven preparation framework for turning more interviews into offers.
• How To Create A Job-Winning Interview Presentation Learn our “silver bullet” Value Validation Project presentation strategy.
• Interview Questions & Answer Examples Job-winning example answers for common interview questions.
• What To Wear To An Interview A simple guide to dressing for the job you want.
• How To Write A Job-Winning Thank You Note Learn how to write a post-interview thank you that wins job offers.

How To List Your Resume References [With Formatting Examples]

• LinkedIn 30
• Pinterest 4

“Hi there! This is Jennifer calling from Google. The team absolutely loved you and we'd like to move forward by contacting your resume references. Can you please send them along?”

SCORE! You  finally  made it, all that work is about to pay off.

You crafted the perfect resume and cover letter . You prepared for and absolutely crushed your interviews . You're SO close you can taste it!

There's only one thing left between you and that sweet, sweet offer — a reference check.

If you're thinking “this is in the bag,” you may want to slow your roll.

While your resume references are usually a formality, choosing the wrong people or presenting them the wrong way can throw up a red flag right as you're about to cross the finish line.

The good news is that if you follow a few simple rules and plan ahead, you'll knock this out of the park and be signing your offer letter in no time.

This post is going to cover everything you need to know about resume references, including:

• Why resume references can make or break your chances of getting a job offer
• Where to put your references (should they even be on your resume?)
• The best way to list and format your references in 2020
• What types of people make great references (and how to ask them)
• 10+ examples of awesome resume reference examples you can steal

You may be asking, who is this guy and why is he qualified to talk about this?

I spent two years making the jump from health care into technology, eventually landing offers at Google, Microsoft, & Twitter. All of those companies asked for my references and I used the exact methods I'm about to share with you to seal the deal with all three.

Now I want to share that info with you so you can replicate those results!

What Are Resume References And Why Are They Important?

A resume reference list is essentially a selection of people who can vouch for your professional skills and confirm that you’re an awesome employee this company should be excited about.

References usually come into play just before the company extends an offer. The team loved you in the interview and they just want to confirm that what you said lines up with other people you've worked with.

When it comes to actually checking, there's a pretty broad range.

Some companies don't bother checking references at all, while some might ask you to provide 5 or more.

You'd rather be fully prepared and burn a few extra minutes for nothing rather than be stuck scrambling to find an ex-colleague with a 24 hour turnaround time!

Should You Put Your References On Your Resume?

Nope! Your references should never show up your actual resume, here's why:

First, resume space is precious.

You just spent hours editing your resume and squeezing it down to a single page. You really don’t want to be wasting valuable space on your carefully edited resume by adding reference details.

On top of that, the company doesn’t need or want your references when you submit your resume. They're still trying to decide if you're even qualified to do the job!

A value driven resume bullet about a project you led is going to be way more effective than giving out your old boss's digits.

Plus, think about where you're submitting your resume. If you're sharing it on LinkedIn, on job boards like Indeed or Angel.co, you're putting up a billboard with people's information for everyone to see!

Your references may have your back now, but that might change if they start getting calls from Nigerian royalty who want to share their fortunes.

“Ok, so should I at least put a line that says ‘References available upon request'?”

Nope! It’s fully expected that you’ll provide references if the company requests them. Again, focus on selling yourself and your experience on your resume. We'll take care of your references in a new doc called your  Reference Sheet.

You're going to want to fire up a new Google Doc for your references, but the key here is to make sure you're staying consistent with your resume.

This means that you want to keep the same color scheme, structure, font, and general format on both documents:

You want to make sure that your reference sheet includes:

• Your full name
• Email address
• Phone number
• Link to your LinkedIn profile

You never know who this is going to be passed around to, so you want to make it easy for recruiters and hiring managers to know what candidate these references belong to.

Remember, your goal is to stand out — and paying attention to details on your reference sheet is a surefire way to make that happen.

How To List Your References On A Resume

Should be easy, right? We're just adding some names and contact info here…right?

Not so fast.

If you want to win more job offers, you need to capitalize on every opportunity to add value and control the process.

This means paying attention to detail and creating those opportunities through every step of the process. Listing your references is no different.

How To List And Format Your Resume References

Sure, we're going to drop in some contact information, but we're also going to leverage a tactic to help steer the conversation towards a specific project or result that we want the employer to know and your reference to talk about.

You want to make sure your reference format includes (in order):

• Company/Organization
• Phone Number
• Email Address
• Relationship + Relevant Context

It should look a little something like this:

Now, you probably knew about the contact info stuff, but most job seekers miss out on the relevant context piece.

When listing your references, you want to provide a specific detail about a project/initiative you worked on and  the results it drove.

Results = value, and value is what gets you hired.

This starts when you reach out to a potential reference. I have instructions and an email template you can use to ask people to be your reference below. When they agree, hop on the phone with them and walk through the game plan:

“Hey Jennifer, thank you so much for offering to be a reference. I really appreciate it! This is for an operations role and the company is focused on increasing productivity/efficiency. It would be great if you could talk them through the Axion project we worked on together where we reduced redundancies by 37% in 6 months!”

Guess what happens next? Your reference starts singing your praises and discussing how amazing that Axion project was and what a great job you did to drive those results.

That’s way better than a typical response like this:

“Uhh yea, I worked with Austin for a couple of years. We were on the same team, he's a nice guy and seems to do good work. Yea, sure, I'd recommend him.”

That showcases zero personality and doesn't do anything to boost your credibility. We want to avoid that at all costs!

Finally, you always want to make sure to lead with your best reference. The person who has the most to say should always be at the top of your list.

How Many Resume References Should You Have?

Most of the time, your interviewer/recruiter will tell you how many references you should provide. If that's the case, you're good!

If not, you can always ask to get a number from them. That will most likely be a range and it could be vague like,  “we'd love to talk to a few people who you've worked with.”

If they’re not super clear, it's up to you to decide!

My best recommendation is five people if you can swing it. Five references gives the employer choices while also illustrating that you have a solid range of people who you believe will stand up for you.

That said, not everyone has five references to put on their resume. If we're talking minimums, you need to have at least three references to share. We're about to chat through the types of people that make great references, so if you don't think you can make it to three, stick with me!

Finally, a major exception here is for senior roles. If you're going for C-Level or VP level roles, you'll probably want to provide a more robust set of references. Seven is a good ballpark here.

Everybody else can stick with five!

What Types Of People Make Good References?

There are a couple of basic questions to ask yourself when considering who to add to your resume references list:

• Who would be the best reference for this particular job?
• Who do I know that works in this industry?
• Who understands the exact skills I have that apply to this position?
• Who do I know with the most impressive job title?
• Who do I know at big-name companies?
• Who am I okay with knowing I’m looking for a new job? (Hint: Probably not your current boss)
• Who might my potential employer know and respect?

Think about it from the employer’s perspective — everyone wants to hire top talent.

The employer is using your references to validate your story and hear that same story from a 3rd party. In other words, they want to know that you are who you say you are.

They also want to know that your previous employers (and colleagues) liked you. Were you an over achiever? Did your team love you? Were you an awesome cultural fit?

Your potential employer cares about all of those things and the best way to find out is by asking.

If you can’t provide proof that folks enjoyed spending time with you, that you got your stuff done, and that you were a valuable asset, that's going to throw up some major red flags.

You've made it this far! We don't want that to happen.

Who Makes The Best References?

That said, your references don't just have to be former managers or colleagues. There are so many people we can pull from, here are few examples:

• Former managers
• Former colleagues (on your team and other teams as well!)
• People you volunteer with
• Friends & family friends
• Professors/teachers
• Mentees or students

You definitely want to prioritize people who have worked with you in a professional sense, but you can also get a glowing endorsement from people who see you in other aspects of your life. Those can be just as valuable.

It's also important to note that your references don’t need to all be of a “higher rank” than you. If you managed an intern, if you mentor someone, or if you teach in some capacity, you could absolutely have your intern/mentee/student vouch for you.

If you're in a management role, your best bet may be a direct report who can speak to your abilities as a manager!

Once you have your basic list down, try to think about who you know that is doing well for themselves, and whose job might lend a little credibility to your reference list. Especially consider people who are working in the same field as your prospective employer.

Definitely prioritize people who work in the same industry and major bonus points if they work for a potential client or partner — that's always a huge plus!

To recap on great reference options, you want to prioritize like this:

• People who have amazing things to say about you
• People who have worked with you professionally
• People whose position may add some extra credibility to your list

The first is a must, the second two are nice if you can get em.

How To Ask Someone To Be A Reference For You

Please, please, PLEASE don't be the person who just writes down a few people's names and  never tells them.

Even if “you know they'd be fine with it,” they will be totally unprepared to get that call and a flustered reference is a bad reference.

You're giving them no time to prepare, to get their story straight, to think about how to pitch you. You know who that ends up hurting?

On top of giving you a better shot of landing the role, asking people ahead of time is just the polite thing to do.

It also gives you a chance to verify their contact info, current job title, etc. so you can make sure your potential employer gets in touch with them the first time.

The good news is, it's super easy to make the ask. All you have to do is write a quick email asking that person to be a reference for you. Here’s an example of the exact email template that I used to reach out to people:

Resume References Permission Email Template Hi [Reference Name] , Hope you're having an awesome week! I'm reaching out because I'm in the final stages of the interview process for a  [Job Title]  role and I wanted to be prepared with some references. I really enjoyed the work we did on the [Project Name] and I would be super grateful if you would be up to speak with the hiring manager about the work we did there. If you're up for it, let me know! If not, that's totally fine. Either way, have an awesome rest of the week! Best, [Your Name]

Now hit Send!

Even if someone isn't up to be your reference, they'll probably still be flattered that you asked and it's a great way to reconnect.

Once you fire off a few of these and get responses, you’ll have a reference list ready to go!

How To Format Your Resume References

We already touched on formatting a little bit before, but I’ll just rehash the basics.

Rule #1: Match Your Resume & Reference Sheet Styles

Before you begin adding your references, you want to make sure your reference sheet matches the same style and format of your resume .

This means using the same colors, the same font, and the same general layout. If you scroll back near the top of this post, you can see an example of how I did this with an example resume and reference sheet.

Rule #2: Add Your Contact Info At The Very Top

Just like you did on your resume, you want to include your contact info at the very top. This includes:

• Your Full Name
• Links to any personal websites or portfolios

We want to make it as easy as possible for the recruiter or hiring manager to know which candidate is in front of them and how to get in touch.

Rule #3: Formatting Your Resume References

Alright, down to business! When it comes to each reference, there's a specific format you should follow.

First, you should list out the info for each reference in this order:

• Full name of your reference
• Current company/organization
• Your relationship + relevant context

I personally like to spice things up with the font . I'll use a heavy font weight for the name and maybe even bump the size up a notch.

Then I'll go with the standard weight for everything in the middle, and close out with an unbolded, light weight version of the font to describe the relationship and the context. Again, you can see this in action in the example I shared earlier in the post.

I would also make sure to find a way to differentiate between references. It may sound obvious, but using numbers before names, or adding an extra line break in between references will make it clear where one reference ends and the other begins.

Finally, make sure you proofread your resume references list before you send it to anyone. Using free tools like Grammarly will ensure you never accidentally send your list off with a spelling mistake or a grammatical error you'll be kicking yourself over.

Examples Of Resume References

Awesome! At this point, you should have a few amazing people in mind to list on your reference sheet.

You know the general rules of formatting, but we want to be absolutely sure that you get this right. Remember, that offer is so close you can taste it! Let's not screw things up now.

To help you get an idea of what to do (and what not to do), I'm going to share a few examples of  bad  resume references and  good  resume references:

Example #1:

Bad resume references (don’t use this).

What's wrong with this picture? A lot!

First, how is anyone supposed to know who this reference sheet belongs to? Was it Jenny that interviewed on Wednesday? Tom who came in yesterday? Who knows?

Without any contact information or details about you, your hiring manager is shooting in the dark. That's not great.

On top of that, there's a lot missing from the references themselves.

First, the formatting is entirely the same. It's just a block of text with no real way to easily identify roles, relationships, contact info, etc.

Speaking of info, where's the detail? There are no phone numbers (the primary way people will contact your references). There are no job titles and there is zero context about the relationship beyond “former manager.” Also bad.

Here’s another example of some terrible resume references:

Example #2:

Bad resume references (don’t use this either).

This one looks better, but we've still got some issues.

First, the prioritization is all wacky. This person is leading off with a friend while their current colleague is buried down at the bottom. That's not a great look.

What if they only decide to contact the top three references? They'd get a friend, a teacher, and someone who managed this person when they were an intern. That's not gonna work.

Next, there's little to no context here. What company is Luke Walker a colleague at? Is it a current company? A former company?

What projects did you work on with these people or how did they impact you?

There's nothing to clarify why this person listed them, which leaves the whole conversation up to the person making the call. That can lead to a seriously awkward conversation or, at best, one where they really need to dig to get the info they want.

Your goal is to make it easy for the person calling!

Example #3:

A great example of how you should list your references (definitely do this).

Boom! Look how awesome that is.

We've got our full name and all of our contact info right at the top. The reader immediately knows who we are, they can look us up if they need to, and our email/phone is available for any questions or feedback.

Our references are all broken out in a clear and clean fashion. Each person's title, company, and contact info are readily available and we've taken the opportunity to “drive” the conversation here with a few lines of context at the bottom. Note that we defined the relationship at the beginning of that context.

If you're not differentiating yourself at every step of the job search process, you're getting lost in a sea of applicants. Plus, all this extra detail will help you (and your references) build a rapport with your employer.

The example above shows the exact level of detail you need to add to your resume references list. If you use that as a guide and format your own reference sheet in a similar fashion, you'll be ready to go!

All you need to do now is find your people, shoot them a note asking if they'll vouch for you, and get your references sheet set up. You'll want to have it ready to go at that next interview!

Salary Negotiation: Preparing For The Final Offer

What's the last step in the interview process? The final offer letter. If you've made it this far, congratulations! You'll want to be prepared ahead of time by checking out my article on how to negotiate your salary during an interview.

I'll show you 3 simple negotiation tips that you can use to double your offer! While finding the courage to speak up about your salary and negotiating what you’re worth can be tough, it’s an absolute must. If you’re not negotiating your salary properly, you’re leaving tons of money on the table. Don't miss out on the opportunity to get paid what you're really worth!

• Connect on LinkedIn
• Follow me on Medium
• Follow me on Instagram

Austin Belcak

Austin is the founder of Cultivated Culture where he helps people land jobs without connections, without traditional experience, and without applying online. His strategies have been featured in Forbes, Business Insider, & Fast Company and has helped people just like you land jobs at Google, Facebook, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Twitter, & more.

LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply

You must be logged in to post a comment.

Most Popular Posts

YOU’VE SEEN AUSTIN IN

WHAT CAN I HELP WITH?

Welcome Back To Cultivated Culture!

Log into your Cultivated Culture account using one of the options below:

Forgot your password? Click here to reset.

Need a free acount? Click Here To Sign Up

By logging in, you agree to Cultivated Culture's Terms of Use , Privacy Policy , and agree to receive email updates.

One Free Account, Four Job-Winning Tools

Sign up for a free Cultivated Culture account and get access to all of our job search tools:

Your Bullet Score is:

Sign up for a free Cultivated Culture account to get the full breakdown of your bullet along with suggestions for improving it:

Sign Up To Save & Export Your Resume

Sign up to create, save, and export your resume and get access to our suite of job search tools!

Sign Up To Get More Free Email Searches

Create a free account to unlock more email searches and get access to all four of our job-winning tools:

Your Headline Score is:

Sign up for a free Cultivated Culture account to get the full breakdown of your headline along with suggestions for improving it:

Already have an acount? Click Here To Log In

We Just Need You To Verify Your Email.

We just emailed you a 6-digit code. Please check your email and enter it below.

Note: Your progress will not be saved until your email is verified. Closing this pop up or window might cause you to lose your progress.

Invalid Code

Choose one of the options below to get the verification code we sent you!

We'll need you to verify your email address before you're able to unlock free scans.

We'll need you to verify your email address before you're able to unlock free templates, saves, and exports.

We'll need you to verify your email address before you're able to unlock free email searches.

We sent a verification code to your email, all you have to do is paste that code here and submit to get full access!

Looks Like You Still Need To Verify Your Email Address!

Whoops! Looks like you still haven't verified your email address. We'll need you to do that before granting free, unlimited access to our tools.

If you can't find the original verification email, click the link below and we'll send a new one:

Sent! Please check your email.

Oops you've hit your credit limit..

Looks like you've used all 10 of your free credits for the month. Your credit limit will refresh in days. You can learn more about your credit limit here.

Want to stop worrying about credits?

Sign up for our Unlimited plan to get instance unlimited access to all of our jon search tools for one low price. Click below to learn more:

Go Unlimited!

Change plan.

Upgrade your plan to get unlimited access to all 5 of our offer-winning job search tools and 200 email searches / week:

Go Unlimited (& Save 10%)!

Upgrade to get unlimited access to our resume tools, 200 email searches / week, and 10% off our regular pricing thanks to your friend :

Your Unlimited plan comes with...

Unlimited access to all 5 of our resume tools

200 Mailscoop searches per week

No obligations - cancel any time

By clicking "Upgrade My Plan," you agree to Cultivated Culture's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

By clicking "Change Plan," you agree to Cultivated Culture's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Confirm Your Plan Change

Here is a summary of your plan change:

Current Plan:

Please note the following for plan changes:

Your new plan and rebill date will be effective immediately

The number above depict retail plan pricing, any adjustments or credits will be available in the Invoices section of your Billing tab

If you're moving to a lower cost plan, the difference will be credited to your account and applied towards your next payment

By clicking "Confirm Plan Change," you agree to Cultivated Culture's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Unlimited Plan Upgrade

Change payment method.

Promo code has been applied to your purchase!

Note: This is a monthly subscription, your card will be automatically charged every month until you cancel your plan.

Terms of Use | Privacy Policy

(C) 2024 Cultivated Culture

Note: You will not be charged for updating your credit card using this form. After your new card is added, you will be billed on the date of your next billing cycle.

Upgrade Complete!

You are officially a

Unlimited Member

Invoice Details

Paid Today:

Start Date:

Subscription:

Next Bill Date (Est.):

Note: This receipt and future invoices will be available in the Billing Tab of your Account Dashboard .

Do You Want To Secure Your Account?

Increase your account security with one of our multi-factor authentication options:

Choose An Authentication Method

Awesome! Let's make your account more secure.

Choose your preferred authentication method:

Text Message Authentication

Enter the phone number that you want to use to set up text-based authentication for your account:

Text Message Verification Code Sent!

Please check your phone for verification code and enter below:

Email Verification Code Sent!

Please check your email for verification code and enter below:

No problem, we'll skip this for now. Do you want us to remind you to secure your account?

It's great to have you. We just have a few questions so we can personalize your experience with our tools:

• I haven't applied to any jobs yet and I am not sure where to start
• I know what types of jobs I am looking for and I have started applying or I plan to start soon
• I have been applying to jobs for 3 months or longer, but haven't gotten the results I'd hoped for
• Get a job in the same industry I currently work in
• Switch careers and get a job in a new industry
• Get promoted at my current company
• Improve my resume
• Improve my cover letter
• Enhance my LinkedIn presence
• Find jobs that I am compatible with

• Career Blog

References on a Resume: When and How to Include Them

When it comes to crafting a winning resume, references can be a valuable tool. However, knowing when and how to include them can be a tricky process. In this article, we’ll explore the concept of references on a resume, why they are important, and provide useful tips for selecting the right references to make your job application stand out.

Definition and Purpose of References on a Resume

References are individuals who can vouch for your skills, achievements, and character. They serve as a kind of third-party review of your qualifications, offering a prospective employer the chance to get an outside perspective on your abilities.

On a resume, references are typically listed towards the end of the document, following your work history and education sections. Including references is not mandatory, but it is considered good practice when applying for jobs in fields such as government, academia or research.

Importance of Choosing the Right References

Choosing the right references can be a make-or-break factor in the application process. A good reference can boost your chances of landing the job, while a bad reference can significantly hinder your prospects.

When selecting your references, it’s important to choose individuals who are familiar with your work and can speak positively about your skills and character. It’s best to avoid selecting references who may have a personal bias against you or who do not have a strong understanding of your qualifications.

Overview of the Article

In this article, we’ll provide an in-depth guide to references on a resume. We’ll cover topics such as:

• The pros and cons of including references
• Best practices for selecting and contacting references
• How to format references on a resume
• Legal considerations for providing references
• Tips for handling bad or negative references

By the end of this article, you’ll have a solid understanding of how to include references on your resume and leverage them to enhance your job search process. So let’s dive in!

Who Should You Include as References?

When it comes to including references on your resume, it’s important to understand who you should include and why. A reference is someone who can vouch for your skills, work ethic, and character to a potential employer. They are typically contacted by the hiring manager or recruiter as part of the interview process.

There are different types of references that you can use, including professional references and personal references. Professional references are individuals you have worked with in a professional setting, such as former colleagues, supervisors, or clients. Personal references, on the other hand, are people who know you outside of work, such as friends, family members, or mentors.

When choosing the right references to include on your resume, it’s essential to consider the following factors:

Relevance: You want to select references who can speak to your qualifications for the job you are applying for. If the position requires specific skills or experience, choose references who can attest to your proficiency in those areas.

Reputation: Your references should be individuals who have a good reputation in their field and are well-respected. Their endorsement can carry weight with potential employers and help you stand out from other candidates.

Availability: Make sure that your references are willing and available to speak on your behalf. It’s a good idea to ask for their permission before including them on your resume.

Diversity: It’s best to have a mix of professional and personal references to provide a well-rounded picture of your character and work ethic.

Including references on your resume can be a valuable addition as long as they are chosen carefully. By selecting relevant, reputable, available, and diverse references, you can increase your chances of landing your dream job.

When to Include References on Your Resume

When it comes to including references on your resume, there are certain situations where it is required, and others where it is optional. However, there are also valid reasons to avoid including references altogether.

Situations where references are required

Some job postings specifically request that applicants provide a list of references with their application. This is especially common for positions that require a high level of trust or require working with vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, or individuals with disabilities. Additionally, government and security jobs may also require references for background checks.

Situations where references are optional

In many cases, references are not required but can still provide additional support for your candidacy. Including references can help demonstrate your professionalism, work ethic, and ability to cultivate positive relationships with previous colleagues or supervisors. If a job posting does not require references, it is generally acceptable to offer to provide them later in the hiring process, when they are specifically requested.

Reasons to avoid including references on your resume

There are valid reasons for avoiding including references on your resume altogether. Firstly, including references can take up valuable space on your resume that can be better used to highlight your skills and achievements. Secondly, if you provide references upfront and the hiring manager contacts them without first offering you the job, it can put your references in an awkward position, as they may not be comfortable discussing your candidacy with potential employers. Finally, some job seekers may be concerned about potential discrimination or bias from their references, particularly if they are unwilling to provide a positive reference for personal reasons.

Deciding whether or not to include references on your resume will depend on the specific job posting and your personal preferences. It is important to carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks before making your decision. Regardless of your choice, always ensure that you have a list of potential references prepared and that they are willing to act as a reference for you when needed.

How to Format References on Your Resume

Jobseekers often wonder where to include references on their resume. Including references on your resume can either make or break your candidacy, depending on how it is presented.

Where to include references on your resume:

Traditionally, references are no longer a required part of a resume. Hence, it is optional to include them in your job application. However, if a job posting specifically asks for references, the best place to include them is on a separate page, after the main body of your resume. When doing so, make sure that the page is titled “References” or “Professional References.”

How to format reference information:

When formatting your reference section on your resume, it’s important to include certain pieces of information such as the name, job title, company, phone number, and email of your reference. Ensure each reference’s information is listed in the same order making your reference section easy to review. Make sure that the page number on which the reference is listed appears on each page.

Arrange your references in the way that suits you best, but make sure to maintain consistency throughout. One popular format for listing references is having three references — only those that are relevant to the position you’re applying for. Choose individuals who can attest to your work ethics, skills, and character. Also, only include references who can provide glowing feedback. If your references list is long, try to avoid including individuals who only have good things to say about your personal life but not your work-related skills.

Tips for making your reference section stand out:

Here are some tips that will make your reference section stand out:

Select influential advocates: At times, recruiters contact the individuals on the reference list to assess an applicant. In this case, choose your references carefully. Select individuals who can speak authoritatively about your skills and accomplishments.

Take advantage of references as an opportunity: By including professional references, you can also demonstrate why you’re a suitable candidate for the role. Ensure you choose individuals who are conversant with the job, company, and industry. By doing this, you may help tip the scales in your favor by establishing a connection between your reference and the company.

Focus on design: Just like any other part of your resume, your reference section should be easy to read, visually appealing, and aesthetically designed. You can experiment with different fonts and formatting so long as you keep it simple and easy to read. Consider using bullet points, bold letters and emboldened font for section titles.

Keep it concise: Don’t use the reference list as an opportunity to pad out your resume with people’s names. Keep the list to only three or four references so that the hiring manager can gauge quickly what you’ve listed as a reference.

How to Ask Someone to Be Your Reference

When it comes to job hunting, having strong references can make all the difference. Choosing the right people to vouch for your skills and work ethic is crucial; but inviting them to be your reference can be tricky. Here’s what you need to know about who to ask, how to ask, and how to stay connected with your references.

Who to Ask and How to Ask Them

First, determine who would be the most relevant and effective references for your job search. This could include former managers or supervisors, colleagues, clients, or even professors, depending on the nature of the job and your experience.

Once you have a list of potential references, consider each person’s relationship to you and their availability. It’s a good idea to reach out to them in person or via phone or email to ask if they would be willing to serve as a reference for you. Begin by thanking them for their time and explaining what type of position you are applying for. You may also want to give them a brief summary of your experience and qualifications as a reminder.

If they agree to be your reference, make sure to confirm their contact information and let them know when and how they might be contacted by a hiring manager. Keep in mind that it’s always best to ask for permission before sharing someone’s contact information.

Providing Useful Information to Your References

It’s important to give your references the tools they need to advocate for you effectively. This might include a copy of your updated resume, a list of important accomplishments or projects you worked on together, or even a brief script they can reference when speaking to a potential employer.

You should also make sure to give them any relevant job descriptions or requirements for the position you’re applying for. This will help them tailor their remarks to the specific needs of the employer and highlight your most relevant skills and experience.

Best Practices for Staying Connected with Your References

Once you’ve secured your references, it’s important to stay connected with them, even if you don’t land the job you were applying for. Keeping in touch can help you maintain these valuable professional relationships and ensure that they continue to speak well of you in the future.

Consider sending periodic updates on your career progress or any new accomplishments or skills you’ve added to your repertoire. You might also want to connect with them on professional networking sites like LinkedIn, and make sure to congratulate them on any achievements or milestones they share.

Finally, remember that gratitude goes a long way. Thank your references for their time and support, and offer to reciprocate the favor in the future by serving as a reference for them or helping them connect with potential employers or clients.

By taking these steps, you can secure strong references and keep those valuable connections active and engaged, no matter where your career takes you.

How to Prepare Your References

When it comes to job search, having strong references can be a game-changer. References are the people who can vouch for your skills, work ethic, and character, and oftentimes can make or break your application.

So, if you have identified potential references that can help you land your dream job, you need to make sure to prepare them properly. Here are some tips on how to do it.

What your references need to know before they receive a call/email

Before you put your references’ names and contact information on your resume, it’s essential to talk to them and inform them about your job search. This way, they won’t be caught off guard when a potential employer contacts them. Also, they will appreciate the heads-up and will have time to gather their thoughts and remember specific examples that show your skills and achievements.

When talking to your references, make sure to provide them with the following information:

• The job(s) you are applying for
• The skills, experiences, and accomplishments that are most relevant to the position(s)
• The company, its mission, and its values (if possible)
• The name and contact information of the person who may contact them (if available)
• A brief reminder of how you know them and your working relationship

You may also want to ask your references if there are any particular points they want to highlight or any questions they anticipate from the potential employer. This way, you can prepare yourself better and avoid any surprises.

How to provide additional information for your references

As you prepare to apply for a job, you may want to provide additional information for your references to help them speak more confidently about your abilities. Here are some examples of the type of information that can be helpful:

• Your updated resume, highlighting your most relevant experiences and achievements
• A cover letter or personal statement, showcasing your motivation, passion, and professionalism
• The job description, outlining the key skills and qualifications required for the position
• Examples of your work or projects that demonstrate your skills and expertise
• Feedback from previous employers, colleagues, or clients that is relevant to the position(s) you are applying for
• Any awards, certification, or other recognition that you have received and that are related to the job(s)

Make sure to provide this information to your references in advance, either by email or in hard copy, and ask them if they need anything else to be prepared.

How to thank your references

Last but not least, don’t forget to thank your references for their help and support.

How to Use References in the Job Application Process

When it comes to including references in your job application process, it’s important to know when and how to provide them. In this section, we’ll cover the when and how, giving you the knowledge and confidence to ensure your references are used properly.

When to Provide Your References

When it comes to providing your references, the rule of thumb is to only do so when specifically asked by the employer. Most employers will ask for references during the latter stages of the recruitment process, which typically means after the initial interview. This gives the employer an opportunity to verify the information you’ve provided, and to gain additional insight into your professional character and work ethic.

If you’re asked for references, make sure to provide them in a timely manner. Delaying the submission of references can cause the employer to question your reliability, or worse, think that you have something to hide.

How to Ensure Your References Get Contacted

Now that you know when to provide your references, it’s important to understand how to ensure they get contacted. Here are a few tips and tricks to ensure your references are reached out to:

Ask for permission: When preparing your references for submission, ask each person for their permission to include them in your application. Make sure to get their current contact information, as well as their preferred method of communication (phone, email, etc.).

Prepare your references: Brief your references on the specific job role you’re applying for, and provide them with your resume and cover letter. This gives them an idea of the position you’re seeking, as well as your experience and qualifications.

Follow up with the employer: Once you’ve submitted your application and references, follow up with the employer to confirm receipt. This not only shows that you’re proactive and interested in the position, but it also gives you an opportunity to confirm that your references were contacted.

By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your references are used properly and help to bolster your chances of landing your dream job. Just remember to only provide your references when asked, and to be proactive in ensuring they get contacted. Good luck!

Dos and Don’ts for References on Your Resume

When it comes to including references on your resume, there are some best practices you should follow to present yourself in the best possible light. However, there are also some pitfalls you should avoid that can undermine your credibility and hurt your chances of landing the job. Here are some dos and don’ts to keep in mind:

Best practices for including references on your resume

Do ask for permission:  Before including someone on your reference list, you should always ask for their permission. This not only shows respect for their time, but it also gives them the opportunity to decline if they don’t feel comfortable providing a reference for you.

Do choose your references wisely:  You should only include people on your reference list who can speak positively about your work and character. This includes former managers, colleagues, and mentors who have firsthand knowledge of your abilities.

Do provide context:  When you provide your reference list to a potential employer, be sure to include some context about how you know each person and what their relationship is to you. This will help the employer understand the relevance of each reference and how they can provide additional insight into your qualifications.

Do keep your references up-to-date:  As your career progresses, you may need to update your reference list to reflect your most recent accomplishments and contacts. Be sure to keep your references informed of any changes and update your list accordingly.

Pitfalls to avoid when using references

Don’t include references without permission:  Including someone on your reference list without their permission is not only disrespectful, it can also damage your reputation and relationships.

Don’t include references who can’t speak to your qualifications:  If a reference can’t provide insight into your skills and work ethic, they are not a valuable reference for an employer. Be sure to choose references who can provide relevant and positive feedback.

Don’t assume every employer wants references:  While many employers will ask for references as part of the hiring process, some may not. Be sure to read the job posting and follow the employer’s instructions for submitting your application materials.

Don’t neglect to prepare your references:  Even if your references have agreed to be on your list, you should still prepare them for potential calls from employers. Provide them with information about the job you’re applying for and what skills you want them to highlight.

By following these dos and don’ts, you can ensure that your references are an asset to your job search and help you stand out from the competition.

Common Questions about References on Resumes

As you prepare your resume, one important aspect to consider is who you will include as references. Here are answers to some common questions that job seekers have regarding references on a resume:

What if you don’t have any references?

It is not uncommon for recent graduates or individuals who have limited professional experience to have difficulty gathering references. In such cases, there are a few strategies you can use. One option is to include references from other forms of experience, such as volunteer work, internships, or academic projects. Another option is to ask individuals who can speak to your character or work ethic, such as former professors, mentors, or coaches. It is also acceptable to note on your resume that references are available upon request.

How many references should you provide?

While there is no set rule for how many references to include on a resume, it is generally recommended to provide 3-5 references. This ensures that the employer receives a well-rounded view of your qualifications and experience. It is important to choose references who can speak knowledgeably about your work-related skills and accomplishments. Make sure to obtain their permission before including them on your resume and provide their contact information in a professional format, such as name, title, company, phone number, and email address.

Can you use references from previous jobs?

Yes, it is acceptable to use references from previous jobs, especially if they can provide information about your work history and achievements in that role. When selecting references from previous jobs, consider reaching out to former supervisors or colleagues who can speak to your contributions in the workplace. It is important to keep in mind that you should only include references who are comfortable speaking positively about your work and who can provide a professional recommendation. Additionally, verify that their contact information is up to date before providing it on your resume.

By answering these common questions, you can confidently include references on your resume and provide employers with valuable insights into your qualifications and experience. Remember to secure permissions from your references before including them and respect the confidentiality of their contact information. Happy job hunting!

Examples of References on Resumes

As you craft your resume and consider whether to include references, it can be helpful to see examples of how to format your reference section. Below are some sample layouts for reference sections on resumes:

Sample Reference Section Layout #1

• John Doe, Manager at ABC Company. Email:  [email protected] . Phone: 555-555-5555.
• Jane Smith, Former supervisor at XYZ Corporation. Email:  [email protected] . Phone: 555-555-5555.
• Susan Lee, Colleague at DEF Industries. Email:  [email protected] . Phone: 555-555-5555.

Sample Reference Section Layout #2

Professional References

Sample Reference Section Layout #3

References Available Upon Request

In addition to seeing examples of reference section layouts, it can also be helpful to see examples of reference formats. Here are three examples of how to format a reference on a resume:

Example Reference Format #1

John Doe  Manager at ABC Company  [email protected]  555-555-5555

Example Reference Format #2

Jane Smith  Former supervisor at XYZ Corporation  [email protected]  555-555-5555

Example Reference Format #3

Susan Lee  Colleague at DEF Industries  [email protected]  555-555-5555

When including references on your resume, it is important to consider when and how to include them. It is generally suggested to only include references when asked, and to always get permission from the reference before including their information. When formatting your reference section, be sure to make it clear and easy to read, and only include relevant information such as the reference’s name, title/position, email, and phone number.

Related Articles

• What to Wear to a Job Interview in the Summer 2023
• Call Center Operator Resume Examples for 2023
• 20 Azure Resume Tips & 10 Samples & Examples for 2023
• Preschool Teacher Resume: Samples and Writing Guide for 2023
• Following Up on Your Job Application: Dos and Don’ts

Rate this article

0 / 5. Reviews: 0

More from ResumeHead

• Resume Templates
• Resume Examples
• Free Resume Builder
• How to Write a Resume
• Resume Format
• Resume Packs
• Cover Letter Templates
• Cover Letter Examples
• Free Cover Letter Generator
• How To Write a Cover Letter
• CV Templates
• CV Examples
• Free CV Maker
• Resume Help
• Cover Letter Help
• Job Interview
• Career Advice

References on a Resume: How to List Them

You are in full swing of resume writing. You have your list of skills ready, accomplishment lined up, and all sections organized. Is there anything missing? The professional references. But hold on! Do they actually need to be on your resume? Let’s dig in! 

Do You Put References on a Resume?

The short answer is —  it depends. Normally, you don’t need to put references on your resume. But there are a few exceptions. First, you should have references on your resume when applying for a federal job or another government position . Next, you should add them when the job listing or the hiring manager asks you to do so. 

Here are three quick tips to help you decide when to put references on your resume and when to leave them off: 

• Didn’t see any mention of references in the job description? Leave them off. You won’t be penalized for doing so. 
• Keep some of your references (or ask for new ones) for the interview . Doing so gives you extra time to research the company , understand what they do, and line up the best set of references, based on that information.

Finally, if you are going to include references, you will need to create a separate resume reference page and format it accordingly. 

How to List References on a Resume

The standard practice for listing references is to create a resume reference page and send it over with your one-page resume .  You don’t need to try and squeeze your references as another resume section! 

Instead, open a blank page in Word and use this quick example to format your references. 

Here’s how format references on a resume:

• Give your page a simple title. For example [Name Surname: References] 
• Provide all the necessary details of your reference person: full name, company, job title, contact details. 
• There are no particular rules about formatting each entry. Just be certain the formatting is consistent from one entry to another. 
• Use adequate space in between entries. 
• Add a minimum of three references. 

If you decide not to include references, don’t mention them at all. There is no need to write ‘References available upon request.’ It makes your resume look dated.

Professional Resume Reference Example 

Michaela Turner Western Logistics VP of Marketing [email protected] (555)222-3333

Mr. Turner was a direct supervisor for 5 years. 

Jemima Thorn  Urban Corps  Lead Generation Manager  [email protected] (555)444-3333

Ms. Thorn managed and coached me during my tenure. 

Decide How Many References You Need

OK, now that you know how to format a resume reference page, let’s get you those references. 

How much do you need? As a rule of thumb, you should have between 3-5 references, unless the employer specified another number. It’s best if your references come from different companies/organizations. 

But if that’s not feasible, add a quick note explaining who one reference is different from another. For example, you can add your direct supervisor and a colleague who could speak to your team working abilities. 

Should I Have Personal or Professional References on My Resume? 

A professional reference attests to your professionalism and past achievements. As a rule of thumb, most hiring managers would prefer to receive a set of professional references or letters of recommendation since an attestation from a professional contact provides more insight into the applicant’s core competencies and workplace behaviors. This is why it is generally better to use professional references on your resume. 

However, you may use personal references if you don’t have enough work experience or want a reference to validate your character and work ethic. Personal references are perfectly acceptable for students, entry-level workers, volunteers, or professionals in the service industry. 

How to Ask for a Resume Reference 

Got a shortlist of candidates? Now, it’s time to let those people know you are using them as your references. Never list someone without a heads-up! 

Here are a few quick tips for requesting a reference: 

• Use a bit of flattery, but don’t fawn.
• Explain why you’ve chosen them.
• See if they have preferred contact information (e.g. email over the phone)
• Ask for one or two references more than you need if someone else doesn’t respond.

Here’s a brief sample request:

Hi Dr. Johnson,

I hope things are going well for you, and that Westside Medical Clinic is as successful as ever. I am writing to you because I am in consideration for the position of head nurse at Regional hospital. Would it be okay if I used you as a reference?

They are seeking someone with both clinical and supervisory experience for this position, and who can understand the needs of low-income patients. Because we worked together managing the City Free Clinic, I thought you could speak to my abilities in these areas.

If you would be willing to be contacted by my potential employer, please let me know your preferred contact information.

Rhonda Black

To Conclude 

You don’t absolutely need to put references on every resume you are filing. Do so only when you are explicitly instructed to do so. And that’s good news! Because instead of chasing down those references, you can focus on polishing your resume and cover letter!

Elena runs content operations at Freesumes since 2017. She works closely with copywriters, designers, and invited career experts to ensure that all content meets our highest editorial standards. Up to date, she wrote over 200 career-related pieces around resume writing, career advice... more

you might also like

6 Best Colors For Your Resume (According to Pro Designers)

How to Put an Internship on a Resume: FAQs Answered

How to Put Research on a Resume: Tips and Examples

Resume Skills For Retail: Big List of Examples

90+ Childcare Skills For Your Resume (+ Daycare Worker Resume Example!)

Leave a response cancel reply.

Resume Templates

Resume samples

Create and edit your resume online

Generate compelling resumes with our AI resume builder and secure employment quickly.

Write a cover letter

Cover Letter Examples

Cover Letter Samples

Create and edit your cover letter

Use our user-friendly tool to create the perfect cover letter.

Featured articles

• How to Write a Motivation Letter With Examples
• How to Write a Resume in 2024 That Gets Results
• Teamwork Skills on Your Resume: List and Examples
• What Are the Best Colors for Your Resume?

Latests articles

• Top 5 Tricks to Transform Your LinkedIn Profile With ChatGPT
• Using ChatGPT to Prepare for Interviews: Top Tips and Steps
• How to Create an Effective Cover Letter with ChatGPT
• 10 Jobs in High Demand in 2024: Salaries and Expected Growth

Dive Into Expert Guides to Enhance your Resume

How to Put References on aResume [Tips & Examples]

How and when to create a resume references page

Are you planning to draft your resume, but not sure if you should mention someone who can help prove you’re qualified for the position?

In other words, should you put references on a resume?

The short answer is, it depends! References are a method for employers to find out how a candidate applying for a vacancy in their business has performed in previous positions or throughout their academic career.

However, adding references may or may not hurt your resume. It really depends on the position and the hiring manager .

This is why it’s important to understand when you should have a references section on your resume. 

Luckily, using our AI resume builder can help you add the sections you need based on your circumstances.

To learn when you should add references and how to list references on your resume, keep reading!

Resume References: When to Include or Exclude

For the majority of jobs that you apply to, you will not need to include any references with your resume.

Basically, the only times it is acceptable to include references with the resume in a job application are:

• When they are requested directly in the job vacancy description
• The job is part of an industry that accepts case studies 

If you find yourself in one of these situations, we recommend only including them on a separate piece of paper as a reference page .

If you feel you have a huge lack of relevant experience that will be a problem, and you’d like to include professional references when they are not requested, you can include a line in your cover letter .

Simply mention in your cover letter that your references can be provided upon request.

That way, if you feel like you’re missing experience and a reference can be a huge boost, you may make the hiring manager curious about any prior internships or research.

For those job applications that do not specifically request professional references from the jobseeker, it is not advisable to include them but it is always wise to be prepared!

Who to List as a Reference

If you’re wondering “Who can I use as a reference?”, there are a number of people who can fit the bill . 

Depending on whether you are a recent graduate or someone who has worked in a certain field looking for a career change will affect who can be your professional reference.

In general, the types of people who can be a reference , include:

• Former employers
• Colleagues or coworkers
• Clients or customers
• College professors
• Business contacts

If you plan to submit a student resume ask any of your past tutors, advisors, coaches, and of course teachers or professors who can best vouch for you.

If you’re submitting a professional resume applicant , focus on people who know you best from your workplace and the job you have done.

Who should not be a professional reference?

Using family members or friends as references is highly unconventional and discouraged . 

This is simply because they will not be objective in giving their opinions and generally do not know the candidate’s working practices or abilities.

You should also avoid including the following as references: 

• Former employers who did not like your work
• Anyone who hasn’t agreed to be a reference
• People with poor communication skills
• People with a poor reputation

Whoever you decide to be your reference, remember to give thanks even if they are not contacted in the end. A little appreciation can go a long way.

How to Write a Resume Reference Page

Writing a reference page for your resume is not a complicated task , it is straight-forward and can usually be done from scratch with no problem, if you follow the tips below.

• Make sure you include 2-3 people who can cover different positions or multiple people who can vouch for different skills you claim to be able to bring to the role.
• Include the references section of your resume on a sheet of A4. 
• Consider having your references comment on your page in the form of statements made about your work and qualities . 
• Make sure your references are as tailored to the role and company as possible.

Remember that it is now very easy for companies to check your background and investigate you simply by typing your name into a search engine.

With all the various marvels that the internet offers us and the dozens of social media pages we sign up to, hiring managers can find out a lot about us at the click of a button, so remember to keep these channels professional and creative to serve as references too.

Luckily, you can use AI to quickly improve your LinkedIn profile so that it’s ready for any hiring manager who is interested in you. 

To mention a reference, you simply need to include their:

• Professional title
• Work address
• Phone number
• Relationship with you 

To understand how a reference should look on your resume , you can study the example below:

Susan Reference Former Supervisor ABC Corporation 123 Business Rd. Business City, State, ZIP Phone: (123) 456-7890 Email: [email protected]

Relationship: Susan was my supervisor at ABC Corporation where I worked as a Marketing Analyst from 2016 to 2020.

If a job description asks you to include references, take advantage of our builder and customizable templates to make including the right contacts much easier and start impressing hiring managers !

Struggling with Resume Writing?

Ease the process with our templates

Explore Jobs

• Jobs Near Me
• Remote Jobs
• Full Time Jobs
• Part Time Jobs
• Entry Level Jobs
• Work From Home Jobs

Find Specific Jobs

• $15 Per Hour Jobs
• $20 Per Hour Jobs
• Hiring Immediately Jobs
• High School Jobs
• H1b Visa Jobs

Explore Careers

• Business And Financial
• Architecture And Engineering
• Computer And Mathematical

Explore Professions

• What They Do
• Certifications
• Demographics

Best Companies

• Health Care
• Fortune 500

Explore Companies

• CEO And Executies
• Resume Builder
• Career Advice
• Explore Majors
• Questions And Answers
• Interview Questions

How To Write A Resume In 7 Steps (With Examples)

• How To Write A Resume
• Resume Skills Section
• Resume Objective Section
• Career Objective Section
• Resume Reference Section
• Resume Summary Section
• Resume Summary Example
• Resume Interests Section
• Address On Resume
• Relevant Work Experience
• Anticipated Graduation Date On Resume
• Education Section On Resume
• Contact Information On Resume
• Statement Of Qualifications
• How To List Publications On Resume
• Accomplishments On Resumes
• Awards On Resume
• Dean's List On Resume
• Study Abroad On Resume

Resumes are still the most important document in your job search . Generating a professional and interesting resume isn’t easy, but there is a standard set of guidelines that you can follow. As hiring managers usually only spend a short time looking over each resume, you want to make sure that yours has a reason for them to keep reading.

If you’re looking to write a resume, rewrite a resume you already have, or are just curious about resume format, then you’ve come to the right place. This article will go through the steps to writing an excellent resume, as well as offering examples for what sections of the resume should look like.

Key Takeaways:

A resume is a short document that details your professional history in a way that tailors your experience and skill set for the particular job you’re applying for.

Resumes follow a few standard formatting practices, which hiring managers and recruiters expect to see.

Highlighting your work experience, skills, and educational background with relevant keywords can help you get past applicant tracking systems and into more interviews.

How to write a resume

Writing a resume involves using the proper formatting, writing an introduction, and adding your work experience and education. Stuffing your entire professional life into a single page resume can feel overwhelming, but remember that you’re distilling the relevant parts of your professional experience in order to catch the eye of the recruiter .

Formatting your resume. To start, use a word processor such as Microsoft Word or Google docs. Standard resume formatting calls for:

1 inch margins

10-12 point font

A professional, commonly-used font

Additionally, there are three resume formats that are commonly used. Most people should stick with a chronological resume format , but the combination resume format and functional resume format can be effective for more advanced workers or those who have significant gaps in their resume.

Write a resume header . It doesn’t matter if you have the best resume in the world if the hiring manager can’t contact you. Every single resume should include the following contact information:

Your full name. First and last.

Your phone number. Use a personal phone number, and make sure your voicemail is set up properly.

Your email address. Nothing inappropriate — [email protected] is a safe choice.

Location. City, State, Zip Code is fine, but you can include your full mailing address if you think it’s appropriate.

Your social media (optional). LinkedIn is the obvious one you’d want to include, but make sure your profile looks good. If you have an online portfolio , either on a personal blog/website or on a site like Journo Portfolio , feel free to include that here as well.

Your job title. Also optional, but can be useful for applicant tracking systems.

Resume introduction. You have four options for your resume introduction: a resume objective, summary statement, resume profile, or qualifications summary. For most job-seekers, a resume summary statement is the best choice. Regardless of which resume introduction you choose, avoid first-person pronouns (I/me/my).

Resume objective. A resume objective is the goal of your resume. Since the objective of every resume is to land a job, this is not the most original or impressive opener you can have.

On the other hand, it’s a good choice for an entry-level applicant or someone who is changing career paths . This should be a 1-3 sentence summary of why you’re motivated to get the position you’re applying for.

Who should use a resume objective: Entry-level applicants, career-changers, and recent college graduates.

Resume summary. This is the best opener for most job-seekers. As the name suggests, a resume summary highlights the most salient aspects of your resume.

It should include your current position, how many years of experience you have, some of your biggest achievements, and possibly your career goals. This should be a 1-3 sentence spiel and should include some quantifiable experiences.

Who should use a resume summary: Most job seekers; anyone with quantifiable accomplishments to emphasize and a broad range of skills.

Qualifications summary. A bullet point list (4-6 points is the sweet spot) of your qualifications for the position. It’s best used by applicants going for jobs that require a fixed skill set. It’s not a great choice for entry-level applicants who lack quantifiable achievements.

You’ll notice that a qualifications summary takes up more space than a resume objective or summary, but it can actually save the hiring manager time if you provide a bunch of valuable information right off the top.

Who should use a qualifications summary: Those applying to a job with requirements for certain skills and job-seekers who have a lot of experience in their industry and/or field.

Resume profile. A resume profile is similar to a resume summary, but goes into more detail about your accomplishments at your current or former job, while also telling the reader about your career goals. Think of a resume profile as a section that pulls all the best parts of your work experience section into one place.

Who should use a resume profile: Anyone with significant accomplishments under their belt, expertise in a niche field, or applying to a job in the same industry that they have lots of experience in.

Resume headline. Resume headlines aren’t necessary, but you can include one alongside any of the four types of resume introduction listed above. A resume headline comes between your contact information and the resume introduction of your choice.

Headlines can be used by entry-level applicants and experienced job-seekers alike. The important point is that your headline should be short and to the point. Additionally, you should use title case when writing your resume headline (capitalize words as you would for a book title).

Who should use a resume headline: Any job-seeker who wants to showcase their experience or unique value right off the bat.

Work experience. Your work experience section is the place to let hiring managers know that you have relevant experience that would allow you to handle the job you’re applying for.

If you’re using the chronological resume format, your work experience section would come after your resume summary/objective. In a funcitonal reumse, it would follow your skills section. Either way, work experience should be listed in reverse-chronological order (most recent experience at the top).

When listing your work experience, you should include all of the following information:

Job title. Start by stating the position you held at the company. These are easy cue for the hiring manager to look at and determine whether your past positions would help you succeed at their company.

Company Info. Include the name of the employer, the location where you worked, and perhaps a brief description of the company, if it isn’t a well-known name.

Dates Employed: Use the mm/yyyy format if you want to be sure that most applicant tracking systems (ATS) will pick it up. Whatever format you use for dates, be consistent, or your resume will look sloppy.

Job Description. Don’t just list your job’s responsibilities; hiring managers and recruiters already have an idea of your duties based on the job title. Instead, list your most important and impressive responsibilities/achievements at the job with bullet points. Determine which of these are most relevant for your new role based on the job description.

Ideally, each bullet should be no longer than a single line. However, two lines is acceptable, if used sparingly.

Always start with a strong action verb, followed by a quantifiable achievement and a specific duty. For example: “Developed ad campaigns for clients, increasing sales by an average of 27%.” Each job title should include 3-5 bullet points.

The order that you include this information can be changed around, as long as you are consistent throughout your resume. However, the bullet points detailing your job’s achievements should always be the last item for each entry.

It’s important that you tailor your resume’s work experience section to the job you’re applying for. We recommend reading the job description carefully and highlighting the action verbs in one color and the skills, adjectives, and job-specific nouns in a different color.

Educational background. In almost all cases, your education section should come after your professional history. If you’re a recent college graduate with limited work experience, you may choose to put your educational achievements first.

Like the section on your professional history, educational experiences should come in reverse-chronological order, with your highest level of education at the top. If you have a college degree, you don’t need to add any information about your high school experience. If you didn’t finish college, it’s okay to give a list of what credits you did complete.

Each educational experience can be listed in the following format:

Degree/Program Name College/University Name Dates attended

You don’t need to add anything else, especially if your resume is already impressive enough. But if you’re struggling to fill up the page, or you feel that aspects of your educational experience will help make you a standout, you may consider also including:

Minor. If you think it rounds out your not-exactly-relevant-to-the-job major nicely.

GPA. Only if it was 3.5 or higher. Otherwise, it’s not going to do you any favors to include this.

Honors. Dean’s List, Cum Laude, etc.

Achievements. If you wrote a killer thesis/dissertation that showcases intimate knowledge relevant to the job to which you’re applying, you can include its title and a very brief description.

Extracurricular activities. Only include if they’re relevant. For example, if you’re applying for a management position and you were president of your student government.

Certifications/Licenses. If the job you’re applying for requires/likes to see certain certifications or licenses that you have, you may include them in this section as well.

Skills section. Your impressive skills should be scattered logistically throughout your professional history section, but you should also include a section solely dedicated to highlighting your skill set . Skills can be broken down into two categories:

Hard skills are skills you learn through training and indicate expertise with a technical ability or job-specific responsibility.

Soft skills are your personality traits, interpersonal abilities, and intangible qualities that make you more effective at your job.

Your resume should have a healthy mix of hard and soft skills, as both are essential to job performance. However, since soft skills are harder to prove in the context of a resume, we recommend leaning more toward hard skills. Additionally, whenever you list a soft skill, make sure that it has a correlating item in your work experience section.

For example, if you say you are skilled in collaboration, you should mention a time when a team project was a major success somewhere in your work experience section.

Optional sections. If you still have space left or there’s more you want to show off that doesn’t quite fit in any of the above sections, you may consider adding an additional section covering one or more of the below categories:

Language . Being bilingual is always impressive, and can be included on a resume for any company. Highlight this more if your position involves liaising with international distributors and/or clients. Don’t lie about your proficiency level.

It may be best to not mention it if you’re not particularly proficient speaker . Such as if you took courses in school, or haven’t really managed to gain fluency. It can end up looking like an attempt to inflate your credentials, which you want to avoid.

Volunteer experience . Always a good thing to include. It shows you’re a team player who behaves in a way that promotes the greater good, without thought of personal gain. Especially good for entry-level candidates and those applying for jobs at a non-profit. If you have gaps in your work history, you can also consider including volunteer experiences in your work history section instead.

Personal projects. A personal blog, published works, or a portfolio of your past projects are all good things to include. They show you take initiative, enjoy and take pride in your work, and that you can handle the responsibilities of the job, if relevant.

Certifications/licenses. If you didn’t include these in your education section, this is another good place to list relevant certifications or licenses that you have.

Interests . This is largely just a space filler if your resume is light in other areas. However, if your hobbies are directly related to the job that you’re applying for, it’s not a bad idea to include them. And it might draw a recruiter’s attention if you end up sharing some of the same interests as they do.

If you have several seemingly random items that are valuable, but don’t warrant creating a whole separate section for, you can also make a section called “Additional Experience.” Here you can include all of the above categories in one place. Just make sure that each item is clear and easy for readers to understand.

Resume samples

Now that we have a good idea of how to write a resume, let’s take a look at some example resumes:

Jack Pilgrim Washington , DC 14015 – (555) 444-3333 – [email protected] – www.linkedin.com/jpilgrim Resume Summary Graphic designer with 3+ years of experience creating and implementing promotional materials and social media graphics. Worked with sales and marketing teams to increase inbound calls by 23% YoY through compelling digital media. Adept at planning, managing, and prioritizing multiple deadlines at once, and thrives in fast-paced work environment. Work Experience Creative Designs | Washington, DC Lead Graphic Designer | June 2018-Present Worked with sales and marketing teams to create landing pages, sales proposals, and supporting media elements to drive sales by over $250,000 per quarter Trained, managed, and mentored team of 4 junior designers to fulfill 40+ project orders on a weekly basis Conducted UX research through surveys, usability testing, and data analysis to plan content marketing strategy, driving organic search traffic by 12% Presented proposals, results, and status updates to set of 4-7 clients, ensuring customer satisfaction at or above 95% for 3 years straight Happy Place | Alexandria, VA Junior Graphic Designer | July 2016-May 2018 Translated client needs and branding strategies into design and content strategy, increasing client retention by 22% Reduced project turnaround time by 8% by Utilizing web-based ticket system for completing and archiving finalized pieces Posted digital artwork to network IPTV using web interface to produce high-end info-graphics and other materials Happy Place | Alexandria, VA Marketing Intern | September 2015-July 2016 Assisted marketing team with data collection, analysis, and presentation using Google Analytics Drew up storyboards for new marketing campaigns alongside sales team, increasing brand awareness through social media Wrote 500-1000 word articles to pair with graphical elements on page, leading to a 40% boost in engagement on company website Education Savannah College of Art and Design | Savannah, Georgia May 2016 Bachelor of Fine Arts in Graphic Design Skills Adobe Creative Suite Typography HTML/CSS WordPress Collaboration Organization

Allison Neederly Chicago, Illinois , 60007 | (333) 222-1111 | [email protected] | www.linkedin.com/allison.neederly Resume Summary Dedicated customer service representative with 4+ years experience resolving customers’ needs in-person, online, and over the phone. Top achiever at XYZ Inc. with a 100% customer satisfaction rate for Q1 of 2020. Friendly personable, and knowledgable about company’s products and services. Relevant Skills Customer Service Responded to upwards of 200 customer queries daily with XYZ Inc., reducing the average wait time by 56% and increasing customer satisfaction rates by 13% Ability to resolve conflict and create a positive atmosphere for shopping for both new and existing customers through technical proficiency Expert product knowledge and communication skills, and experience training and mentoring new customer service staff Web Chat and Phone Skilled in 3 web chat platforms for helping online customers resolve their queries quickly and accurately Achieved fastest call resolution rate at XYZ Inc., with an average resolution time of under 5 minutes per customer Performed outbound calls for customer satisfaction surveys, as well as writing web-based surveys for 10,000+ customers Troubleshooting Detailed product knowledge allowed for customer technical issues to be resolved at rate within top 5% of all customer service associates at XYZ Inc. Created manual for step-by-step directions for troubleshooting that was implemented for team of 100+ customer service reps Positive attitude took average tech-related negative response from 1/5 stars to 4/5 stars, increasing trust in brands and services Work Experience XYZ Inc. | Philadelphia, PA Customer Service Associate New Look Global | Burlington, VT Junior Customer Service Representative L.L. Bean | Burlington, VT Sales Associate Education University of Vermont | Burlington, VT May 2012 Bachelor of Arts in Humanities

Priya Laghari New York, NY | (222) 111-0000 | [email protected] | www.priyabizdev.com Resume Profile Strategy Development: Grew John Deere’s international sales by 13% by tapping into undeserved countries in Southeast Asia Management: Oversaw a team of managers representing marketing, sales, and product teams. Streamlined collaborative, cross-functional communications through agile and scrum management system CRM: Developed, customized, and implemented new customer relationship management database for accounts totaling over $10M in value Work Experience Business Development Manager 01/2015-Present Microsoft | Redmond, WA Developed product strategies and roadmap for Google AdWords, increasing inbound traffic by 26% YoY Reduced time training on new software by 50% for new and existing employees by implement e-learning programs Spearheaded digital marketing campaign worth $1M that saw a return of 200% in first year by qualifying leads earlier in the sales funnel Regional Sales Manager 11/2012-01/2015 Big Things Inc. | St. Louis, MO Managed territory encompassing 29 regional locations with an annual revenue of approx. $55M Worked with C-level executives to plan business strategies, resulting in 20% reduction in overhead costs Increased client retention by 12% in first year by implementing a CRM approach based on account profiling and elevating levels of relationship selling Account Manager 02/2009-11/2012 Solutions Corp. | Chicago, IL Implemented and developed CRM strategic plans, increasing retention of long-term clients by 22% Maintained 50+ accounts totaling over $35M in value Generated leads through one-on-one consultation via phone inquiries, online check-ins, and meeting office walk-ins Relevant Skills CRM: Proficient with Salesforce, Zoho, and HubSpot; some experience with Keap. Used various CRM software over a decade to successfully manage customer relations and quick to adapt to new software and tools that aid in quality of customer experience. Salesmanship: Negotiated and closed over several deals worth $1M+ and skilled in upselling and cross-selling. Adept at working closely with marketing and product teams to maximize the efficiency of the sales funnel for both inbound and outbound traffic. Presentation: Represented Microsoft Northwest Region at quarterly board meetings, ensuring all stakeholders were kept abreast of new developments and opportunities. Also deliver monthly presentations to big clients and vendors to maintain positive relationship. Data analytics. Expert at integrating data from various analytics platforms, including Google, Microsoft Power BI, and SAP BusinessObjects Education Colgate University | May 2008 MBA Fordham University | May 2006 Bachelor’s Degree in Business

For more resume examples and templates:

Resume examples by job

Google docs resume template

Resume templates

Resume builder

Resume Headers Samples:

Tip : Never put your contact info in the header of your document; some applicant tracking systems might miss it.

For more on how to write a resume header:

Resume Header

Resume Titles

Resume introduction examples

Entry-Level Resume Objective.

Recent graduate with a bachelor’s in Marketing from the University of Virginia seeking an entry-level role in content marketing. Excellent copywriter with 2+ years experience editing content as a member of the UVa Writing Center.

Career Change Resume Objective.

Eager to apply 7+ years of experience with customer success management to make successful outbound B2B calls, deliver customized business solutions to new and existing customers, and provide expert product knowledge in the role of Account Manager for XYZ Inc.

Example Resume Summary Statement.

Accountant with over 8 years of experience in the medical industry. Adept at advising on management of cash deficits, reconciling departmental accounts, and creating new accounts and codes. Coordinated invoice preparation system for ABC that reduced contractor overhead by 19% YoY.

English teacher with a love of language and 6 years of experience teaching high school students. Developed new curriculum that boosted freshman reading comprehension scores by 12% and created after school book club for AP Lit class, resulting in 100% of participating students achieving a 5 on the AP Lit test.

Example Qualifications Summary.

Executive assistant with 5+ years experience helping maintain efficiency in an office of 25 employees Communicated directly with internal and external stakeholders, helping Senior Vice President manage projects worth $5M+ Proactively managed office schedules, identifying and prioritizing changes to ensure client satisfaction Recognized in a company of 500 for “Outstanding Achiever” in May 2019

Example Resume Profile.

Detail-oriented IT Specialist with 4 years of experience overseeing and improving the infrastructure of IT systems. Adept at building and running troubleshooting systems and testing services. Decreased security risk by 47% through continual optimization, while also improving the speed of client portal by 22%. Excellent communicator both internally and for client-facing discussions. Achieved 98%+ customer satisfaction ratings through weekly and monthly check-ins with accounts valued cumulatively at $500,000.

Entry-Level Resume Headline.

Bilingual College Graduate with 80 WPM Typing Speed and Tutoring Experience

Experienced Resume Headline.

Business Development Specialist with 6+ Years Experience Scaling Start-Up Tech Teams

For more on resume introductions:

Resume objective statement

Resume summary statement

Resume summary statement examples

Qualifications summary

Sample resume work experience sections

Work Experience XYZ Industries | Seattle, WA Marketing Associate | May 2019-Present Delivered weekly presentations to client-base to communicate brand messaging, increasing client retention by 11% Served as liaison between marketing and product teams, resulting in projects finishing 2 weeks early, on average Leveraged Excel skills to create and maintain spreadsheet to track consumer insights, emergent trends, and inform decisions of marketing team through competitive analysis Managed team of 5 contractors to juggle multiple priority projects simultaneously, never missing a deadline Initiated an affiliate referral program that PR team went on to turn into a revenue-generating stream valued at $30,000 annually ABC Corp | Seattle, WA Marketing Intern | September 2018-May 2019 Developed, maintained, and processed 20+ digital consent forms and distributor forms Worked collaboratively with a team of 10 marketing professionals, closely aligning our goals with the PR team Provided data analysis using Google Analytics and performed keyword research to increase blog traffic by 56% over six months Answered up to 50 customer queries by phone and email each week

For more on building the perfect resume work experience section:

Resume work experience section

First resume (no experience)

Examples Of Education Resume Sections

Graduated recently from a 4-year program.

Western Illinois University | Macomb, Illinois May 2020 Bachelor of Arts in Sociology | Minor in Psychology 3.95 GPA magna cum laude Dean’s List all semesters

Two degrees.

Fordham University | Bronx, New York April 2016 Master of Chemical Engineering Stony Brook University | Stony Brook, New York April 2014 Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

Anticipated graduation date (not yet graduated).

DePaul Univeristy | Chicago, Illinois Bachelor of Arts in History – Degree anticipated May 2021 Current GPA: 3.8

Older job seeker (graduated 10+ years ago).

University of Chicago | Chicago, Illinois Bachelor of Business Administration

High school graduate (no college degree).

Johnston High School 2016-2020 Head of Computer Club

More on crafting the perfect resume education section:

Education resume section

GPA on resume

Dean’s list

Magna cum laude

Examples Of Skills For Resume

Examples of hard skills include:

Examples of soft skills include:

Here’s more information on how to incorporate skills into your resume:

Resume skills section

Hard skills

Soft skills

Top skills for professionals

Skills-based resume

Resume writing FAQ

What is a resume?

A resume is a one to two-page document that focuses on professional experience, past achievements, education and certifications, and specific skills tailored to the job you’re applying for.

Almost every job application requires a resume, and hiring managers use them as a first impression in determining which applicants get a shot at an interview.

Whether you’re fresh out of college or have 30 years of professional experience, this guide should help craft a resume that stands out from the crowd and get you one step closer to landing your dream job.

What is the format for writing a good resume?

Most people will want to use a chronological or reverse-chronological resume format. This format is compatible with most applicant tracking systems (ATS) and is easy for employers to read. Additionally it helps highlight your experience, which helps prove your qualifications.

How far back should a resume go?

A resume should go back no further than 10 to 15 years. However, it is important that all your information is relevant. Therefore, do not include job experience that is irrelevant to your application, even if it’s fewer than 10 years old. Save that information for later discussions.

Should you personalize your resume for each job?

Yes, you should personalize your resume for each job you apply to. Many recruiters use ATS now, which will search for keywords in a resume and reject those that don’t have them. That means that the skills you choose to highlight as well as your opening, such as your resume summary, should be altered to suit each job you apply to.

You don’t need to rewrite the entire resume for each job, but it does show attention to detail and initiative to make sure that your resume is customized. It also makes it more likely that you’ll get past the first step of the process.

State of New York Department of Labor – Resumes, Cover Letters and Job Applications

Harvard University – Create a Resume/CV or Cover Letter

How useful was this post?

Click on a star to rate it!

Average rating / 5. Vote count:

No votes so far! Be the first to rate this post.

Matthew Zane is the lead editor of Zippia's How To Get A Job Guides. He is a teacher, writer, and world-traveler that wants to help people at every stage of the career life cycle. He completed his masters in American Literature from Trinity College Dublin and BA in English from the University of Connecticut.

Recent Job Searches

• Registered Nurse Jobs Resume Location
• Truck Driver Jobs Resume Location
• Call Center Representative Jobs Resume Location
• Customer Service Representative Jobs Resume
• Delivery Driver Jobs Resume Location
• Warehouse Worker Jobs Resume Location
• Account Executive Jobs Resume Location
• Sales Associate Jobs Resume Location
• Licensed Practical Nurse Jobs Resume Location
• Company Driver Jobs Resume

Related posts

How To Create A Plain Text Resume (With Examples)

Google Docs Resume Template (With Examples)

How To Write A Skills-Based Resume (With Examples)

Chronological Resume: Examples And Tips

• Career Advice >
• Resume Structure >
• Parts Of A Resume >

• Current Students
• U.S. Locations
• UMGC Europe
• Learn Online
• Find Answers
• 855-655-8682

What Makes a Winning Resume

A successful job search begins with a strong resume—the written summary of your qualifications and previous work experience used for future employment opportunities. Along with a cover letter, your resume is often an employer’s first encounter with you as a jobseeker. In our Career Connection blog , UMGC experts share their tips for creating a strong first impression with effective resumes and cover letters.

Resume Writing Strategies for Career Changes

One of the keys to successfully navigating a career change is crafting a compelling resume. UMGC can help you write a resume that focuses on your strengths and transferable skills and shows employers that you're a valuable candidate, even if you don't yet have specific experience in their field. Discover key strategies to help you optimize your resume toward entering the career you want. 

Tips for Writing Cover Letters

Whether you are submitting your resume, approaching an employer for job consideration, or contacting a third party for networking purposes, it is customary to send a letter of introduction known as a cover letter. In this age of hastily scribbled emails, emoji-filled texts, and simple “liked” replies, the art of composing career-relevant and compelling cover letters is often lost. 

Get tips on composing an engaging cover letter that boosts your resume, sets you apart from the crowd, and helps you make that all-important first impression a good one. 

How to Write a Job-Winning Resume

A well-crafted resume tells the story of your career in a way that explains why you are the right candidate for the job. Read about ways you can tailor your resume to target the industry of your choice and the specific job posting you are applying for. Learn the secrets of formatting your resume correctly, marketing your experience, using keywords, and more. 

How to Highlight Your Academic Accomplishments on Your Resume

Today, the average job listing gets more than 250 applications. That’s hard to contend with, even if you’re a seasoned professional. But when you’re a student or recent graduate with little to no experience behind you, it can feel even more daunting. So, how are you supposed to compete with so many other jobseekers? In this step-by-step guide, you can learn how to effectively highlight your accomplishments as a student and showcase your skills on your resume. 

Are Shorter Resumes Stronger?

Ideally, your resume should be as short as possible while still including all your relevant skills, education, and work experience, along with any certifications, awards, and relevant activities. With so much information to highlight, it can be difficult to know what to include—and exclude. Get five great tips for keeping your resume short and strong.

Building a Tech Resume

When looking to fill technical roles within a company, hiring managers and recruiters often look for candidates who possess the specific technical skills required to be successful on their first day. Creating a strong technical resume can make a big difference when applying for tech jobs. Learn what the components of an effective technical resume are, what you need to include, and what to avoid to help your technical skills shine.

Reference on this webpage to any third-party entity or product does not constitute or imply endorsement by UMGC nor does it constitute or imply endorsement of UMGC by the third party. 

Learn More About Lifetime Career Services at UMGC

UMGC offers a full suite of career services to students and alumni at no cost. UMGC admissions advisors can answer your questions and help you get started on your educational goals.

Related Articles

By using our website you agree to our use of cookies. Learn more about how we use cookies by reading our  Privacy Policy .

No Application Fee

Apply by May 31, and we'll waive your application fee.

How it works

Transform your enterprise with the scalable mindsets, skills, & behavior change that drive performance.

Explore how BetterUp connects to your core business systems.

We pair AI with the latest in human-centered coaching to drive powerful, lasting learning and behavior change.

Build leaders that accelerate team performance and engagement.

Unlock performance potential at scale with AI-powered curated growth journeys.

Build resilience, well-being and agility to drive performance across your entire enterprise.

Transform your business, starting with your sales leaders.

Unlock business impact from the top with executive coaching.

Foster a culture of inclusion and belonging.

Accelerate the performance and potential of your agencies and employees.

See how innovative organizations use BetterUp to build a thriving workforce.

Discover how BetterUp measurably impacts key business outcomes for organizations like yours.

A demo is the first step to transforming your business. Meet with us to develop a plan for attaining your goals.

• What is coaching?

Learn how 1:1 coaching works, who its for, and if it's right for you.

Accelerate your personal and professional growth with the expert guidance of a BetterUp Coach.

Types of Coaching

Navigate career transitions, accelerate your professional growth, and achieve your career goals with expert coaching.

Enhance your communication skills for better personal and professional relationships, with tailored coaching that focuses on your needs.

Find balance, resilience, and well-being in all areas of your life with holistic coaching designed to empower you.

Discover your perfect match : Take our 5-minute assessment and let us pair you with one of our top Coaches tailored just for you.

Research, expert insights, and resources to develop courageous leaders within your organization.

Best practices, research, and tools to fuel individual and business growth.

View on-demand BetterUp events and learn about upcoming live discussions.

The latest insights and ideas for building a high-performing workplace.

• BetterUp Briefing

The online magazine that helps you understand tomorrow's workforce trends, today.

Innovative research featured in peer-reviewed journals, press, and more.

Founded in 2022 to deepen the understanding of the intersection of well-being, purpose, and performance

We're on a mission to help everyone live with clarity, purpose, and passion.

Join us and create impactful change.

Read the buzz about BetterUp.

Meet the leadership that's passionate about empowering your workforce.

For Business

For Individuals

Drafting an effective reference request email

Jump to section

What’s a reference?

The importance of choosing the right references, who should i ask to be a reference, how to ask for a reference by email, how to write a reference request email, reference request email examples, references are the secret to job hunting success.

Picture this: you’re putting together an application for your dream job, fine-tuning your resume and proofreading your cover letter. Before you send your documents off to the hiring manager, you know it’s time to ask some people if they’ll be your references.

But you aren’t sure who would be the best reference, and if you do, you might not know how to ask if they’re willing to vouch for you. Fortunately, the people you’re thinking of asking likely know you and your skills well from past experiences, meaning they’d be happy to help you take the next step in your career path. 

And sending a polite, well-worded reference request email is the launching pad you need to line up a list of references that will make a favorable impression on potential employers. Let’s explore how to write one that empowers you to land the next job you want.

A reference is a person or contact you share with a potential employer who can speak to your professional experience.

Anyone can talk up their own accomplishments, but your references provide proof that what you say about yourself on your resume is true. In addition to confirming the information in your resume, your reference can also offer insight into your past performance and predict your ability to take on the new role.

Their word becomes a powerful endorsement, assuring your prospective employer that they’re making the right decision in extending a job offer — or persuading them to go with another candidate. 

When should I ask someone to be a reference?

The best time to ask someone to be a professional reference is when you don’t need one.

Acting as a reference is a serious role for many people. Most of your options — including your current or former boss — won’t appreciate a last-minute call or reference letter request. It’s best to arrange your references as soon as you start your job search so everyone has plenty of time to decide what to say and prepare for questions.

Survey data from global staffing firm Accountemps suggests that one in three candidates are removed from consideration following reference checks . Such an evaluation almost always includes information about your previous employment, experience in past roles, and more. And a strong reference might be what you need to tip the scales in your favor against other strong applicants.

Employers want to get as much information from your references as possible. Because it’s a hiring manager’s job to offer the job to the strongest candidate , you need a reference who can attest to the stellar person and employee you are.

The hiring process is all about giving potential employers a chance to get to know you better. Positive comments from a good reference can help you stand out and improve your chances of locking down your desired position. Your reference can help you land the job by enthusiastically discussing your:

• Growth potential
• Skills and experience
• Qualifications
• Personality

Typically, a potential employer would like to hear from a boss or immediate supervisor at your most recent place of work. In some cases, they might also appreciate hearing from someone you worked cross-functionally with. They trust these types of references to paint a reliable and compelling picture of you as an applicant because they can speak to your current skills, work ethic , and character. However, if your current job doesn’t know you’re leaving and you aren’t ready to tell them, you also have other options.

Trusted co-workers and happy past clients can also describe what it’s like to work with you. These are also great options if you didn’t have the best experience at your last job and aren’t sure if management will be honest or objective. Whatever the case may be, you want to ask someone who thinks highly of you and steer clear of those with negative impressions.

If you’ve just completed your education, you likely don’t have many professional references. To fill this gap, consider seeking an academic or character reference from a professor you worked well with, someone who’s mentored you in your chosen field, or a person you’ve done volunteer work with. 

Wondering how to ask a professor to be a reference by email? Treat them just as you would a professional colleague — kindly and courteously.

Asking for a reference involves more than just making your request known — your message must be clear, courteous, and consider the other person’s needs. 

Here are eight tips for asking someone to be your reference via email:

• Choose someone you believe will respond favorably to the request: If you’re asking someone you didn’t work with very closely, the probably won’t be the strongest reference. Make sure your list of potential referees includes people who can truly vouch for your work ethic.
• Use a clear, simple subject line and be direct in the email’s body: Don’t cloud the request with unnecessary information.
• Always ask the person for permission before you add them to your list of references: Surprise phone calls and emails reflect poorly on you and may negatively affect your relationship with your potential reference.
• Make sure they’re a good reference: If they can’t right now (or don’t want to), always give them the option to decline your request.
• Provide your reference with all the information they need:  Send them an updated resume, the company’s name, and the job description of the role you’re applying for. This is especially important if it’s been a while since you last worked together, and they need an update on where you are now.
• Include your contact information in the reference request email: Your potential reference might have questions or need additional information before agreeing.
• Notify your reference whenever you share your list of references with an employer: This way, they know to expect a phone call or email asking for a reference.
• Express your gratitude: Don’t forget to send a thank-you email for the reference’s contributions each time you kickstart a new round of job searching.

Now that you know what to say, it’s time to write that email. Here are a few solid tips for formatting each section:

• Subject line: Keep this part simple. Consider something like “Reference request: [your name]” or “Would you provide me with a reference?” You can be a tad more informal if you know the referee well.
• Opening line: Use the opening line of your email to soften your request by letting the recipient know you value their opinion. And if you need to remind them who you are, this is the perfect place to do so.
• Email body: Use this space to clearly articulate your request for a reference and provide some details about the new company and role.
• Conclusion : Let your potential reference know when someone might get in touch with them, ask their permission to include them as a reference, and thank them for taking the time to read your email.

As you’ll see in the following reference email examples, it’s best to keep your message short, sweet, and to the point — this is respectful of the recipient’s time. With that in mind, here are a couple of reference email templates.

These concise yet effective reference request email templates can help you shake off writer’s block and craft the perfect message. Feel free to change as much or as little as you’d like.

Asking a colleague or manager

Dear [recipient’s name],

I hope you’re well!

I’m currently seeking employment for my next role and am writing to ask if you’d be comfortable providing a reference for me. Having worked with you for several years at [company], I believe you can provide potential employers with information about my skills and character that will improve my chances of being awarded the job.

I’ve attached my current resume. Please let me know if you need any additional information about my qualifications and, if you’re willing, what contact information I should provide for you. If this isn’t a good time, or if you aren’t comfortable providing a reference, please let me know. Thank you so much for your consideration.

Kind regards, [Your name]

[Your contact information]

Asking a teacher or mentor

Dear [teacher or mentor’s name]

I hope all is well. 

I am a former student from your [subject] class at [institution] in [time frame]. I was recently asked to provide academic references for [job or internship opportunity] and wanted to reach out to see if you’d be willing to contribute. I thought you’d be a fitting person to ask, as I truly enjoyed my time in your class and the material I had the opportunity to study, and I learned a great deal from you.

The deadline to turn in references is [deadline].

Please let me know whether you’d be willing to provide a reference. If you need any additional details from me, I’m happy to provide them.

Thank you in advance for your time.

Best, [Your name]

A good reference is someone who can vouch for your competency and character. Because references have the power to make or break your job search, you need to be sure you ask the right people in the right way, giving them all the information they need to provide a stellar report to your prospective employer.

With a little confidence and guidance from a reference request email template or two, you can put together a great list of references that will give you the boost you need to finally land your dream job .

Ace your job search

Explore effective job search techniques, interview strategies, and ways to overcome job-related challenges. Our coaches specialize in helping you land your dream job.

Elizabeth Perry, ACC

Elizabeth Perry is a Coach Community Manager at BetterUp. She uses strategic engagement strategies to cultivate a learning community across a global network of Coaches through in-person and virtual experiences, technology-enabled platforms, and strategic coaching industry partnerships. With over 3 years of coaching experience and a certification in transformative leadership and life coaching from Sofia University, Elizabeth leverages transpersonal psychology expertise to help coaches and clients gain awareness of their behavioral and thought patterns, discover their purpose and passions, and elevate their potential. She is a lifelong student of psychology, personal growth, and human potential as well as an ICF-certified ACC transpersonal life and leadership Coach.

Character references: 4 tips for a successful recommendation letter

A quick guide on how to list references on a resume, what are professional references and how to ask for one (examples), use professional reference templates to make hiring smoother, how to ask for a letter of recommendation (with examples), 9 elevator pitch examples for making a strong first impression, what is referent power your guide as a leader, what is gig work and does it make the dream work, how to write an impactful cover letter for a career change, stay connected with betterup, get our newsletter, event invites, plus product insights and research..

3100 E 5th Street, Suite 350 Austin, TX 78702

• Platform Overview
• Integrations
• Powered by AI
• BetterUp Lead™
• BetterUp Manage™
• BetterUp Care®
• Sales Performance
• Diversity & Inclusion
• Case Studies
• Why BetterUp?
• About Coaching
• Find your Coach
• Career Coaching
• Communication Coaching
• Life Coaching
• News and Press
• Leadership Team
• Become a BetterUp Coach
• BetterUp Labs
• Center for Purpose & Performance
• Leadership Training
• Business Coaching
• Contact Support
• Contact Sales
• Privacy Policy
• Acceptable Use Policy
• Trust & Security
• Cookie Preferences

The 1 Surprising Detail You Need to Remove from Your Resume Now

W hen it comes to writing a resume, there is no shortage of advice out there. The problem is that if you ask 100 different people how to write the perfect resume, you will get 100 different answers.

For example, one person may insist that you include an objective statement, while the next may insist that you remove it. Or you may be told that “it depends,” which isn’t exactly helpful either. 

Well, I’m here to tell you about yet another “resume rule” that you should follow that might be surprising. I had never questioned it before, and I’ve helped thousands of people write resumes.

What is this one surprising thing you should remove from your resume? 

It’s your home address.

Yup! Even your contact information (which seems like the most straightforward part of writing a resume) might need a little more attention than you thought.

But like most resume advice, whether you should include your address or not “depends.” 

Let’s look at the reasons for and against adding your address to your resume. 

Why You Should Remove Your Address From Your Resume

First, here are the reasons you should keep your address off of your resume. 

1. Your Address is Private Information

Protecting your privacy matters, especially online, where hackers are trying to collect your personal information and data to scam you or steal your identity.

When you apply for a job online, you are sharing a lot about yourself. This can put you at risk of identity theft and threaten your safety, especially if you are a vulnerable person or are in a vulnerable position.

The major job sites like Indeed and Monster aren’t always safe either, as there have been complaints about fraudulent job postings on both.

If you’re unsure about the site’s security or at all hesitant to share your address, don’t share it. Your safety and peace of mind come first.

2. You Might Be Discriminated Against

Let’s face it. Sadly, there is a lot of stereotyping, bias, and discrimination in the world. And while it is illegal to discriminate during the hiring process, it still happens all the time, whether intentional or not. 

Every city or town has its “rich” neighborhoods and its “bad” neighborhoods, which have more crime, low property values, and judgment about the people who live there. 

If you live in one of these “bad” areas, a hiring manager might make a negative association about you and either reject your application based solely on these assumptions or look for other reasons to reject it. 

This is wrong and shouldn’t happen. A recruiter should know better and have systems in place to help prevent it. 

But we all have biases. And sometimes, we aren’t even aware that we have them. (Not that that’s a good excuse.)

And of course, some people will knowingly discriminate against an applicant based on things like their address, name, or level of education.

How Do You Prove Discrimination?

Discrimination is, unfortunately, easy to get away with. It’s virtually impossible to prove without concrete evidence or a confession from the employer.

No one will tell you that you didn’t get the job because you were discriminated against. Most places won’t give you any explanation at all as to why you were not the successful candidate, let alone the candid truth. 

If you suspect you were discriminated against, you would need to hire a lawyer and sue the company. (Who can afford that?!) And then prove that the ONLY possible reason you were passed over for the job was because of discrimination. Trying to prove that there wasn’t a single other applicant who was even slightly more qualified than you would be impossible.

3. It’s Out-Dated

Many years ago, employers used your mailing address to mail you the relevant documents and correspondence needed during the hiring process. Nowadays, everything is sent over email instead.

Most online applications will require you to include your address as part of your profile. So, from a practical standpoint, including your address on your resume is redundant.

4. It’s a Waste of Space

Your resume has only 6 seconds to pass the glance test . Your name and contact information are typically one of the first things a recruiter will notice, as it’s right there front and center. 

Of course, you want them to remember your name, but I doubt you want them to remember what street you live on. There are much more important details about your skills, experience, and accomplishments that you want to be remembered for. 

From a formatting perspective, removing your full address can keep your resume to one page and make it more visually appealing and scannable.  

5. You’re Relocating

If you are willing to move for a job or are already planning to move and are applying for jobs in the new city, including your current physical address on your resume might mean it ends up in the trash.

Some companies are reluctant to hire people from out of town because hiring someone local is typically faster and less expensive. A local candidate can usually start working much sooner and won’t ask for relocation costs.

Hiring someone moving specifically for the job can also be considered a risk. What if they don’t like living in the new city? How long will they stay before they look to move again? 

6. Employers Don’t Need It (Yet)

An employer doesn’t actually need your address when you’re applying for a job. They won’t need it until they have interviewed you, are seriously interested in making a job offer, and want to run a background check . They will ask you for it when they need it.

Why You Should Include Your Address on Your Resume

There are also circumstances where including your address can help you and not hurt your chances. Here are some of the reasons you might decide to keep your address on your resume.

1. You Live Near-By

Do you live close to the office or place of business? If so, including your home address could be considered favorable. The assumption is that you’ll be more punctual and focused at work and will be less stressed than those with a longer commute.   

2. You Live in a “Good” Neighborhood 

Positive discrimination also exists. It may not be fair, but if a potential employer sees that you live in a good neighborhood, they might be more impressed.

3. There is a Strong Sense of Community Around the Job

After graduation, I landed my first job because I grew up in the area and understood the community’s needs. I heard that this is what the manager said set my job application apart from the rest. They were looking for someone local with strong community ties and didn’t want someone who didn’t know the region.

4. Employers Expect To See It

Leaving information off your resume can raise questions for hiring managers. Are you trying to hide something? Do you not pay attention to detail? Are you the type of person who’s going to “break the rules” or not be able to follow simple instructions?

Yes, many assumptions are happening here, but traditionally speaking, people expect resumes to look a certain way. 

5. You Don’t Want an Incomplete Application 

If the company is using an Applicant Tracking System (ATS) to screen applicants (which most do), your address might be set up as a way to filter resumes. So, there is a chance that you are accidentally screening yourself out of the running by leaving it off.

Unfortunately, predicting what keywords or criteria a company will use is impossible. However, there are other options (which are covered next).

You also don’t know their internal application process. I realize this might sound ridiculous, but if the company has a record-keeping system that requires an address to create a file for you, they may skip over your resume and cover letter because they can’t add you to their system.   

Examples of How to (Safely) Include Your Address on Your Resume

Your resume has to have some contact information on it, and most online applications will require you to put something in the address field. So, what are your options for doing this safely without risking being rejected for the job?

1. Use Your City & State

One of the most straightforward solutions is to exclude your full street address and list the city and state (or province) where you live.

Example:  Jane Doe – Toronto, Ontario

2. Use Your City, State & Zip Code

Adding your zip code (or postal code) can help narrow down the area you live within your city, but it doesn’t explicitly tell anywhere where your house is.

Example: Jane Doe – Seattle, WA 98109

3. Use Your Region

If these options don’t work for you, consider using your region instead. It gives hiring managers a general idea of where you live without being too specific.

Example: John Doe – Upstate New York

4. Relocating to City & State

If you are relocating, you probably don’t have an address yet to include. In that case, you should include the city and state you’re relocating to, along with the date you anticipate moving. It’s up to you if you want to add your current address or not.

You should also mention this in your cover letter and let potential employers know what your relocating plan is to clarify any questions they may have.

Example: John Doe – Relocating to New York, NY in October 2024

Example: Jane Doe – Seattle, WA 98109 / Relocating to New York, NY in October 2024

5. No Address or Location

Lastly, if you choose not to disclose your location at all, be sure to include a phone number and email address where an employer can reach you. 

Example: John Doe – Phone (555) 555-5555 / Email: [email protected]

20 Reasons Why Getting a Job Has Nothing to Do With Your Qualifications

Should you include your address on your resume.

Deciding whether or not to include your address on your resume seems like one of the last things job seekers should have to fret about. But if you have privacy concerns, there are suitable options to use that don’t involve disclosing your home address.

What do you think? Do you use your full home address on your resume or one of the variations mentioned?

More Career Articles

• 25 Resume-Worthy Skills Employers Can’t Ignore (And Neither Should You!)
• The Best Way To Make A Resume: A Step By Step Guide

Employers Can’t Find Enough People To Fill These 20 Jobs