Reviewed papers and their subject fields
Number of papers/Year | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subject fields | No. of journals | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | Total no. of papers | % of papers |
Marketing | 14 | 16 | 23 | 34 | 36 | 23 | 26 | 76 | 234 | 24.8 |
General management | 12 | 18 | 32 | 20 | 33 | 27 | 43 | 47 | 220 | 23.3 |
Information management | 13 | 8 | 6 | 13 | 14 | 21 | 13 | 20 | 95 | 10.1 |
Operations, technology and management | 8 | 6 | 9 | 10 | 14 | 14 | 11 | 19 | 83 | 8.8 |
Strategic management | 2 | 25 | 8 | 3 | 17 | 7 | 3 | 19 | 82 | 8.7 |
Innovation | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 18 | 5 | 13 | 55 | 5.8 |
Entrepreneurship and small business management | 6 | 9 | 4 | 3 | 13 | 3 | 14 | 7 | 53 | 5.6 |
Business ethics and governance | 2 | 11 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 44 | 4.7 |
Business and area studies | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 26 | 2.8 |
Operations research and management science | 5 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 25 | 2.7 |
Organisation studies | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 16 | 1.7 |
Human resources management and employment studies | 2 | 2 | – | 1 | 3 | – | 1 | 2 | 9 | 1.0 |
International business and area studies | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | 0.1 |
Total | 76 | 111 | 102 | 103 | 151 | 124 | 130 | 222 | 943 | 100.0 |
Source of our sample
Journals | Number of papers | Weighting (%) |
---|---|---|
42 | 19.2 | |
28 | 12.8 | |
21 | 9.6 | |
16 | 7.3 | |
15 | 6.8 | |
11 | 5.0 | |
10 | 4.6 | |
8 | 3.7 | |
6 | 2.7 | |
Others | 62 | 28.3 |
Total | 219 | 100 |
Business model innovation areas and elements
Areas of innovation | Elements | Relevant questions | Variables | Studies |
---|---|---|---|---|
Value proposition (Why?) | Core offering | Why our products/services? | Value proposition | |
Value proposition | (2010) | |||
Value proposition | ||||
Value proposition | (2010) | |||
Value proposition | (2010) | |||
Type of offering | (2011) | |||
Offering | (2012) | |||
Offering | (2012) | |||
Product/Service offering | (2013) | |||
Customer value proposition | (2014) | |||
Change in offering | (2014) | |||
Product selection | (2015) | |||
Value propositions | ||||
Value proposition | (2015) | |||
Offering | (2016) | |||
Value proposition | (2016) | |||
Value proposition | (2016) | |||
Value proposition/Offering | (2016) | |||
Value proposition | ||||
Market offering | (2016) | |||
Customer needs | Why customers purchase our products/services? | Customer needs | (2011) | |
Perceived needs | ||||
Customer need | (2012) | |||
Customer engagement | ||||
Target customers | Why target the current segment(s)? | Target customers | (2010) | |
Target customers | (2012) | |||
Customer identification | ||||
Target segments | (2013) | |||
Target market Segment(s) | (2014) | |||
Target customers | (2014) | |||
Customer segments | ||||
Target customers | (2015) | |||
Target customers | (2016) | |||
Value delivery | (2016) | |||
Market/Customer segment | (2016) | |||
Customer segment | ||||
Customers | (2016) | |||
Customer perceived value | Why customers choose us? | Meeting local needs | (2010) | |
Affordability | (2011) | |||
Satisfy perceived needs | ||||
Operational value (What?) | Key assets | What assets do we need? | Key resources | (2011) |
Resources | (2012) | |||
Key assets | (2014) | |||
Key resources | ||||
Resources | (2016) | |||
Value creation | (2016) | |||
Key resources | (2016) | |||
Key resources | ||||
Resources | (2016) | |||
Key process | What processes do we require? | Key processes | (2011) | |
Technologies | ||||
Investment in technology | (2015) | |||
Processes | (2016) | |||
Value creation | (2016) | |||
Partners network | What relationships should we consider? | Value network | ||
Value network | ||||
Value network | (2010) | |||
Network architecture | ||||
Relationships | (2012) | |||
Value chain linkages | ||||
Partners’ network | (2014) | |||
Partner network | (2014) | |||
Partner network | (2015) | |||
Key partners | ||||
Partner network | (2015) | |||
Value networking | (2016) | |||
Supply chain | ||||
Network | (2016) | |||
Distribution channels | What channels can deliver our products/services? | Distribution channel | (2010) | |
Channel | (2011) | |||
Customer access | (2012) | |||
Distribution channel | (2014) | |||
Channels | ||||
Sales channels | ||||
Value delivery | (2016) | |||
Human capital (Who?) | Organisational learning | Who should be engaged in knowledge transfer activities? | Double loop learning | (2010) |
Experimentation process | (2012) | |||
Human resource practices | (2015) | |||
Skills and competencies | Who should execute specific activities? | Resources and competencies | ||
Core competency | (2010) | |||
Resources and competencies | ||||
Core internal competencies | (2013) | |||
Core competency | (2014) | |||
Core competences | (2015) | |||
Domain-specific know-how | (2015) | |||
Incentives | Who should be reward? | Incentives | (2011) | |
Human resource practices | (2015) | |||
Crowd rewards | ||||
Training | Who requires development to carry out specific activities? | Human resource practices | (2015) | |
Financial value (How?) | Revenue streams | How do we generate revenue? | Value finance | |
Volume and structure of revenues | ||||
Revenue model | (2010) | |||
Sales revenues | (2010) | |||
Revenue model | (2011) | |||
Revenue model | (2012) | |||
Monetisation | ||||
Revenue model | (2013) | |||
Revenue | (2013) | |||
Revenue drivers | (2013) | |||
Revenue model | (2014) | |||
Revenue streams | ||||
Type of revenue | (2015) | |||
Value appropriation | (2016) | |||
Revenue stream | (2016) | |||
Revenue model | ||||
Revenue | (2016) | |||
Revenues | (2016) | |||
Cost structure | How do we cost our products/services? | Value finance | ||
Volume and structure of costs | ||||
Cost structure | (2010) | |||
Cost structure | (2010) | |||
Cost structure | (2011) | |||
Cost | (2013) | |||
Cost model | (2013) | |||
Pricing approach | (2013) | |||
Cost structure | (2014) | |||
Cost structure | (2014) | |||
Cost consciousness | (2015) | |||
Company cost structure | ||||
Cost drivers | (2015) | |||
Value appropriation | (2016) | |||
Cost structure | (2016) | |||
Costs | (2016) | |||
Cost structure | ||||
Finances | (2016) | |||
Cash flow | How should we manage cash flow? | Capital employed | (2010) | |
Monetisation | ||||
Margins | How much surplus can we make? | Margin | ||
Profit formula | (2010) | |||
Economic profit equation | (2010) | |||
Profit formula | (2011) | |||
Profit model | (2012) | |||
Profit | (2013) | |||
Margins | (2013) | |||
Estimation of profit potential | (2014) | |||
Profit formula | (2015) | |||
Profit formula | (2016) |
ABS ( 2010 ), Academic Journal Quality Guide , Version 4 , The Association of Business Schools , London .
Al-Debei , M.M. and Avison , D. ( 2010 ), “ Developing a unified framework of the business model concept ”, European Journal of Information Systems , Vol. 19 No. 3 , pp. 359 - 376 .
Amit , R. and Zott , C. ( 2012 ), “ Creating value through business model innovation ”, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 53 No. 3 , pp. 41 - 49 .
Andries , P. and Debackere , K. ( 2013 ), “ Business model innovation: Propositions on the appropriateness of different learning approaches ”, Creativity and Innovation Management , Vol. 22 No. 4 , pp. 337 - 358 .
Baden-Fuller , C. and Haefliger , S. ( 2013 ), “ Business models and technological innovation ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 46 No. 6 , pp. 419 - 426 .
Belenzon , S. and Schankerman , M. ( 2015 ), “ Motivation and sorting of human capital in open innovation ”, Strategic Management Journal , Vol. 36 No. 6 , pp. 795 - 820 .
Bock , A.J. , Opsahl , T. , George , G. and Gann , D.M. ( 2012 ), “ The effects of culture and structure on strategic flexibility during business model innovation ”, Journal of Management Studies , Vol. 49 No. 2 , pp. 279 - 305 .
Brea-Solís , H. , Casadesus-Masanell , R. and Grifell-Tatjé , E. ( 2015 ), “ Business model evaluation: quantifying Walmart’s sources of advantage ”, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal , Vol. 9 No. 1 , pp. 12 - 33 .
Casadesus-Masanell , R. and Llanes , G. ( 2011 ), “ Mixed source ”, Management Science , Vol. 57 No. 7 , pp. 1212 - 1230 .
Casadesus-Masanell , R. and Ricart , J.E. ( 2010 ), “ From strategy to business models and onto tactics ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 195 - 215 .
Casadesus-Masanell , R. and Zhu , F. ( 2013 ), “ Business model innovation and competitive imitation: the case of sponsor-based business models ”, Strategic Management Journal , Vol. 34 No. 4 , pp. 464 - 482 .
Chatterjee , S. ( 2013 ), “ Simple rules for designing business models ”, California Management Review , Vol. 55 No. 2 , pp. 97 - 124 .
Cavalcante , S. , Kesting , P. and Ulhøi , J. ( 2011 ), “ Business model dynamics and innovation: (re)establishing the missing linkages ”, Management Decision , Vol. 49 No. 8 , pp. 1327 - 1342 .
Chesbrough , H. ( 2010 ), “ Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos. 2-3 , pp. 354 - 363 .
Chesbrough , H. and Rosenbloom , R.S. ( 2002 ), “ The role of the business model in capturing value from innovation: evidence from Xerox corporation’s technology spin off companies ”, Industrial & Corporate Change , Vol. 11 No. 3 , pp. 529 - 555 .
Christensen , C.M. , Bartman , T. and Van Bever , D. ( 2016 ), “ The hard truth about business model innovation ”, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 58 No. 1 , pp. 31 - 40 .
Cortimiglia , M.N. , Ghezzi , A. and Frank , A.G. ( 2016 ), “ Business model innovation and strategy making nexus: evidence from a cross‐industry mixed‐methods study ”, R&D Management , Vol. 46 No. 3 , pp. 414 - 432 .
Cucculelli , M. and Bettinelli , C. ( 2015 ), “ Business models, intangibles and firm performance: evidence on corporate entrepreneurship from Italian manufacturing SMEs ”, Small Business Economics , Vol. 45 No. 2 , pp. 329 - 350 .
Dahan , N.M. , Doh , J.P. , Oetzel , J. and Yaziji , M. ( 2010 ), “ Corporate-NGO collaboration: Co-creating new business models for developing markets ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 326 - 342 .
DaSilva , C.M. and Trkman , P. ( 2014 ), “ Business model: what it is and what it is not ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 47 No. 6 , pp. 379 - 389 .
Demil , B. and Lecocq , X. ( 2010 ), “ Business model evolution: in search of dynamic consistency ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 227 - 246 .
Dmitriev , V. , Simmons , G. , Truong , Y. , Palmer , M. and Schneckenberg , D. ( 2014 ), “ An exploration of business model development in the commercialization of technology innovations ”, R&D Management , Vol. 44 No. 3 , pp. 306 - 321 .
Dunford , R. , Palmer , I. and Benveniste , J. ( 2010 ), “ Business model replication for early and rapid internationalisation: the ING direct experience ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 5-6 , pp. 655 - 674 .
Esslinger , H. ( 2011 ), “ Sustainable design: beyond the innovation-driven business model ”, The Journal of Product Innovation Management , Vol. 28 No. 3 , pp. 401 - 404 .
Eyring , M.J. , Johnson , M.W. and Nair , H. ( 2011 ), “ New business models in emerging markets ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 89 No. 1 , pp. 89 - 95 .
Frankenberger , K. , Weiblen , T. and Gassmann , O. ( 2014 ), “ The antecedents of open business models: an exploratory study of incumbent firms ”, R&D Management , Vol. 44 No. 2 , pp. 173 - 188 .
Gambardella , A. and McGahan , A.M. ( 2010 ), “ Business-model innovation: general purpose technologies and their implications for industry structure ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 262 - 271 .
George , G. and Bock , A.J. ( 2011 ), “ The business model in practice and its implications for entrepreneurship research ”, Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice , Vol. 35 No. 1 , pp. 83 - 111 .
Girotra , K. and Netessine , S. ( 2011 ), “ How to build risk into your business model ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 89 No. 5 , pp. 100 - 105 .
Girotra , K. and Netessine , S. ( 2014 ), “ Four paths to business model innovation ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 92 No. 7 , pp. 96 - 103 .
Hartmann , P.M. , Hartmann , P.M. , Zaki , M. , Zaki , M. , Feldmann , N. and Neely , A. ( 2016 ), “ Capturing value from Big Data – a taxonomy of data-driven business models used by start-up firms ”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management , Vol. 36 No. 10 , pp. 1382 - 1406 .
Hlady-Rispal , M. and Servantie , V. ( 2016 ), “ Business models impacting social change in violent and poverty-stricken neighbourhoods: a case study in Colombia ”, International Small Business Journal , Vol. 35 No. 4 , pp. 1 - 22 .
Huang , H.C. , Lai , M.C. , Lin , L.H. and Chen , C.T. ( 2013 ), “ Overcoming organizational inertia to strengthen business model innovation: an open innovation perspective ”, Journal of Organizational Change Management , Vol. 26 No. 6 , pp. 977 - 1002 .
Huarng , K.-H. ( 2013 ), “ A two-tier business model and its realization for entrepreneurship ”, Journal of Business Research , Vol. 66 No. 10 , pp. 2102 - 2105 .
Iansiti , M. and Lakhani , K.R. ( 2014 ), “ Digital ubiquity: how connections, sensors, and data are revolutionizing business ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 92 No. 11 , pp. 91 - 99 .
Johnson , M.W. , Christensen , C.M. and Kagermann , H. ( 2008 ), “ Reinventing your business model ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 86 No. 12 , pp. 57 - 68 .
Karimi , J. and Walter , Z. ( 2016 ), “ Corporate entrepreneurship, disruptive business model innovation adoption, and its performance: the case of the newspaper industry ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 49 No. 3 , pp. 342 - 360 .
Kastalli , I. , Van Looy , B. and Neely , A. ( 2013 ), “ Steering manufacturing firms towards service business model innovation ”, California Management Review , Vol. 56 No. 1 , pp. 100 - 123 .
Kohler , T. ( 2015 ), “ Crowdsourcing-based business models ”, California Management Review , Vol. 57 No. 4 , pp. 63 - 84 .
Kiron , D. , Kruschwitz , N. , Haanaes , K. , Reeves , M. and Goh , E. ( 2013 ), “ The innovation bottom line ”, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 54 No. 2 , pp. 1 - 20 .
Klang , D. , Wallnöfer , M. and Hacklin , F. ( 2014 ), “ The business model paradox: a systematic review and exploration of antecedents ”, International Journal of Management Reviews , Vol. 16 No. 4 , pp. 454 - 478 .
Kortmann , S. and Piller , F. ( 2016 ), “ Open business models and closed-loop value chains ”, California Management Review , Vol. 58 No. 3 , pp. 88 - 108 .
Landau , C. , Karna , A. and Sailer , M. ( 2016 ), “ Business model adaptation for emerging markets: a case study of a German automobile manufacturer in India ”, R&D Management , Vol. 46 No. 3 , pp. 480 - 503 .
Lange , K. , Geppert , M. , Saka-Helmhout , A. and Becker-Ritterspach , F. ( 2015 ), “ Changing business models and employee representation in the airline industry: a comparison of British Airways and Deutsche Lufthansa ”, British Journal of Management , Vol. 26 No. 3 , pp. 388 - 407 .
McGrath , R.G. ( 2010 ), “ Business models: a discovery driven approach ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos. 2-3 , pp. 247 - 261 .
McNamara , P. , Peck , S.I. and Sasson , A. ( 2013 ), “ Competing business models, value creation and appropriation in English football ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 46 No. 6 , pp. 475 - 487 .
Markides , C.C. ( 2013 ), “ Business model innovation: what can the ambidexterity literature teach us? ”, Academy of Management Perspectives , Vol. 27 No. 3 , pp. 313 - 323 .
Mason , K. and Spring , M. ( 2011 ), “ The sites and practices of business models ”, Industrial Marketing Management , Vol. 40 No. 6 , pp. 1032 - 1041 .
Mehrizi , M.H.R. and Lashkarbolouki , M. ( 2016 ), “ Unlearning troubled business models: from realization to marginalization ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 49 No. 3 , pp. 298 - 323 .
Mezger , F. ( 2014 ), “ Toward a capability-based conceptualization of business model innovation: insights from an explorative study ”, R&D Management , Vol. 44 No. 5 , pp. 429 - 449 .
Michel , S. ( 2014 ), “ Capture more value ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 92 No. 4 , pp. 78 - 85 .
Morris , M.H. , Shirokova , G. and Shatalov , A. ( 2013 ), “ The business model and firm performance: the case of Russian food service ventures ”, Journal of Small Business Management , Vol. 51 No. 1 , pp. 46 - 65 .
Osterwalder , A. , Pigneur , Y. and Tucci , C.L. ( 2005 ), “ Clarifying business models: origins, present, and future of the concept ”, Communications of the Association for Information Systems , Vol. 16 No. 1 , pp. 1 - 25 .
Peters , C. , Blohm , I. and Leimeister , J.M. ( 2015 ), “ Anatomy of successful business models for complex services: insights from the telemedicine field ”, Journal of Management Information Systems , Vol. 32 No. 3 , pp. 75 - 104 .
Rajala , R. , Westerlund , M. and Möller , K. ( 2012 ), “ Strategic flexibility in open innovation – designing business models for open source software ”, European Journal of Marketing , Vol. 46 No. 10 , pp. 1368 - 1388 .
Roberge , M. ( 2015 ), “ The right way to use compensation: to shift strategy, change how you pay your team ”, Harvard Business Review , Vol. 93 No. 4 , pp. 70 - 75 .
Schneider , S. and Spieth , P. ( 2013 ), “ Business model innovation: towards an integrated future research agenda ”, International Journal of Innovation Management , Vol. 17 No. 1 , pp. 134 - 156 .
Shafer , S.M. , Smith , H.J. and Linder , J.C. ( 2005 ), “ The power of business models ”, Business Horizons , Vol. 48 No. 3 , pp. 199 - 207 .
Sinfield , J.V. , Calder , E. , McConnell , B. and Colson , S. ( 2012 ), “ How to identify new business models ”, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 53 No. 2 , pp. 85 - 90 .
Sinkovics , N. , Sinkovics , R.R. and Yamin , M. ( 2014 ), “ The role of social value creation in business model formulation at the bottom of the pyramid – implications for MNEs? ”, International Business Review , Vol. 23 No. 4 , pp. 692 - 707 .
Spieth , P. , Schneckenberg , D. and Ricart , J.E. ( 2014 ), “ Business model innovation – state of the art and future challenges for the field ”, R&D Management , Vol. 44 No. 3 , pp. 237 - 247 .
Sorescu , A. , Frambach , R.T. , Singh , J. , Rangaswamy , A. and Bridges , C. ( 2011 ), “ Innovations in retail business models ”, Journal of Retailing , Vol. 87 No. 1 , pp. S3 - S16 .
Sosna , M. , Trevinyo-Rodríguez , R.N. and Velamuri , S.R. ( 2010 ), “ Business model innovation through trial-and-error learning: the naturhouse case ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos. 2-3 , pp. 383 - 407 .
Storbacka , K. ( 2011 ), “ A solution business model: capabilities and management practices for integrated solutions ”, Industrial Marketing Management , Vol. 40 No. 5 , pp. 699 - 711 .
Taran , Y. , Boer , H. and Lindgren , P. ( 2015 ), “ A business model innovation typology ”, Decision Sciences , Vol. 46 No. 2 , pp. 301 - 331 .
Transfield , D. , Denyer , D. and Smart , P. ( 2003 ), “ Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review ”, British Journal of Management , Vol. 14 No. 3 , pp. 207 - 222 .
Teece , D.J. ( 2010 ), “ Business models, business strategy and innovation ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 172 - 194 .
Velu , C. ( 2015 ), “ Business model innovation and third-party alliance on the survival of new firms ”, Technovation , Vol. 35 No. 1 , pp. 1 - 11 .
Velu , C. ( 2016 ), “ Evolutionary or revolutionary business model innovation through coopetition? The role of dominance in network markets ”, Industrial Marketing Management , Vol. 53 No. 1 , pp. 124 - 135 .
Velu , C. and Jacob , A. ( 2014 ), “ Business model innovation and owner–managers: the moderating role of competition ”, R&D Management , Vol. 46 No. 3 , pp. 451 - 463 .
Visnjic , I. , Wiengarten , F. and Neely , A. ( 2016 ), “ Only the brave: product innovation, service business model innovation, and their impact on performance ”, Journal of Product Innovation Management , Vol. 33 No. 1 , pp. 36 - 52 .
Weill , P. and Woerner , S.L. ( 2013 ), “ Optimizing your digital business model ”, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 54 No. 3 , pp. 71 - 78 .
Wilson , F. and Post , J.E. ( 2013 ), “ Business models for people, planet (& profits): exploring the phenomena of social business, a market-based approach to social value creation ”, Small Business Economics , Vol. 40 No. 3 , pp. 715 - 737 .
Wirtz , B.W. , Pistoia , A. , Ullrich , S. and Göttel , V. ( 2016 ), “ Business models: origin, development and future research perspectives ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 49 No. 1 , pp. 36 - 54 .
Wu , X. , Ma , R. and Shi , Y. ( 2010 ), “ How do latecomer firms capture value from disruptive technologies? A secondary business-model innovation perspective ”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management , Vol. 57 No. 1 , pp. 51 - 62 .
Yunus , M. , Moingeon , B. and Lehmann-Ortega , L. ( 2010 ), “ Building social business models: lessons from the grameen experience ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 308 - 325 .
Zott , C. and Amit , R. ( 2010 ), “ Business model design: an activity system perspective ”, Long Range Planning , Vol. 43 Nos 2-3 , pp. 216 - 226 .
Zott , C. , Amit , R. and Massa , L. ( 2011 ), “ The business model: recent developments and future research ”, Journal of Management , Vol. 37 No. 4 , pp. 1019 - 1042 .
Weill , P. , Malone , T.W. and Apel , T.G. ( 2011 ), “ The business models investors prefer ”, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 52 No. 4 , pp. 17 - 19 .
Related articles, all feedback is valuable.
Please share your general feedback
Contact Customer Support
Got a new business idea, but don’t know how to put it to work? Want to improve your existing business model? Overwhelmed by writing your business plan? There is a one-page technique that can provide you the solution you are looking for, and that’s the business model canvas.
In this guide, you’ll have the Business Model Canvas explained, along with steps on how to create one. All business model canvas examples in the post can be edited online.
A business model is simply a plan describing how a business intends to make money. It explains who your customer base is and how you deliver value to them and the related details of financing. And the business model canvas lets you define these different components on a single page.
The Business Model Canvas is a strategic management tool that lets you visualize and assess your business idea or concept. It’s a one-page document containing nine boxes that represent different fundamental elements of a business.
The business model canvas beats the traditional business plan that spans across several pages, by offering a much easier way to understand the different core elements of a business.
The right side of the canvas focuses on the customer or the market (external factors that are not under your control) while the left side of the canvas focuses on the business (internal factors that are mostly under your control). In the middle, you get the value propositions that represent the exchange of value between your business and your customers.
The business model canvas was originally developed by Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur and introduced in their book ‘ Business Model Generation ’ as a visual framework for planning, developing and testing the business model(s) of an organization.
Why do you need a business model canvas? The answer is simple. The business model canvas offers several benefits for businesses and entrepreneurs. It is a valuable tool and provides a visual and structured approach to designing, analyzing, optimizing, and communicating your business model.
Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to create a business canvas model.
Step 1: Gather your team and the required material Bring a team or a group of people from your company together to collaborate. It is better to bring in a diverse group to cover all aspects.
While you can create a business model canvas with whiteboards, sticky notes, and markers, using an online platform like Creately will ensure that your work can be accessed from anywhere, anytime. Create a workspace in Creately and provide editing/reviewing permission to start.
Step 2: Set the context Clearly define the purpose and the scope of what you want to map out and visualize in the business model canvas. Narrow down the business or idea you want to analyze with the team and its context.
Step 3: Draw the canvas Divide the workspace into nine equal sections to represent the nine building blocks of the business model canvas.
Step 4: Identify the key building blocks Label each section as customer segment, value proposition, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, and cost structure.
Step 5: Fill in the canvas Work with your team to fill in each section of the canvas with relevant information. You can use data, keywords, diagrams, and more to represent ideas and concepts.
Step 6: Analyze and iterate Once your team has filled in the business model canvas, analyze the relationships to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges. Discuss improvements and make adjustments as necessary.
Step 7: Finalize Finalize and use the model as a visual reference to communicate and align your business model with stakeholders. You can also use the model to make informed and strategic decisions and guide your business.
There are nine building blocks in the business model canvas and they are:
Customer relationships, revenue streams, key activities, key resources, key partners, cost structure.
When filling out a Business Model Canvas, you will brainstorm and conduct research on each of these elements. The data you collect can be placed in each relevant section of the canvas. So have a business model canvas ready when you start the exercise.
Let’s look into what the 9 components of the BMC are in more detail.
These are the groups of people or companies that you are trying to target and sell your product or service to.
Segmenting your customers based on similarities such as geographical area, gender, age, behaviors, interests, etc. gives you the opportunity to better serve their needs, specifically by customizing the solution you are providing them.
After a thorough analysis of your customer segments, you can determine who you should serve and ignore. Then create customer personas for each of the selected customer segments.
There are different customer segments a business model can target and they are;
Use STP Model templates for segmenting your market and developing ideal marketing campaigns
Visualize, assess, and update your business model. Collaborate on brainstorming with your team on your next business model innovation.
In this section, you need to establish the type of relationship you will have with each of your customer segments or how you will interact with them throughout their journey with your company.
There are several types of customer relationships
You can understand the kind of relationship your customer has with your company through a customer journey map . It will help you identify the different stages your customers go through when interacting with your company. And it will help you make sense of how to acquire, retain and grow your customers.
This block is to describe how your company will communicate with and reach out to your customers. Channels are the touchpoints that let your customers connect with your company.
Channels play a role in raising awareness of your product or service among customers and delivering your value propositions to them. Channels can also be used to allow customers the avenue to buy products or services and offer post-purchase support.
There are two types of channels
Revenues streams are the sources from which a company generates money by selling their product or service to the customers. And in this block, you should describe how you will earn revenue from your value propositions.
A revenue stream can belong to one of the following revenue models,
There are several ways you can generate revenue from
What are the activities/ tasks that need to be completed to fulfill your business purpose? In this section, you should list down all the key activities you need to do to make your business model work.
These key activities should focus on fulfilling its value proposition, reaching customer segments and maintaining customer relationships, and generating revenue.
There are 3 categories of key activities;
This is where you list down which key resources or the main inputs you need to carry out your key activities in order to create your value proposition.
There are several types of key resources and they are
Key partners are the external companies or suppliers that will help you carry out your key activities. These partnerships are forged in oder to reduce risks and acquire resources.
Types of partnerships are
In this block, you identify all the costs associated with operating your business model.
You’ll need to focus on evaluating the cost of creating and delivering your value propositions, creating revenue streams, and maintaining customer relationships. And this will be easier to do so once you have defined your key resources, activities, and partners.
Businesses can either be cost-driven (focuses on minimizing costs whenever possible) and value-driven (focuses on providing maximum value to the customer).
This is the building block that is at the heart of the business model canvas. And it represents your unique solution (product or service) for a problem faced by a customer segment, or that creates value for the customer segment.
A value proposition should be unique or should be different from that of your competitors. If you are offering a new product, it should be innovative and disruptive. And if you are offering a product that already exists in the market, it should stand out with new features and attributes.
Value propositions can be either quantitative (price and speed of service) or qualitative (customer experience or design).
One thing to remember when creating a business model canvas is that it is a concise and focused document. It is designed to capture key elements of a business model and, as such, should not include detailed information. Some of the items to avoid include,
Once you have completed your business model canvas, you can share it with your organization and stakeholders and get their feedback as well. The business model canvas is a living document, therefore after completing it you need to revisit and ensure that it is relevant, updated and accurate.
What best practices do you follow when creating a business model canvas? Do share your tips with us in the comments section below.
Join over thousands of organizations that use Creately to brainstorm, plan, analyze, and execute their projects successfully.
Amanda Athuraliya is the communication specialist/content writer at Creately, online diagramming and collaboration tool. She is an avid reader, a budding writer and a passionate researcher who loves to write about all kinds of topics.
Chat with Paper: Save time, read 10X faster with AI
Citation Count
Initiation and implementation of dual business model innovation in the firm, conclusion, conceptual framework, and future research, the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research, the practice of management, the role of the business model in capturing value from innovation: evidence from xerox corporation's technology spin‐off companies, why business models matter., 管理的实践=the practice of management, related papers (5), trending questions (3).
Business is crucial for society when it operates ethically, socially, and ecologically. Profit-driven enterprises must benefit society and avoid harming nature, emphasizing innovative and sustainable business models for societal well-being.
The paper discusses the importance of business models, including the consideration of ethical, social, and ecological factors.
The paper does not provide information about the advantages and disadvantages of different business models.
Could you list all of the key building blocks you need to develop, manage, maintain, market, and sell a product on a single sheet of paper? With the business model canvas, you can! Using the business model canvas approach is a great way to force yourself to focus on the most strategically important elements of your product. As the name suggests, the typical use case for this tool is to outline the fundamental building blocks of a business, but it also can work really well for a product.
Today we’ll show you how the business model canvas works and how you can use it to come up with a high-level product strategy.
As you can see from the sample example below (thanks, Strategyzer.com), a business model canvas is a one-page summary describing the high-level strategic details needed to get a business (or product) successfully to market.
The categories or buckets contained in a canvas can be customized. But most will look similar to the one here—covering such key areas as:
If you think about it, that’s a fairly comprehensive set of building blocks you’ll need to think through for your product before you begin developing it. There will certainly be additional factors that’ll affect your strategy, but if you can fill in these high-level details—which, as you can see, should fit comfortably on a single page—you’ll have a useful strategic guide for developing your product roadmap.
Okay, but why? What’s the benefit of building a business model canvas (or the, even more, stripped-down variation, the lean canvas) to guide my product roadmap ?
There are plenty of reasons. But simply put, you can think of a business model canvas as a mission statement for your product roadmap. It’s a handy reference you can refer to, to make sure your roadmap always reflects all the strategic elements needed for your product’s success.
Tweet This: “Think of a business model canvas as a mission statement for your product roadmap.”
Our co-founder Jim Semick has a couple of great short videos explaining the business model canvas concept, which you can check out in the player below.
As Jim explains, here are a few of the benefits of using a business model canvas to think through product strategies:
You can use this canvas approach in just a few hours (and as Jim says, you can even do it with sticky-notes).
This way, rather than trying to write out every detail about your product plan beforehand, you can just document the highlights—and then you can get rolling translating the canvas into your product roadmap.
One problem with the old structure of documenting a business model—the traditional business plan—was that it was almost always inaccurate as soon as the author finished drafting it.
These meaty plans included detailed cost estimates, revenue projections going years into the future, and long-term plans for growing the staff. How could any of that remain accurate for long?
In product terms, you can think of the business plan as resembling an MRD (Market Requirements Document). It’s long, detailed, and probably mostly untrue by the time it’s done.
But because you can put a canvas together so quickly, it will much more accurately reflect your strategic thinking and your company’s current reality. And if things change, it’ll be easier than a long and detailed plan to adjust. This brings us to Jim’s third benefit…
If you build a business model canvas to guide your business roadmap , and something happens that forces you to re-prioritize or pivot your product , it will be a lot easier to update this short, high-level document than it would be if you had some monster MRD or business plan to tear apart and edit.
With a one-page business model canvas acting as the strategic undergirding for your roadmap, you’ll always be able to quickly spot any items or plans that need updating whenever priorities change or new realities demand that you adjust your approach.
The alexa example.
Let’s talk through a hypothetical example, using Amazon’s Echo device (“Alexa”) as our guide.
Imagine that as they were talking through what belonged in the “Revenue Streams” bucket of the business model canvas, Amazon’s Echo team came up with three sources of revenue to start with:
1) Selling Echo devices.
2) Using the device to sell other stuff as customers ask it to connect to the Amazon marketplace. (“Alexa, please add laundry detergent pods to my shopping cart.”)
3) Licensing Echo’s proprietary speech-recognition technology to other businesses.
Now, if the Echo product team put these on their business model canvas, they’d know that they need to make room for budget, time, and resources on their product roadmap for all of these revenue streams.
Or think about the Channels bucket in the business model canvas. If your team was building out a canvas, maybe you’d have several ideas for reaching customers:
1) The in-house sales team. 2) Affiliate partners. 3) Word-of-mouth advertising from users.
It’s easy to write. But how are you going to translate that “word-of-mouth” strategy into an actual plan?
Maybe you’ll need to budget time and resources for developing things right into your product that make it easier for users to share their experiences with friends, such as a handy tool to help them tweet about it. Maybe you’ll even want to include an “Invite a friend” feature that lets users easier send a trial license to friends, or a couponing feature that offers some reward to a user who brings in two more users.
The point is, your business model canvas can serve as a great strategic reminder of the things you’ve determined are important enough to make it onto your product roadmap .
So you can always look back and see immediately—it’s just one page, after all—if you’re still working on all of the essential elements of your product, or if you’ve inadvertently strayed from them and gotten lost in the wrong details.
That’s why we’re big proponents of the business model canvas approach to guiding your product roadmap .
Do you have an opinion about using the business model canvas approach for developing and documenting your product’s strategy? Feel free to share them in the comments section.
If you want to become a software developer, one option is to major in computer science or software engineering in...
Agile started with software development. Although many organizations have found the principles beneficial. The ability to quickly assess, adjust, and...
Product roadmaps shouldn’t be a one-size-fits-all proposition, as different stakeholders care about various elements and require different levels of detail....
You can search or explore specific categories.
Company news and updates, templates and workbooks, remote product management, product metrics and analytics, product strategy example, product managers, prioritization and backlog, tools and resources, customer-centricity, product leadership, product management, roadmap and roadmap management, product strategy, agile & product development, career and interviews, try productplan free for 14 days, share on mastodon.
Business Essay Examples
14 min read
Published on: May 1, 2023
Last updated on: Jan 30, 2024
Share this article
Are you struggling to figure out the structure, research, or data required to make your essay stand out? Or frustrated by the lack of inspiration and ideas for your essay?
But don't give up yet! We have a powerful solution that will make your essay writing a breeze. Our list of business essay examples is here to help!
We have compiled expertly written business essay examples that will illustrate how to write a striking business essay.
With our examples, you'll be able to see how to structure your essay and generate creative ideas for your topic. And our tips will help you make the most of these examples.
So, let's dive in and get ready to learn!
On This Page On This Page -->
A business essay is a type of academic writing that focuses on business-related topics and issues. These essays can cover a wide range of topics such as marketing, finance, management, entrepreneurship, and more.
The importance of business essay lies in presenting a well-researched and informed analysis. To do this effectively, writers need to conduct extensive research and analysis on the topic at hand.
Referring to examples of business essays can help you gain insight into the structure, tone, and content of a well-written essay.
Here is a list of business writing examples
Business Essay Examples Pdf
Business Essay Example Grade 10
Business Essay Example Grade 11
A Level Business Essay Examples
University Business Essay Examples
International Business Essay Examples
Short Essay About Business
College Essay About Starting A Business
When it comes to business essay writing, there are several different types that you might encounter.
Here's a brief overview of each type, including their characteristics and an example of each.
Paper Due? Why Suffer? That's our Job!
A case study is an in-depth analysis of a specific business situation or problem. It involves extensive research and data analysis to provide recommendations.
Case studies often showcase the application of theory to real-world business scenarios.
In today's highly competitive business environment, it's essential for companies to have effective marketing strategies that can help increase sales and generate revenue. In this case study, we will examine how Company X, a leading retailer, was able to increase their sales through an innovative marketing approach. Company X was facing tough competition from other retailers in the market. They needed to find a way to differentiate themselves and attract more customers. They decided to focus on their customer experience by offering personalized recommendations, exclusive discounts, and rewards programs. They also implemented a multi-channel marketing approach that utilized social media, email marketing, and targeted advertising. Their efforts paid off as they saw a significant increase in customer engagement and sales. Their personalized recommendations and rewards program helped to build customer loyalty, while their multi-channel marketing approach helped them reach a wider audience. Furthermore, Company X also used data analysis and optimization to continuously improve their marketing strategies. They tracked their marketing campaigns and analyzed the results to identify what worked and what didn't. This allowed them to adjust their approach and optimize their marketing spend. In conclusion, Company X was able to increase their sales by implementing effective marketing strategies that focused on the customer experience, utilized a multi-channel approach, and used data analysis for optimization. Their success shows that with the right marketing approach, businesses can achieve their goals and stand out in a highly competitive market. |
Research papers involve a more academic approach to business writing. They typically require an extensive literature review, data analysis, and original research.
Business research papers aim to contribute new knowledge to the field of business. These often involve a hypothesis or research question.
The relationship between employee satisfaction and company profitability has been widely studied and documented in academic literature. A number of studies have consistently shown a positive correlation between employee satisfaction and company profitability (Bockerman & Ilmakunnas, 2012; Saks, 2006). When employees are satisfied, they are more engaged, productive, and committed to the success of the company. This leads to increased profitability and a competitive advantage in the market. Employee satisfaction also has a significant impact on reducing employee turnover and associated costs. Studies have shown that when employees are satisfied, they are less likely to leave their jobs, reducing recruitment and training costs for the company (Harter, Schmidt, & Hayes, 2002). Moreover, employee satisfaction can lead to positive word-of-mouth advertising and increased customer satisfaction. Satisfied employees are more likely to provide excellent customer service, leading to increased customer loyalty and repeat business (Heskett, Sasser, & Schlesinger, 1997). Therefore, it's essential for businesses to prioritize employee satisfaction by providing a positive work environment, opportunities for growth and development, fair compensation, and benefits. Businesses should also regularly assess employee satisfaction levels and address any issues promptly. In conclusion, the evidence shows that employee satisfaction is a crucial factor in the success of a company. By prioritizing employee satisfaction, businesses can increase profitability, reduce turnover costs, and improve customer satisfaction. It's essential for businesses to invest in employee satisfaction and consider it a corporate social responsibility to gain a competitive advantage in the market and achieve long-term success. |
Argumentative business essays aim to persuade the reader to adopt a particular point of view or take a specific action. They present an argument and use evidence and logic to support their claims.
Argumentative essays can address various business topics such as management practices, ethical issues, or market trends.
Benefits of Telecommuting for Companies and Employees Telecommuting, or working from home, has become increasingly popular in the business world in the United States and globally as well. While some employers are still skeptical about the effectiveness of telecommuting, there are many benefits to this work arrangement for both companies and employees. One major benefit of telecommuting is increased productivity. Studies have shown that employees who work from home are often more productive than those who work in traditional office settings. This is likely due to a combination of factors, including fewer distractions, less time spent commuting, and greater flexibility in scheduling. Another benefit of telecommuting is reduced overhead costs for companies. By allowing employees to work from home, companies can save money on office space, utilities, and other expenses. This can be especially beneficial for small businesses or startups that are operating on a tight budget. Telecommuting also has benefits for employees. It can reduce stress and improve work-life balance by allowing employees to spend more time with their families and avoid long commutes. It can also be a valuable perk for attracting and retaining top talent, especially in industries where remote work is becoming increasingly common. Of course, there are some potential downsides to telecommuting as well. For example, it can be more difficult to collaborate with colleagues and build strong relationships with coworkers when working remotely. Additionally, some employees may struggle with self-discipline and motivation when working from home. Overall, however, the benefits of telecommuting for both companies and employees are clear. By embracing this work arrangement, businesses can increase productivity, reduce costs, and improve employee satisfaction and retention. |
A white paper is a document that provides a detailed explanation of a particular issue or problem, often with recommendations or solutions.
White papers are typically used to educate stakeholders about a specific topic. These are often used in the business-to-business (B2B) context.
Navigating the Benefits and Challenges of Implementing a New CRM System: Insights for Informed Decision Making. Implementing a new customer relationship management (CRM) system can be a challenging yet highly beneficial undertaking for businesses. In this white paper, we will outline the benefits and challenges of implementing a new CRM system and provide insights to help businesses make informed decisions. Benefits of implementing a new CRM system: Improved customer experience: A CRM system can help businesses gain a better understanding of their customers' needs and preferences, allowing them to tailor their products and services accordingly. This can lead to increased customer satisfaction and loyalty. Increased efficiency: A CRM system can automate many processes, such as customer data management and lead tracking, freeing up valuable time for employees to focus on more strategic tasks. Better data management: A CRM system can provide businesses with a central database for customer information, making it easier to manage and analyze data. This can lead to more informed decision-making and better business outcomes. Challenges of implementing a new CRM system: Cost: Implementing a new CRM system can be expensive, with costs including software licensing, hardware upgrades, and employee training. Implementation time: Implementing a new CRM system can take several months, during which time businesses may experience disruptions to their operations. Resistance to change: Some employees may resist the implementation of a new CRM system, requiring significant effort from management to ensure buy-in and adoption. |
Comparative business essays compare and contrast two or more topics or ideas. They typically analyze the similarities and differences between the topics to evaluate their pros and cons.
Comparative essays can focus on various aspects such as products, companies, markets, or strategies.
Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are two of the biggest soft drink companies in the world. Both companies have been in competition for decades, and their marketing strategies have evolved over time. This comparative essay will analyze the marketing strategies of Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. Coca-Cola is known for its classic marketing campaigns that focus on emotions and memories. One of their most famous campaigns is the "Share a Coke" campaign, where the company personalized its products with customers' names. This campaign helped Coca-Cola increase its sales and improve customer loyalty. PepsiCo, on the other hand, is known for its focus on youth culture and celebrity endorsements. The company has collaborated with popular musicians and actors such as Beyoncé and Michael Jackson to promote its products. This marketing strategy has helped PepsiCo attract younger consumers and improve brand recognition. When comparing the marketing strategies of Coca-Cola and PepsiCo, it is important to note that both companies have their strengths and weaknesses. While Coca-Cola's emotional marketing approach has helped it establish a strong brand identity, PepsiCo's focus on youth culture has helped it appeal to a wider audience. In conclusion, the marketing strategies of Coca-Cola and PepsiCo differ significantly, but both companies have been successful in their own right. It is up to each company to determine which marketing approach works best for them and their target audience. Choosing the appropriate essay type can help you in effectively conveying your message to the target audience. |
As you begin writing your business essay, it's important to structure it in a clear and organized way.
Here's a step-by-step guide with business essay samples to help you do just that:
The executive summary is a brief overview of your entire essay. It should summarize your main points and highlight your recommendations.
This section should be written after completing the essay, as it gives a clear picture of what the essay covers.
Here is how you start a business essay sample:
This essay provides an in-depth analysis of the marketing strategies employed by Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. The essay highlights the similarities and differences between the two companies' approaches to product development, distribution, and advertising. Based on the analysis, recommendations are made for how each company can improve their marketing strategies to better meet the needs of their target audience. The implementation plan outlines the steps necessary for each company to execute these recommendations successfully. |
The introduction sets the stage for the rest of the essay. It should introduce the topic, provide background information, and explain the purpose of the essay.
Here is a business essay introduction example:
In recent years, the concept of telecommuting has gained popularity as a means of increasing productivity and reducing costs for companies while providing flexibility for employees. This essay will explore the benefits of telecommuting for both companies and employees, including increased productivity, cost savings, and improved work-life balance. Additionally, the essay will discuss potential challenges associated with telecommuting and provide recommendations for successful implementation of a telecommuting program. |
In this section, you'll conduct a thorough analysis of the industry in which the business operates. You should examine factors such as competition, market trends, and customer behavior.
Here is a sample industry analysis
An analysis of the soft drink industry reveals a highly competitive market dominated by two major players, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. Both companies have a strong global presence and compete fiercely for market share. Recent trends in the industry show a shift towards healthier beverage options, with consumers becoming increasingly health-conscious. This has led to a rise in demand for low-sugar and low-calorie alternatives, such as sparkling water and fruit-infused drinks. In addition, technological advancements in the industry have allowed for greater customization and personalization of products, with companies using data analytics to better understand consumer preferences and target their marketing efforts. |
This section should identify the main issues or problems faced by the business. You should provide evidence to support your claims and analyze the impact of these issues.
Here is an example paragraph:
In recent years, the XYZ Corporation has faced several key issues that have impacted its bottom line. One of the main issues is increasing competition from new entrants in the market. This has led to a decrease in market share and reduced profit margins for the company. Additionally, there has been a shift in consumer preferences towards more environmentally-friendly products, which the company has been slow to adapt to. These issues have caused significant concern for stakeholders and highlight the need for the company to address these challenges in a timely manner. |
Here, you'll provide solutions or recommendations to address the issues identified in the previous section. Your solutions should be well-supported and feasible.
For instance:
To address the issues of low employee morale and high turnover rates, the company should consider implementing an employee engagement program. This could include regular employee feedback sessions, recognition and reward programs, and opportunities for career growth and development. By investing in their employees' well-being and growth, the company can create a more positive work environment and reduce turnover rates. Additionally, the company should consider implementing a mentorship program to provide guidance and support to new employees, which can also contribute to employee retention and overall job satisfaction. |
For this part, you'll outline a plan for implementing the solutions or recommendations you've proposed. This is sort of a description of the business model you suggest.
This section should be detailed and include specific action steps.
For example:
The implementation plan for our proposed solutions will involve several key steps. Firstly, we will need to gather a team of experts to oversee the implementation process. This team will be responsible for coordinating with various departments within the company, such as global marketing and operations, to ensure that the plan is executed smoothly. Secondly, we will need to allocate the necessary resources, such as funding and manpower, to carry out the plan. Finally, we will need to establish a timeline with specific deadlines for each action step, so that we can track our progress and make adjustments as needed. |
Finally, you'll wrap up your essay by summarizing your main points and reiterating your recommendations.
This section should be clear, concise, and impactful.
In conclusion, this essay has highlighted the importance of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in modern businesses. The analysis of industry trends and key issues facing businesses has shown that effective use of CRM can improve customer satisfaction, increase sales, and ultimately lead to a competitive advantage. Through the proposed solutions and implementation plan outlined in this essay, businesses can overcome the challenges of implementing a new CRM system and reap the benefits. It is recommended that businesses invest in CRM and continuously evaluate their usage to stay ahead of the competition in the ever-changing market. |
By following this structure, your business essay will be well-organized, coherent, and easy to follow for your readers.
Now that you have quite a few business essay examples at hand, you should know how to use them effectively:
You now have a plenty of business essay examples on different topics to help you get started!
By following our tips and studying the sample essays, you can confidently write your own essays that are clear, concise, and impactful.
However, if you still find yourself struggling with your business essays, just reach out to our professional business essay writing service .
We have the best online essay writing service and are ready to provide you a high-quality business. Our writing service has subject specialist writers who can tackle any business essay topic.
So why wait? Contact us today and let our AI essay writer take your business essays to the next level!
Cathy A. (Literature)
For more than five years now, Cathy has been one of our most hardworking authors on the platform. With a Masters degree in mass communication, she knows the ins and outs of professional writing. Clients often leave her glowing reviews for being an amazing writer who takes her work very seriously.
Paper Due? Why Suffer? That’s our Job!
Legal & Policies
Disclaimer: All client orders are completed by our team of highly qualified human writers. The essays and papers provided by us are not to be used for submission but rather as learning models only.
ESSAY SAUCE
FOR STUDENTS : ALL THE INGREDIENTS OF A GOOD ESSAY
Essay details and download:.
This page of the essay has 2,503 words. Download the full version above.
Business model
Business strategy is an essential component to a firm’s business model and is a vital player in aiding the firm drive itself to achieve its mission. Through a clear business strategy a firm can derive its position in the long term and create a competitive advantage in the market for itself. In this essay we explore the business model of Ryanair and assess their strategy. Ryanair is an Irish low cost airline headquartered in Dublin founded in 1985. It operates 181 aircrafts over 729 routes across Europe and North Africa from 31 bases. Ryanair has seen large success over the recent years due to its low-cost business model and has become the world’s largest airline in terms of international passenger numbers. Taking Porter’s generic business strategies into consideration, Ryanair operates a cost-leadership strategy to drive itself into achieving its mission of being the leading European low-cost carrier (LCC). Throughout this essay the business strategy of Ryanair will be analysed and the sustainability of their model evaluated.
Ryanair’s objective is ‘to firmly establish itself as Europe’s leading low-fares scheduled passenger airline through continued improvements and expanded offerings of its low-fares service’ (Ryanair). Considering their objectives and mission, Ryanair’s decision on their cost-leadership strategy was based on a few main factors which are discussed below.
A major influence was the deregulation of the airline industry in 1978 which removed government intervention within the European continent. Under the new rules, routes and fare decisions were made by individual airlines which meant that they could compete on other factors besides food, cabin crew and frequency. As a result of deregulation, a large number of new airline start-ups emerged within the EU and competition among airlines increased dramatically resulting in downward price pressures. Ryanair was established to take full advantage of these market conditions. By offering low prices, Ryanair entered a huge and virtually unlimited market.
Having seen the major success of the low cost carrier Southwest in the United States, Ryanair decided to follow in their footsteps by establishing a LCC for the European continent that targeted fare conscious leisure travellers and regular low cost business travellers. By doing this Ryanair became the first low-fare airline in Europe. However, they took the Southwest model further by offering no drinks and snacks at all and abolishing the frequent flyer program which Southwest up to this day offers its customers (Boesch 2007).
The evaluation of Porters five forces influenced Ryanair’s choice of a cost-leadership strategy, as the threat presented by new entrants and the threat of substitutes could hinder their success. The threat of new entrants is high within the aviation industry which meant that low fares would help drive away any further competition. The threat of substitutes to Ryanair had to also be carefully examined. Their primary market, Europe, had the availability of high speed trains and car holidays. For Ryanair to be successful, prices had to be low to attract the public, and resist strong competition from substitutes like Eurostar.
As Europe’s largest low fare airline, Ryanair’s competitive advantage remains in their ability to continue as cost leaders; providing the cheapest fares to its customers. This dictates that the company must minimise its own costs to ensure that they are able to offer customers the service at a price below their direct competitors. This leads us to consider some key functional strategies which directly help Ryanair towards their ultimate goal ‘to be Europe’s leading low fares airline’ (Ryanair).
The marketing strategy is perhaps the most obvious and significant functional strategy of Ryanair. Low fares are designed to stimulate demand, attracting fare-conscious travellers, those who may have used alternative forms of transportation or even those who may have not travelled at all. Penetration pricing as it is called helps gain market share and simply, more customers equals more revenue (Wheelen & Hunger 2006). Tickets are almost solely sold on their website ‘www.ryanair.com’ which very importantly keeps sales costs to a minimum since very few phone operators are employed and computers are able to cheaply handle all functions of sales. With ever increasing accessibility of the internet globally anybody with internet access can buy airline tickets from Ryanair, so distribution practically takes care of itself through this medium. Ryan Air relies on low cost promotions and in recent times has concentrated on their ‘One million seats at one pound’ which is usually advertised through their internet site, national press and bulletin boards. It is the simplicity of this promotion which helps keep costs low since expensive advertising agencies can be entirely avoided and advertising can be dealt with in house.
Ryanair’s operations strateg1y determines how the airline will deploy its resources and the policies it will operate by. To keep costs low they operate a ‘no frills’ service onboard aircraft. This means the fare only includes the flight. There are however a number of other measures directly related to a no frills service. These include ticketless boarding, unallocated seats, one class of travel, costs for check-in baggage, no refund policy, basic seats (to increase aircraft capacity) and charging for any additional service. All this significantly reduces costs to Ryanair. The Achilles heel of Ryanair is their greater aircraft utilisation through super quick turnaround times. Essentially this means the aircraft spends very little time on the ground, they achieve this through their human resource policies and by having none or very little cargo in the baggage hold to speed up loading and unloading of the aircraft.
Logistics strategy deals with the flow of products into and out of Ryanair. Again there is heavy emphasis on cost saving and reducing measures. Ryanair fly to secondary airports which are potentially much further from the City centre but accessible enough by other forms of ground transportation. At these airports Ryanair are able to negotiate extremely aggressively and demand the lowest landing and handling fees. Additionally Ryanair is usually able to gain financial assistance with marketing and promotional campaigns at these airports.
As cost leader Ryanair strives to undercut all its rivals but this means very low income per fare and requires maximum utilisation of its resources. Fortunately their financial policy ensures they are able to still profit handsomely from rock bottom fares. The aim is to breakeven on fares but to make their profits out of ancillary charges and commissions from their partners. Ryanair has a number of affiliates such as Hertz car rental, Acumus insurance and booking.com all of whom are advertised readily on the Ryanair website. Since the website has high website traffic its partners are able to reach out to Ryanair’s huge client base and are prepared to pay good commissions to the firm for this privilege (IdeaWorks). Ryanair also generate income from advertising on board the aircraft. Ancillary revenue is generated from many of the services that traditional airlines wouldn’t charge for, such as large baggage into the cargo hold, allocated seating, snacks and drinks.
Ryanair’s strategy when purchasing aircraft is to buy new, uniform aircraft. This is beneficial for a number of reasons all of which directly help cost saving measures. Firstly, by being able to order same aircraft in bulk they are able to negotiate a better price per aircraft. Secondly, uniform aircraft mean that there are potential savings in staff training; air stewards being more familiar with all aircraft and maintenance will be simpler. Finally by buying new, the company has safer, more fuel efficient planes with lower maintenance costs. Safer aircraft also means greater consumer confidence, equating to more fare sales.
Furthermore Ryanair aggressively hedge and fix as many of their costs as possible, such as oil and aircraft prices so they are not subject to future price fluctuations which could adversely affect profitability (Stone 2008).
The human resource policy is again directly related to reducing costs. Employees are expected to pay for their own uniform and equipment. Training given is the required minimum and staff utilisation is among the highest in the airline industry. Many staff are employed on performance contracts and those who do not meet their expectations are readily replaced. Staff are also expected to take on a number of roles, cabin staff will also clean the aircraft prior to the next service, check in staff assist in boarding the aircraft etc.
Ryanair has successfully experienced years of growth both in the number of its aircrafts and passengers since its launch. However, with the global financial system recently suffering its greatest crisis in more than 70 years, existing business models of many aviation firms are coming under great strain. As this economic downturn bankrupts LCCs like XL and Zoom with more expected to follow, the question is whether Ryanair’s cost-leadership strategy is sustainable or not as it continues to offer lower fares in the face of high costs. Although Ryanair has posted losses along with other aviation firms for the latest quarter, it is expected to emerge from this downturn with fewer competitors because its €1.8 billon balance sheet is one of the strongest in the industry. Additionally, as the credit crunch takes its toll, traditional airlines are not in a position to cut fares and the threat of new LCCs is virtually eliminated due to the lack of financing. Although Ryanair faces competition from substitutes like Eurostar, it is at an advantage because of Eurostar’s limited destinations.
Ryanair is sticking to its mantra, when the going gets tough, sell more seats for almost nothing (Symonds 2008). By offering low fares, Ryanair expects passengers to trade down to the low cost airlines rather than stop flying completely. This trend appears accurate so far based on passenger numbers as recession forces millions of passengers to focus on price (Waterman 2009). Additionally, the latest statistics from The European Low Fares Airline Association members show a 15.7% year-on-year growth in the number of passengers for 2008, indicating that the LCC model is robust, even in times of crisis (Latest 2009). Consequently, there is no doubt that Ryanair looks poised for substantial profits and passenger growth in the coming years. However, in order to compete with other LCCs and maintain its continued market share growth in the future, Ryanair needs to improve its poor customer relations.
The sustainability of Ryanair’s cost leadership strategy also depends largely on the price of oil and how effective the firm is in cutting costs in order to continue offering low fares. According to the firm’s latest financial report, ‘Ryanair will enjoy significantly lower oil costs thanks to their recent hedging programme, when most of their competitors are already hedged at much higher prices. These lower prices will drive Ryanair’s traffic growth, maintain high load factors and capture market share from higher cost fuel surcharging competitors’ (3rd Quarter Results 2009). In order to cut costs, Ryanair plans to close all its airport check-in desks by the end of 2009 and have passengers check-in online instead. Other cost saving methods not yet implemented include charging customers for using toilets on airplanes (Lalor 2009). These cost cutting ideas are not very popular among consumers and it means that Ryanair needs to improve its already tarnished brand image in the future which it had attained through negative press reporting and misleading advertisements.
The current strategy at Ryanair is expected to work so well that despite the recession Ryanair’s CEO has underlined the firm’s commitment to expansion. The firm is expected to grow at 20 percent a year because of a 180 aircrafts on order from Boeing. These expansion plans for the future will require the company to increase its landing slots at airports and recruit more employees. Currently Ryanair has limited access to landing slots in major airports and the secondary airports are long distances away from city centres which could make it less attractive in the future. However, a remarkable cut in flights by other European airline carriers due to recession is creating enormous opportunities for Ryanair, as many major airports compete to reduce charges in order to attract Ryanair’s growth (3rd Quarter Results 2009). Availability of skilled personnel shouldn’t be a problem for Ryanair due to recent high unemployment levels. However, Ryanair needs to improve its current low level of empathy for employees if it is to retain them in the future.
Even though Ryanair’s cost leadership strategy is robust and it looks set to serve them well in the future, there are some key areas within the business that can be improved on to enhance the firm’s profitability and brand image.
Ryanair has always been criticised for many aspects of its poor customer relations. According to The Economist, Ryanair’s "cavalier treatment of passengers" had given Ryanair "a deserved reputation for nastiness" and that the airline "has become a byword for appalling customer service… and jeering rudeness towards anyone or anything that gets in its way" (Aviation 2007). If Ryanair is to maintain its large customer base, it needs to ensure that it acknowledges its customers’ concerns and maintains a service focused attitude at all costs. Ryanair needs to invest in servicing customers better by providing a non-premium contact number, improving its non user friendly website, and simplifying the terms and conditions of the flight service. Ryanair should also create a frequent flyer program to establish a fixed customer base and encourage customer loyalty.
Ryanair is notorious for its high staff turnover which negatively affects its reputation as an employer. Over utilization of employees, poor remuneration package, and minimal training are a few other critical items to be considered by Ryanair if it is to retain employees in the future. Ryanair needs to understand that although it is currently possible to replace outgoing employees, but with time Ryanair’s overall image will be tarnished. Resultantly, attracting new employees could become impossible and this will hinder their expansion plans. Ryanair should incorporate a flexible benefits package solely designed to improve employee morale such as flexible working hours and extra holidays. To improve its image amongst employees, training at all employee levels must include exposure to similar techniques and methods that help promote the development of a uniform company identity.
Following huge success in Europe, Ryanair should consider introducing low cost transatlantic flights to support its expansion plans and attain a larger customer base. With a high demand for certain routes like London-New York and room for negotiation in airplane prices and airport slots mainly due to the current financial climate, it is an ideal time to further reap the rewards of the cost leadership strategy that has served Ryanair so well over the years.
Ryanair’s model looks set to survive the current industrial downturn through its lower costs and substantial cash balances. No airline is better placed in Europe than Ryanair to trade through this downturn. It will therefore continue to grow, by lowering fares, taking market share from competitors, and expanding in markets where competitors either withdraw capacity or go bust (Monaghan 2008). By taking the recommended improvements into consideration, it looks like Ryanair’s cost leadership strategy seems ideal for the future.
...(download the rest of the essay above)
If you use part of this page in your own work, you need to provide a citation, as follows:
Essay Sauce, Business model . Available from:<https://www.essaysauce.com/business-essays/business-model/> [Accessed 26-06-24].
These Business essays have been submitted to us by students in order to help you with your studies.
* This essay may have been previously published on Essay.uk.com at an earlier date.
Harvard Business School Online's Business Insights Blog provides the career insights you need to achieve your goals and gain confidence in your business skills.
Today’s competitive landscape heavily relies on innovation. Business leaders must constantly look for new ways to innovate because you can't solve many problems with old solutions.
Innovation is critical across all industries; however, it's important to avoid using it as a buzzword and instead take time to thoroughly understand the innovation process.
Here's an overview of innovation in business, why it's important, and how you can encourage it in the workplace.
Innovation and creativity are often used synonymously. While similar, they're not the same. Using creativity in business is important because it fosters unique ideas . This novelty is a key component of innovation.
For an idea to be innovative, it must also be useful. Creative ideas don't always lead to innovations because they don't necessarily produce viable solutions to problems.
Simply put: Innovation is a product, service, business model, or strategy that's both novel and useful. Innovations don't have to be major breakthroughs in technology or new business models; they can be as simple as upgrades to a company's customer service or features added to an existing product.
Access your free e-book today.
Innovation in business can be grouped into two categories : sustaining and disruptive.
The most successful companies incorporate both types of innovation into their business strategies. While maintaining an existing position in the market is important, pursuing growth is essential to being competitive. It also helps protect a business against other companies affecting its standing.
Learn about the differences between sustaining and disruptive innovation in the video below, and subscribe to our YouTube channel for more explainer content!
Unforeseen challenges are inevitable in business. Innovation can help you stay ahead of the curve and grow your company in the process. Here are three reasons innovation is crucial for your business:
Several tools encourage innovation in the workplace. For example, when a problem’s cause is difficult to pinpoint, you can turn to approaches like creative problem-solving . One of the best approaches to innovation is adopting a design thinking mentality.
Design thinking is a solutions-based, human-centric mindset. It's a practical way to strategize and design using insights from observations and research.
Innovation's requirements for novelty and usefulness call for navigating between concrete and abstract thinking. Introducing structure to innovation can guide this process.
In the online course Design Thinking and Innovation , Harvard Business School Dean Srikant Datar teaches design thinking principles using a four-phase innovation framework : clarify, ideate, develop, and implement.
Innovation requires considering user needs. Design thinking promotes empathy by fostering human-centered design , which addresses explicit pain points and latent needs identified during innovation’s clarification stage.
There are three characteristics of human-centered design:
Consider these characteristics when problem-solving, as each is necessary for successful innovation.
Creativity and idea generation are vital to innovation, but you may encounter situations in which pursuing an idea isn't feasible. Such scenarios represent a conflict between the innovative and operational worlds.
The operational world reflects an organization's routine processes and procedures. Metrics and results are prioritized, and creativity isn't encouraged to the extent required for innovation. Endeavors that disrupt routine—such as risk-taking—are typically discouraged.
The innovative world encourages creativity and experimentation. This side of business allows for open-endedly exploring ideas but tends to neglect the functional side.
Both worlds are necessary for innovation, as creativity must be grounded in reality. You should strive to balance them to produce human-centered solutions. Design thinking strikes this balance by guiding you between the concrete and abstract.
Innovation is easier said than done. It often requires you to collaborate with others, overcome resistance from stakeholders, and invest valuable time and resources into generating solutions. It can also be highly discouraging because many ideas generated during ideation may not go anywhere. But the end result can make the difference between your organization's success or failure.
The good news is that innovation can be learned. If you're interested in more effectively innovating, consider taking an online innovation course. Receiving practical guidance can increase your skills and teach you how to approach problem-solving with a human-centered mentality.
Eager to learn more about innovation? Explore Design Thinking and Innovation ,one of our online entrepreneurship and innovation courses. If you're not sure which course is the right fit, download our free course flowchart to determine which best aligns with your goals.
We found 30 free papers on business model, essay examples, costco wholesale corporation: mission, business model, and strategy.
Business Model
Corporation
In 2008, Costco achieved sales of around $71 billion. These sales were spread across its 544 warehouses located in different states, Puerto Rico, Canada, the United Kingdom, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and Mexico. Among these warehouses, over 50 stores had annual sales exceeding $200 million. Notably, two stores even surpassed $300 million in sales. On average,…
The internet’s ability to supply entree to information has improved existent estate communications and concern ( Aalberts and Townsend. 2002 ) . Business theoretical accounts represent the concern logic of companies. They are executed by company web sites and are of import to the success of companies. E-business theoretical accounts represent the principle of how…
Business Process
Do you like the business model and do you think that Cork’d has a real opportunity that will make them money? Cork’d business model is focused on getting more users to sign in for free. For me this is a weakness for the company because it reduces the sources of revenue. At the same time…
Huckleberry Finn
“The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” gives a ocular expression at the clip in which the writer Samuel Clemens lived. He explains how he felt about his life through the eyes of a immature male child named Huckleberry Finn. Huckleberry Finn has many escapades that teach him life lessons we can larn from today. Although there…
Online Shopping
Founded in 1987 as a small specialist outdoor retailer in Melbourne, Katmandu now operates in Australia, New Zealand and also the UK with a network of about 130 stores and an online shop. The company strives to provide quality, functional, and stylish products with technical attributes. Its products inspire customers to travel, explore the outdoors,…
Information Technology
The global and industry issues companies face, combined with the current turbulent financial and economic environment, are challenging even the best companies to remain focused on their core capabilities, customers and markets. To be successful in an uncertain environment, a company must make the right choices that enable it to develop distinctive capabilities and remain…
Consumers desire the advantages that your new offerings would bring and are willing to pay for them. By reducing the cost of the benefits you plan to provide, you can attract more customers. HP’s restructuring has decreased Dell’s cost advantage from 20% to 10%. Customers have shown appreciation for additional benefits such as instant delivery…
Threat of New Entrants : Industry seems to have very high potential but is at its nascent stage. Lots of scope of growth in the future Many small players might enter to explore the market High capital investment is required as it is still in the nascent stage. Would not be much of a deterrent…
Sustainability
1. What is InterfaceRAISE’s value proposition? InterfaceRAISE’s value proposition is that Interface’s firsthand experience in implementing sustainable strategies, practices and culture will accelerate other companies’ leanings and performance in this area. InterfaceRAISE will be a credible peer-to-peer consultancy in this field due to Interface’s reputation as a successful pioneer in sustainable manufacturing. Interface have a…
Value proposition
Because of the economic lag in developed economic systems and the mature markets more and more companies are encouraged to come in in emerging markets. We can detect an increasing force per unit area for MNE to come in in emerging economic systems by aiming in-between and low Base of the Pyramid. The taking companies…
Don't hesitate to contact us. We are ready to help you 24/7
Hi, my name is Amy 👋
In case you can't find a relevant example, our professional writers are ready to help you write a unique paper. Just talk to our smart assistant Amy and she'll connect you with the best match.
Fashion industry traditional business model, zara business model, disruptive innovation, works cited.
Zara is one of the leading fashion brands that compete with other major fashion retail brands such as H&M, Benetton, etc. It is one of the largest holdings and revenue earners of Inditex. In 1963, Inditex started its operations in La Coruna as garment wholesalers (McAfee, Dessain, & Sjoman, 2007). However, it was not until 1975, when a German customer cancelled a sizable order, that Inditex opened its own retail store and named it Zara (Berfield & Baigorri, 2013).
Initially, the aim of the company was to have a retail outlet for their cancelled shipments but soon they realized the importance of the alliance between retail and manufacturing. This initial experience brought forth the philosophy on which the whole business model of Zara is based on – customer base and manufacturing base should be closely mixed in order to achieve optimal success.
The brand enjoys international presence and is the largest selling brand in Spain. The business model of Zara is different from most of its competitors and its strategic decisions and competitive advantages have been a question of curiosity for academicians. This essay is an exploration of the business model, strategy, and competitive advantages of Zara. Most importantly, the paper strives to answer the question, what is the business model of Zara?
Zara caters to an extensively competitive fashion retail industry where consumer demand and preference fluctuate considerably. The main aim of Zara is to control the tastes and preferences of the customers and change their styles before their taste and preferences change (Hansen, 2012). In order to achieve this, Zara ensures that its stores are up to date in their clothes selection and they have to order at least twice a week to revamp their stock.
The case study on Zara shows that the company has almost no promotion and advertisement cost as opposed to other retail chains like Gap or Benetton who spend heavily on advertising their products and they believe in owning the best retail space (McAfee, Dessain, & Sjoman, 2007). Retail location is an important element of Zara’s business model as it allows the company to reach its target market more easily (McAfee, Dessain, & Sjoman, 2007).
Instead of advertising its products, Zara conducts market research to identify the right locality where they may find the largest pool of their target market in the market segment (Hansen, 2012; McAfee, Dessain, & Sjoman, 2007). This strategy makes opening a store in a new location financially viable.
The business mode followed by Zara is essentially called the disruptive innovation model, which is unlike the traditional business model followed by the traditional retail companies. Therefore, before studying the business mode of Zara, the paper discusses the traditional business model of the fashion industry.
The business mode of the traditional fashion industry is essentially based on designing of clothes and retailing them. However, the time lag that prolongs the designing process and availability of finished products in-store are acute in most of the cases. Fashion brands concentrate more on creating designs for a specific season and making them available in a period of 4 to 5 months. Hence, a fashion brand revamps its design offerings only in 4 months:
The traditional fashion industry calendar introduces two new collections per year. One is the spring/summer collection unveiled in January and February and the other is the fall/winter collection, which unveiled in August and September. The actual design work often takes place a full year before the launch. (Ireland, 2013, para. 4)
The advantages of the traditional model are that it allows considerable time to plan and execute the strategy. It allows companies to book a manufacturing plant in advance at a cheaper cost and help in developing the designs. However, the disadvantages of the traditional model are that the designs have to be perceived in advance and the whole order is locked earlier in advance. Hence, any changes in trend of fashion cannot be incorporated in the fresh seasons’ style.
For instance, after the order has been placed if the company realizes that it has gone ahead with a set of design that are not in fashion then they might have to reduce the prices to clear the stock. Retailers like The Gap have to offer their products at reduced prices as they have a high inventory of products that were not in demand, often face this problem.
Gauging the right trend of the season is also a problem for designers and if they are unable to the products become redundant. Hence, it can be asserted that the traditional business mode of fashion industry often creates supply chain bottlenecks and increases inventory costs (Özlen & Handukic, 2013 ). Further, obsolete style show the fashion brand negatively among the upbeat, fashion conscious customers who easily tire away from older fads.
The main contention of Zara is to sell fashion and not clothes and hence, the company strives to change its product offering as early as possible so that every time a customer enters their store, they are offered something new:
Zara’s strategy requires the generation of a great deal of product variety throughout the year… As part of this fashionably exclusive (yet low cost) image, stores hold very low levels of inventory – typically only a few pieces of each model – and this often means that a store’s entire stock is on display. Because of the low inventory, policy it is not unusual to find empty racks by the end of a day’s trading and therefore stores are completely reliant on regular and rapid replenishment of newly designed products. (Ferdows, Lewis, & Machuca, 2003, p. 63)
The supply chain process of Zara consists of four broad categories – designing and order administration, production, distribution, and retailing. However, the process followed is less generic as it may sound.
Designing is one of the cornerstones of Zara’s success (Ferdows, Lewis, & Machuca, 2003). The process of effective, profitable designing of products that sell within a short time, is possible only if the products are replenished with new designs and fashion to the stores in a short time. The focus of the company is to hire designers who can come up with design ideas in a very short time. Hence, Zara has dedicated teams for designing and product management (Ferdows, Lewis, & Machuca, 2003).
There are focused teams to look into specific areas of their products (Zara’s Secret To Success: The New Science Of Retailing, 2013). For instance, the company has a dedicated team for the women’s sportswear division (Zara’s Secret To Success: The New Science Of Retailing, 2013). The product team is also responsible for collecting trend data on the in-season fashion and fad and accordingly presents it in their product designs. Thus, Zara has a short-term policy of replenishing its fashion line:
Zara is renowned for its ability to deliver new clothes to stores quickly and in small batches. Twice a week, at precise times, store managers order clothes, and twice a week, on schedule, new garments arrive. To achieve this, Zara controls more of it’s manufacturing than do most retailers: About half its clothes are made in Spain or nearby countries. For Zara, its supply chain is its competitive advantage. (Berfield & Baigorri, 2013, para. 2)
The short designing and production cycle provided the strategic competitive advantage for the company to revamp its fashion line very two weeks while the company’s competitors replenishes their line in three or four months.
Zara, unlike its competitors, does not spend on advertising its products. The business model of Zara is solely dependent on logistics and designing. Zara believes in setting up shops in prime locations in large cities where the market segment represents its target customers, thus, making the need to advertise redundant.
The financial model of Zara is also different from its competitors (Ireland, 2013). Usually fashion retailers make payment to the vendors when giving them contract for manufacturing a particular batch of products, thus, restricting their cash. Zara follows similar model for its Asian vendors who supply their steady, basic garments, while the more trendier and short-term designer clothes are delivered by the Spanish, Portuguese, and Turkish vendors. Hence, the level of restricted cash for Zara is much less than its competitors.
The business model of Zara is popularly known as the disruptive business model that allows companies to create a fresh market along with their value network. The model is a self-sustaining mechanism that in future moves ahead to disrupt the market and the new technology simply displaces the older ones.
Usually, the mistake that companies make is to counter competitive forces, upgrade their product offering, and trying to increase their market share. Zara created a niche in the fashion retail market where its competitors were not catering. For instance, Zara catered to the customers that its competitors like H&M, Gap, and Benetton were not supplying. Thus, it whittled a market for itself in the existing market.
The competitive advantages of a company following a disruptive model are selling to customers and just-in-time production. Zara followed these two strategies completely. Direct selling to the customers allows Zara to understand the taste and preference of its customers and the probable changes that it may face and just-in-time production allows the company to replenish its offerings at a very short time, reducing inventory cost considerably (Levine, 2013). Levine therefore points out:
Zara focuses on understanding the items that its customers actually want. This differs from traditional prediction of seasonal trends, and then promoting the line. Inditex does not advertise. Instead, the company invests heavily in the beauty, historical appeal, and location of its shops…The company monitors customer reactions carefully. It notes what they buy and don’t buy. It records their feedback to the staff and is reported to headquarters daily. It is transmitted to a vast team of in-house designers, who quickly develop new designs. (2013, para. 4)
Demand from customers, therefore, is the chief driver for the deliveries to the stores. Usually Zara ships limited pieces to its stores initially, and follows up quickly if the product fetches good response from the customers.
Though most of the fashion retailers rely on vendors from South Asia where labor cost is cheap, Zara relies on making of the trendiest of its fashion attires from costly local vendors as it reduces its response time to just 2 to 3 weeks. This allows great flexibility to the company reducing its inventory cost considerably and enabling faster turnaround (Levine, 2013). Thus, the business model of Zara relies mostly on its logistics and value chain, which helps it to manage and cater to customer preference and demand.
Berfield, S., & Baigorri, M. (2013). Zara’s Fast-Fashion Edge from Bloomberg Businessweek.
Ferdows, K., Lewis, M., & Machuca, J. A. (2003). Zara. Supply Chain Forum , 4 (2), 62-66.
Hansen, S. (2012). How Zara Grew Into the World’s Largest Fashion Retailer from The New York Times.
Ireland, P. (2013). Zara’s Disruptive Growth Strategy from Tycoon Playbook.
Levine, S. R. (2013). How Zara took customer Focus to New Heights from Credit Union Time.
McAfee, A., Dessain, V., & Sjoman, A. (2007). Zara: IT for Fast Fashion. Harvard Busienss Review , 1-23.
Özlen, M. K., & Handukic, I. (2013). Fashion Industry Supply Chain Issues: Zara. European Researcher , 47 (4), 999-1008.
Zara’s Secret To Success: The New Science Of Retailing . (2013) from Forbes.
IvyPanda. (2020, April 3). Zara Company's Business Model. https://ivypanda.com/essays/zara-companys-business-model/
"Zara Company's Business Model." IvyPanda , 3 Apr. 2020, ivypanda.com/essays/zara-companys-business-model/.
IvyPanda . (2020) 'Zara Company's Business Model'. 3 April.
IvyPanda . 2020. "Zara Company's Business Model." April 3, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/zara-companys-business-model/.
1. IvyPanda . "Zara Company's Business Model." April 3, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/zara-companys-business-model/.
Bibliography
IvyPanda . "Zara Company's Business Model." April 3, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/zara-companys-business-model/.
Press Release – The Treasury
The Treasury has published today three new papers covering policy analysis modelling tools, National Accounts categorisation of COVID-19 funding allocation and expenditure, and key themes from the Treasurys Productivity in a Changing World lecture series.
The Treasury has published today three new papers covering policy analysis modelling tools, National Accounts categorisation of COVID-19 funding allocation and expenditure, and key themes from the Treasury’s Productivity in a Changing World lecture series.
Disclaimer: The views, opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in these papers are strictly those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the New Zealand Treasury or the New Zealand Government. The New Zealand Treasury and the New Zealand Government take no responsibility for any errors or omissions in, or for the correctness of, the information contained in papers and articles.
Content Sourced from scoop.co.nz Original url
Kommentare sind geschlossen.
7 chatgpt prompts to improve your writing.
Photo by NICOLAS MAETERLINCK/BELGA MAG/AFP via Getty Images
On writing , author David Sedaris once said, “You need to do the best that you can do, and then you need to take the best that you can do and you need to rewrite it, and rewrite it, and rewrite it.” That’s the dynamic essence of the writing process. Writers refine their drafts, just like they continually refine their craft. I didn’t study writing or literature, so I was intimidated when I began contributing to major publications. But my confidence grew with each byline, and I began to find my voice.
While ChatGPT can be an impressive imitator, it can never generate your unique voice and perspective. It can, however, be a powerful tool for improving your writing, whether you’re penning business articles or important emails. It all starts with the right prompts.
Here are seven that you can use to level up your writing skills.
There are no shortcuts to becoming a better writer. The prolific author Stephen King once said, “If you want to be a writer, you must do two things above all others: read a lot and write a lot.” That said, you can use AI tools to eliminate some of the tedious tasks involved in writing and leave more time for honing your craft. Here are some prompts to delegate your writing “busywork” to ChatGPT.
AI shouldn’t do your writing for you. It lacks the necessary human context and isn’t immune to errors. But it can be a powerful writing partner. As Wharton professor Christian Terwiesch (who challenged ChatGPT to come up with product ideas and compared those ideas to student ideas —ChatGPT won), has said , “Everybody should be using ChatGPT to help them generate ideas.” At worst, you reject all of them. At best, you enrich your pool of ideas.
Sha’carri richardson, cole hocker, and anna hall dominate u.s. track & field olympic trials, the 11 best mattresses of 2024, according to testing.
Here is a prompt you can use to help get the idea wheels turning:
"I'm an [role/title] writing for [outlet description] targeting [target audience]. Can you suggest some fresh and engaging topics that would appeal to this audience?"
If you’d like ideas related to a certain topic or tailored to a specific style (e.g., a “hot take” versus a personal essay), remember: the more context you provide, the more concise the results.
Whether you’re sending an email or publishing an article on a high-traffic website, typos are an embarrassing—and avoidable—faux pas. In today’s world, where internet content exists in perpetuity, anything attached to your name should be error-free. ChatGPT can be a near-instantaneous proofreader. Test out the following prompt:
"Can you proofread this [content] for grammar, punctuation, and style consistency? The intended audience is [audience/recipient]. Please provide a list of any suggested improvements.”
Spelling and grammar are a crucial part of editing, but they’re relatively objective. Perfecting the tone is more subjective and sometimes more challenging—but just as crucial.
The proper tone can ensure that your text is engaging. It can foster trust and understanding with colleagues and business partners. It can persuade your audience to get on board with your viewpoint. Writing that misses the mark on tone, however, can cause misunderstandings, hurt feelings, damage your credibility, and lose your reader’s interest.
With that in mind, here’s a prompt that can help you achieve the right tone in your writing:
"Can you help me rewrite this [content] for [audience], ensuring it maintains a [describe the desired tone]?
Add context to make ChatGPT’s reply more helpful. For example, if your content should show sensitivity to a certain issue or audience, add it to the prompt.
One lesson I’ve learned from contributing to Forbes and other widely-read publications is that my word alone is rarely enough. I can share my personal experiences, but research and data can strengthen any piece of writing.
Instead of researching the traditional way—reviewing your writing and identifying facts that need outside sourcing, then Googling for relevant insight—ChatGPT can speed up the process, leaving you more time to polish those personal anecdotes. Try this prompt:
"I’m writing [describe the content and subject matter] for [target audience] and want to include relevant data and research. Can you review the following text and provide researched-backed statistics and insights on this topic?"
Importantly, always check the sources that ChatGPT generates. It will almost certainly come up with helpful results but they’re not always accurate—that’s where you, human editor, come into play.
To continually improve your writing skills, you can take a page from the habits of professional writers. The following prompts can help you develop practices to become a stronger writer.
I’ve written before about my morning pages . It’s a great way to clear my head before the day begins and to practice fluidly translating my thoughts into words on paper. If a blank page feels intimidating, writing prompts are a great way to get started. ChatGPT can generate writing prompts in an instant. You can keep it general:
“Can you suggest a couple of writing prompts that I can use to practice the craft of writing?”
Or, if you have a goal in mind, add more context. For example:
“I'm trying to improve engagement with my readers. Can you generate a couple of writing prompts to practice writing engaging content?”
If you call your grandmother on the telephone, I’d bet your voice and speaking style sound vastly different from when you’re chatting with your best friend. Writing is the same.
ChatGPT can help you practice toggling between different styles and voices, and in doing so, help you find yours. You can ask ChatGPT for writing prompts to practice a certain style. For example:
“Can you generate three short exercises to help me practice writing in different voices and styles?”
ChatGPT will not only generate exercises, it will also break down the structure and elements of different writing styles and specify the tone.
Or, you can submit text to ChatGPT and ask it to analyze the style and voice. Try this prompt:
“Can you analyze the voice and style of the following text: [insert text].”
I used this prompt to assess the introduction to one of my recent Forbes stories, and ChatGPT said it was “Conversational and Relatable,” “Encouraging and Reassuring,” and “Informative and Practical”—encouraging feedback from my AI editor.
In A Moveable Feast , Ernest Hemingway wrote, “The only kind of writing is rewriting.”
If you want to become a writer, you have to embrace rewriting, whether you’re retyping every word or pouring over (and over) a Google Doc draft. Here are a couple of prompts you can use so that ChatGPT can assist in the rewriting process, one excerpt at a time:
“Rewrite this paragraph in the style of [Ernest Hemingway or any other author]."
“Rewrite this introduction so that it sounds like a story in [publication]”
“Rewrite this email so that it will resonate with [audience].”
“Rewrite this paragraph for clarity and concision.”
Importantly, ChatGPT only does part of the work. It falls to the writer to analyze the results, apply those lessons in future drafts, and, of course, to keep writing.
One Community. Many Voices. Create a free account to share your thoughts.
Our community is about connecting people through open and thoughtful conversations. We want our readers to share their views and exchange ideas and facts in a safe space.
In order to do so, please follow the posting rules in our site's Terms of Service. We've summarized some of those key rules below. Simply put, keep it civil.
Your post will be rejected if we notice that it seems to contain:
User accounts will be blocked if we notice or believe that users are engaged in:
So, how can you be a power user?
Thanks for reading our community guidelines. Please read the full list of posting rules found in our site's Terms of Service.
The Model Business Corporation Act Resource Center provides easy access to the current version of the Model Business Corporation Act (MBCA) and various resource materials related to the MBCA. The MBCA is a Model Act promulgated and periodically amended by the ABA Business Law Section’s Corporate Laws Committee .
As of January 1, 2023
The Committee accomplishes much of its work through task forces that are assigned to review and offer proposed amendments to the MBCA, including the Official Comment on each section. The amendments may include significant revisions of the MBCA, such as the 2016 Revision. Proposed amendments are presented to the Committee at a first reading. After deliberation by the Committee, which may include referring matters back to the task force, the Committee adopts the proposed amendment at the second reading. After the second reading, the Committee publishes the proposed amendment in The Business Lawyer and invites comments. After expiration of the comment period and the Committee’s consideration of comments received, the Committee considers the amendment on a third reading. If adopted by the Committee on the third and final reading, the amendment is adopted and published in The Business Lawyer . Upon adoption, the amendment becomes part of the MBCA.
View all committee reports on MBCA Amendments.
Check out the Corporate Laws Committee page for events and programs.
The new fourth edition of the Model Nonprofit Corporation Act (“MNCA”) , adopted by the Committee on Nonprofit Organizations of the Business Law Section, is based in large measure on the MBCA.
The Fourth Edition includes the new and revised provisions of the 2016 Revision of the MBCA and the changes to the MBCA since the 2016 Revision, with some modifications based on the unique nature of nonprofit corporations.
Since its genesis, the MNCA has tracked the MBCA but diverged where appropriate, e.g ., in the realm of shareholders. The Fourth Edition, too, generally tracks the MBCA, including the numbering system and sequence of provisions and a simplified Official Comment.
Many state nonprofit corporation acts are based on earlier editions of the Model Nonprofit Corporation Act. The Fourth Edition provides an up-to-date model statute that accounts for the various types of nonprofit corporations in existence today.
View all white papers and other materials .
State Liaisons to the Corporate Laws Committee keep the Committee abreast of corporate law developments in their respective states (primarily amendments of corporation laws and other legislation and important judicial decisions relating to corporation laws). The Committee endeavors to keep State Liaisons abreast of amendments of the MBCA and solicits their comments from time to time with respect to proposed amendments and other matters.
Help | Advanced Search
Title: on layer-wise representation similarity: application for multi-exit models with a single classifier.
Abstract: Analyzing the similarity of internal representations within and across different models has been an important technique for understanding the behavior of deep neural networks. Most existing methods for analyzing the similarity between representations of high dimensions, such as those based on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and widely used Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA), rely on statistical properties of the representations for a set of data points. In this paper, we focus on transformer models and study the similarity of representations between the hidden layers of individual transformers. In this context, we show that a simple sample-wise cosine similarity metric is capable of capturing the similarity and aligns with the complicated CKA. Our experimental results on common transformers reveal that representations across layers are positively correlated, albeit the similarity decreases when layers are far apart. We then propose an aligned training approach to enhance the similarity between internal representations, with trained models that enjoy the following properties: (1) the last-layer classifier can be directly applied right after any hidden layers, yielding intermediate layer accuracies much higher than those under standard training, (2) the layer-wise accuracies monotonically increase and reveal the minimal depth needed for the given task, (3) when served as multi-exit models, they achieve on-par performance with standard multi-exit architectures which consist of additional classifiers designed for early exiting in shallow layers. To our knowledge, our work is the first to show that one common classifier is sufficient for multi-exit models. We conduct experiments on both vision and NLP tasks to demonstrate the performance of the proposed aligned training.
Subjects: | Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computation and Language (cs.CL); Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Machine Learning (cs.LG) |
Cite as: | [cs.AI] |
(or [cs.AI] for this version) | |
Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite |
Access paper:.
Code, data and media associated with this article, recommenders and search tools.
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.
Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.
Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs .
This week, Apple executive Craig Federighi uttered 12 words that were music to shareholders' ears.
"We're looking forward to doing integrations with other models, including Google Gemini ," he said during Apple's annual WWDC event.
He was talking about Apple's new partnership with OpenAI , which integrates ChatGPT with the Siri digital assistant on iPhones and other Apple devices.
Getting such special treatment on iPhones is the holy grail in tech. Until Monday, it looked like OpenAI had beaten Google to this treasured position. But Federighi went out of his way to say Google might get the same distribution deal for its new Gemini AI model.
Why would he do this? It's all about money, as usual.
There's an existing iPhone distribution deal that looks familiar to anyone who follows the business of technology closely.
Google pays Apple about $20 billion a year to have its search engine be the default on iPhones and other Apple devices. This is incredibly profitable revenue for Apple, and it ensures that Google Search remains dominant in the Western world.
Every few years, this deal comes up for renewal. And the same question always comes up: Will Google keep paying? Why would it cough up so much?
The answer is always that Apple dangles the chance that it may go with Microsoft Bing as its preferred partner instead. This is so unacceptable to Google that the search giant gets out the check book every time.
Without the threat of Microsoft Bing waiting in the wings, Apple would have a lot less leverage in these negotiations.
The emergence of generative AI has set the stage for another Apple distribution deal that could have similarly epic proportions and implications.
OpenAI won the first round. Its ChatGPT service now gets the chance to answer millions of queries from Apple users.
Normally, this would entail massive payments from OpenAI to Apple. For now, though, it's unclear who is paying who.
Maybe Apple is paying OpenAI. That would be an incredible upending of the power dynamics that have generated 10s of billions of dollars in revenue for Apple (from those similar Search distribution deals with Google).
However, Apple is behind in the generative AI race. It has no powerful AI models of its own. That's one of the reasons why Siri has been so lame for so many years — and why Apple is now turning to ChatGPT for help.
Or, maybe there are no payments passing between Apple and OpenAI at all. That would also be not great in terms of Apple's ability to squeeze billions out of future AI distribution deals.
All is not lost though. If Apple can set up a similar bidding war for AI distribution, it can probably negotiate large payments again.
This is why Federighi's comments about Google Gemini are so important. If Google is still in the running for similar treatment as OpenAI, then Apple may be able to pit these two AI giants against each other in future negotiations.
It's notable that during WWDC on Monday Apple shares fell about 2%. Then later in the day, Federighi got on stage and mentioned potentially distributing Google Gemini in addition to ChatGPT.
Related stories
On Tuesday, Apple shares surged 7% to a record.
Let's not get too excited yet, though.
Does Google even want to have its Gemini model distributed on Apple devices, especially if it has to pay up again?
Mark Gurman, the top Apple journalist, reported earlier this year that Google was in talks with Apple. But then, OpenAI got the deal on Monday.
Did Google walk away from this deal? That would be another astounding turn of events.
"What is the gating factor delaying an announcement between Google and Apple?" Morgan Stanley analysts wrote in a research note this week.
Their first answer: "Unit economics obviously matter."
Google must weigh the cost of paying Apple for AI model distribution against the opportunity to get more Gemini users and hopefully generate revenue from their queries in the future.
The Morgan Stanley analysts also raised another issue that is almost as important.
"Data privacy and access is likely also a key point of negotiation," they wrote.
At WWDC, Apple stressed that user requests and information sent through ChatGPT will not be logged. The Morgan Stanley analysts also think that OpenAI will not be able to train its AI models on this Apple user data.
"Google, which currently has access to data for any queries logged via the web/its mobile app, would likely want this level of access should they be servicing these queries via channels like Siri," the Morgan Stanley analysts wrote.
"Without access to this data, to the extent queries shift to personal assistants over time, Google would be losing access to customer data even if still fulfilling the queries," they added.
So maybe Apple told Google it wouldn't be getting any new user data to train its Gemini models, and that was a deal killer.
There's another possibility, which should worry Apple shareholders.
Maybe Google doesn't need Apple distribution deals anymore.
Google is a long way ahead of Apple in the generative AI race. Google already has access to oodles of data to train Gemini models. And it still has the Android mobile ecosystem, which is the second most valuable digital distribution channel in tech (after iPhones).
Android boss Sameer Samat recently told me that Google is pushing really hard to bring its AI technology to Android phones, including its own Pixel devices.
Pixels haven't sold that well so far. What if they get AI features that are way better than iPhones? Could consumers switch to Android to get these powerful new tools?
That's unlikely, given all the ways Apple keeps users in the iPhone ecosystem. But there's still a chance.
There's even a new word for these AI-powered smartphones of the future. They're called " intelliphones ."
If Google can lure consumers to its AI-powered Pixel phones, or get them to buy Samsung devices with Google AI built in, then maybe Google doesn't need another expensive Apple distribution deal.
"The way in which AI functionality is built directly into the Android operating system is also enabling Google to improve the utility offered on Pixel phones with new use cases that in some ways may end up being superior to what Apple can offer for now," Morgan Stanley analysts wrote.
"This dynamic could lead to more sales of Android phones over Apple...or simply further increase Google's leverage in negotiations with Apple to offer comparable products on the iPhone," the analysts added.
I asked Google, Apple and OpenAI about all this on Tuesday and I didn't get a response.
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Why Business Models Matter. by. Joan Magretta. From the Magazine (May 2002) "Business model" was one of the great buzzwords of the Internet boom, routinely invoked, as the writer Michael Lewis ...
This essay considers what a business model is, locates the pursuit of 'ambivalent value' in the strategy literature, and proposes a new strategic role for the business model - as a means of negotiating for a portion of that 'ambivalent value'. We provide a substantive definition of the 'business model', a collection of decisions
Joan Magretta adds that a business model is basically a story about how the company will operate, including the activities involved in making and selling a product or service. Alex Osterwalder offers a simplified format for thinking about these hypotheses adopted by startups and established businesses alike, called the busi n ess model canvas.
The aim of this paper is to review and synthesise the recent advancements in the business model literature and explore how firms approach business model innovation.,A systematic review of business model innovation literature was carried out by analysing 219 papers published between 2010 and 2016.,Evidence reviewed suggests that rather than ...
Here's a step-by-step guide on how to create a business canvas model. Step 1: Gather your team and the required material Bring a team or a group of people from your company together to collaborate. It is better to bring in a diverse group to cover all aspects.
The Importance of the Business Model The ability of a given business model to scale depends significantly on the maturity of the business model itself—that is, its ability to provide socially ...
Why Business Models Matter Essay. Business models became popular as a result of the internet boom that made many companies to begin relying on web-based models. Companies shifted from the traditional methods that were based on strategy and competence in an attempt to embrace the new trend. The new models came with a promise of substantial ...
Third, a. consistent statement is made as to what a business model is and is not, as well as the conditions. in which a business model is an attractive and m eaningful managerial philosophy ...
The business model itself is an important determinant of the firm's revenues to be made from an idea. A well framed business model can outshadow even a weak innovation but a weakly framed business model will hide off a good innovation. 4. Components. Following are the six major elements in business models:
(DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60918-4_2) This chapter describes the importance of business models. The term "business" usually refers to business organizations or business enterprises that are primarily motivated by profit. However, ethical, social, and ecological considerations can also be part of the functioning of a genuine business enterprise. In fact, business practices can only be ...
As Jim explains, here are a few of the benefits of using a business model canvas to think through product strategies: 1. You can use a business model canvas to roadmap quickly. You can use this canvas approach in just a few hours (and as Jim says, you can even do it with sticky-notes). This way, rather than trying to write out every detail ...
The Business Model Canvas Essay. The Business Model Canvas (BMC) can be defined as a tool that is used in the generation of a business model. "The BMC is made up of nine building blocks forming a chart that describes a firms value proposition, infrastructure, customers, finances, resources, channels, revenue streams and cost structure ...
Get a custom Essay on Importance of business models to the process of project management. 808 writers online . Learn More . But, these mindsets have changed since the current organizations have experienced rapid changes in technology and global competition. This problem is heightened by the continued use of the classical business models with ...
The importance of business essay lies in presenting a well-researched and informed analysis. To do this effectively, writers need to conduct extensive research and analysis on the topic at hand. Referring to examples of business essays can help you gain insight into the structure, tone, and content of a well-written essay. Business Essay ...
1. Introduction. In this essay, we call for research on the impact of business model innovation (BMI) beyond its economic impact on the firm. Although there is growing interest in BMI in the strategic management literature (Foss and Saebi, 2017; Teece, 2018), we believe this corpus of research has been overly focused on firms and how they can be profitable.
According to Staehler [Staehler, 2001], a business model consists of three major. components: t he value proposition, the value architecture, and the revenue model. Alt and Zimmerman increase the ...
In summary, a well-designed business model is essential for entrepreneurs as it defines their value proposition, revenue streams, target market, competitive advantage, and growth potential. It ...
Business strategy is an essential component to a firm's business model and is a vital player in aiding the firm drive itself to achieve its mission. Through a clear business strategy a firm can derive its position in the long term and create a competitive advantage in the market for itself. In this essay we explore the business model of ...
The Importance of Innovation. Unforeseen challenges are inevitable in business. Innovation can help you stay ahead of the curve and grow your company in the process. Here are three reasons innovation is crucial for your business: It allows adaptability: The recent COVID-19 pandemic disrupted business on a monumental scale. Routine operations ...
The value of a business plan is important in the startup of an organization. The value of proper business plan in an organization can determine if the organization will withstand over of time or for years to come for that matter. In implementing a proper business plan, proper planning in it self is important and valuable to the process.
Business Model. Corporation. Words: 1690 (7 pages) In 2008, Costco achieved sales of around $71 billion. These sales were spread across its 544 warehouses located in different states, Puerto Rico, Canada, the United Kingdom, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and Mexico. Among these warehouses, over 50 stores had annual sales exceeding $200 million.
3. Business Model Canvas (BMC) Business model canvas (BMC) is provides conceptual strategy implementation and the alignment of strategies to business processes [ CITATION Rec09 \l 17417 ]. It is a description of the value a company offers to one or several segments of customers and of the architecture of the firm and its network of partners to generate profitable and sustainable revenue ...
Zara Company's Business Model Essay. Zara is one of the leading fashion brands that compete with other major fashion retail brands such as H&M, Benetton, etc. It is one of the largest holdings and revenue earners of Inditex. In 1963, Inditex started its operations in La Coruna as garment wholesalers (McAfee, Dessain, & Sjoman, 2007).
The Treasury has published today three new papers covering policy analysis modelling tools, National Accounts categorisation of COVID-19 funding allocation and expenditure, and key themes from the Treasurys Productivity in a Changing World lecture series. The Treasury has published today three new ...
The productivity solution market is booming. Businesses invest a lot of money into squeezing every last drop of output from our time, our bodies and our minds. Productivity-focused planners, time ...
New power is needed by the Western mining industry, which is still functioning on a trailing old power business model. This was highlighted at Tuesday's London Indaba, where a spotlight was ...
If you'd like ideas related to a certain topic or tailored to a specific style (e.g., a "hot take" versus a personal essay), remember: the more context you provide, the more concise the results.
Model Nonprofit Corporation Act. The new fourth edition of the Model Nonprofit Corporation Act ("MNCA"), adopted by the Committee on Nonprofit Organizations of the Business Law Section, is based in large measure on the MBCA.. The Fourth Edition includes the new and revised provisions of the 2016 Revision of the MBCA and the changes to the MBCA since the 2016 Revision, with some ...
Analyzing the similarity of internal representations within and across different models has been an important technique for understanding the behavior of deep neural networks. Most existing methods for analyzing the similarity between representations of high dimensions, such as those based on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and widely used Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA), rely on ...
Google must weigh the cost of paying Apple for AI model distribution against the opportunity to get more Gemini users and hopefully generate revenue from their queries in the future. Data access