role of education in human development essay

The Role of Education in Development

First Online: 30 August 2019

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role of education in human development essay

Tristan McCowan 6

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in Global Higher Education ((PSGHE))

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Understanding the role of education in development is highly complex, on account of the slippery nature of both concepts, and the multifaceted relationship between them. This chapter provides a conceptual exploration of these relationships, laying the groundwork for the rest of the book. First, it assesses the role of education as a driver of development, including aspects of economic growth, basic needs and political participation. Second, it looks at the constitutive perspective, involving education as national status, human right and human development. Finally, it assesses the ‘other face’ of education and its negative impacts, as well as the specificities of higher education in relation to other levels.

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McCowan, T. (2019). The Role of Education in Development. In: Higher Education for and beyond the Sustainable Development Goals. Palgrave Studies in Global Higher Education. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19597-7_2

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Why education is the key to development

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Education is a human right. And, like other human rights, it cannot be taken for granted. Across the world, 59 million children and 65 million adolescents are out of school . More than 120 million children do not complete primary education.

Behind these figures there are children and youth being denied not only a right, but opportunities: a fair chance to get a decent job, to escape poverty, to support their families, and to develop their communities. This year, decision-makers will set the priorities for global development for the next 15 years. They should make sure to place education high on the list.

The deadline for the Millennium Development Goals is fast approaching. We have a responsibility to make sure we fulfill the promise we made at the beginning of the millennium: to ensure that boys and girls everywhere complete a full course of primary schooling.

The challenge is daunting. Many of those who remain out of school are the hardest to reach, as they live in countries that are held back by conflict, disaster, and epidemics. And the last push is unlikely to be accompanied by the double-digit economic growth in some developing economies that makes it easier to expand opportunities.

Nevertheless, we can succeed. Over the last 15 years, governments and their partners have shown that political will and concerted efforts can deliver tremendous results – including halving the number of children and adolescents who are out of school. Moreover, most countries are closing in on gender parity at the primary level. Now is the time to redouble our efforts to finish what we started.

But we must not stop with primary education. In today’s knowledge-driven economies, access to quality education and the chances for development are two sides of the same coin. That is why we must also set targets for secondary education, while improving quality and learning outcomes at all levels. That is what the Sustainable Development Goal on education, which world leaders will adopt this year, aims to do.

Addressing the fact that an estimated 250 million children worldwide are not learning the basic skills they need to enter the labor market is more than a moral obligation. It amounts to an investment in sustainable growth and prosperity. For both countries and individuals, there is a direct and indisputable link between access to quality education and economic and social development.

Likewise, ensuring that girls are not kept at home when they reach puberty, but are allowed to complete education on the same footing as their male counterparts, is not just altruism; it is sound economics. Communities and countries that succeed in achieving gender parity in education will reap substantial benefits relating to health, equality, and job creation.

All countries, regardless of their national wealth, stand to gain from more and better education. According to a recent OECD report , providing every child with access to education and the skills needed to participate fully in society would boost GDP by an average 28% per year in lower-income countries and 16% per year in high-income countries for the next 80 years.

Today’s students need “twenty-first-century skills,” like critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, and digital literacy. Learners of all ages need to become familiar with new technologies and cope with rapidly changing workplaces.

According to the International Labour Organization, an additional 280 million jobs will be needed by 2019. It is vital for policymakers to ensure that the right frameworks and incentives are established so that those jobs can be created and filled. Robust education systems – underpinned by qualified, professionally trained, motivated, and well-supported teachers – will be the cornerstone of this effort.

Governments should work with parent and teacher associations, as well as the private sector and civil-society organizations, to find the best and most constructive ways to improve the quality of education. Innovation has to be harnessed, and new partnerships must be forged.

Of course, this will cost money. According to UNESCO, in order to meet our basic education targets by 2030, we must close an external annual financing gap of about $22 billion. But we have the resources necessary to deliver. What is lacking is the political will to make the needed investments.

This is the challenge that inspired Norway to invite world leaders to Oslo for a Summit on Education for Development , where we can develop strategies for mobilizing political support for increasing financing for education. For the first time in history, we are in the unique position to provide education opportunities for all, if only we pull together. We cannot miss this critical opportunity.

To be sure, the responsibility for providing citizens with a quality education rests, first and foremost, with national governments. Aid cannot replace domestic-resource mobilization. But donor countries also have an important role to play, especially in supporting least-developed countries. We must reverse the recent downward trend in development assistance for education, and leverage our assistance to attract investments from various other sources. For our part, we are in the process of doubling Norway’s financial contribution to education for development in the period 2013-2017.

Together, we need to intensify efforts to bring the poorest and hardest to reach children into the education system. Education is a right for everyone. It is a right for girls, just as it is for boys. It is a right for disabled children, just as it is for everyone else. It is a right for the 37 million out-of-school children and youth in countries affected by crises and conflicts. Education is a right regardless of where you are born and where you grow up. It is time to ensure that the right is upheld.

This article is published in collaboration with Project Syndicate . Publication does not imply endorsement of views by the World Economic Forum.

To keep up with the Agenda subscribe to our weekly newsletter .

Author: Erna Solberg is Prime Minister of Norway. Børge Brende is Norway’s Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Image: Students attend a class at the Oxford International College in Changzhou. REUTERS/Aly Song.

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The World Bank Group is the largest financier of education in the developing world, working in 94 countries and committed to helping them reach SDG4: access to inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for all by 2030.

Education is a human right, a powerful driver of development, and one of the strongest instruments for reducing poverty and improving health, gender equality, peace, and stability. It delivers large, consistent returns in terms of income, and is the most important factor to ensure equity and inclusion.

For individuals, education promotes employment, earnings, health, and poverty reduction. Globally, there is a  9% increase in hourly earnings for every extra year of schooling . For societies, it drives long-term economic growth, spurs innovation, strengthens institutions, and fosters social cohesion. Education is further a powerful catalyst to climate action through widespread behavior change and skilling for green transitions.

Developing countries have made tremendous progress in getting children into the classroom and more children worldwide are now in school. But learning is not guaranteed, as the 2018 World Development Report (WDR) stressed.

Making smart and effective investments in people’s education is critical for developing the human capital that will end extreme poverty. At the core of this strategy is the need to tackle the learning crisis, put an end to Learning Poverty , and help youth acquire the advanced cognitive, socioemotional, technical and digital skills they need to succeed in today’s world.

In low- and middle-income countries, the share of children living in Learning Poverty (that is, the proportion of 10-year-old children that are unable to read and understand a short age-appropriate text) increased from 57% before the pandemic to an estimated 70% in 2022.

However, learning is in crisis. More than 70 million more people were pushed into poverty during the COVID pandemic, a billion children lost a year of school , and three years later the learning losses suffered have not been recouped . If a child cannot read with comprehension by age 10, they are unlikely to become fluent readers. They will fail to thrive later in school and will be unable to power their careers and economies once they leave school.

The effects of the pandemic are expected to be long-lasting. Analysis has already revealed deep losses, with international reading scores declining from 2016 to 2021 by more than a year of schooling. These losses may translate to a 0.68 percentage point in global GDP growth. The staggering effects of school closures reach beyond learning. This generation of children could lose a combined total of US$21 trillion in lifetime earnings in present value or the equivalent of 17% of today’s global GDP – a sharp rise from the 2021 estimate of a US$17 trillion loss.

Action is urgently needed now – business as usual will not suffice to heal the scars of the pandemic and will not accelerate progress enough to meet the ambitions of SDG 4. We are urging governments to implement ambitious and aggressive Learning Acceleration Programs to get children back to school, recover lost learning, and advance progress by building better, more equitable and resilient education systems.

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2024

The World Bank’s global education strategy is centered on ensuring learning happens – for everyone, everywhere. Our vision is to ensure that everyone can achieve her or his full potential with access to a quality education and lifelong learning. To reach this, we are helping countries build foundational skills like literacy, numeracy, and socioemotional skills – the building blocks for all other learning. From early childhood to tertiary education and beyond – we help children and youth acquire the skills they need to thrive in school, the labor market and throughout their lives.

Investing in the world’s most precious resource – people – is paramount to ending poverty on a livable planet. Our experience across more than 100 countries bears out this robust connection between human capital, quality of life, and economic growth: when countries strategically invest in people and the systems designed to protect and build human capital at scale, they unlock the wealth of nations and the potential of everyone.

Building on this, the World Bank supports resilient, equitable, and inclusive education systems that ensure learning happens for everyone. We do this by generating and disseminating evidence, ensuring alignment with policymaking processes, and bridging the gap between research and practice.

The World Bank is the largest source of external financing for education in developing countries, with a portfolio of about $26 billion in 94 countries including IBRD, IDA and Recipient-Executed Trust Funds. IDA operations comprise 62% of the education portfolio.

The investment in FCV settings has increased dramatically and now accounts for 26% of our portfolio.

World Bank projects reach at least 425 million students -one-third of students in low- and middle-income countries.

The World Bank’s Approach to Education

Five interrelated pillars of a well-functioning education system underpin the World Bank’s education policy approach:

Learners are prepared and motivated to learn;
Teachers are prepared, skilled, and motivated to facilitate learning and skills acquisition;
Learning resources (including education technology) are available, relevant, and used to improve teaching and learning;
Schools are safe and inclusive; and
Education Systems are well-managed, with good implementation capacity and adequate financing.

The Bank is already helping governments design and implement cost-effective programs and tools to build these pillars.

Our Principles:

We pursue systemic reform supported by political commitment to learning for all children.
We focus on equity and inclusion through a progressive path toward achieving universal access to quality education, including children and young adults in fragile or conflict affected areas , those in marginalized and rural communities, girls and women , displaced populations, students with disabilities , and other vulnerable groups.
We focus on results and use evidence to keep improving policy by using metrics to guide improvements.
We want to ensure financial commitment commensurate with what is needed to provide basic services to all.
We invest wisely in technology so that education systems embrace and learn to harness technology to support their learning objectives.

Laying the groundwork for the future

Country challenges vary, but there is a menu of options to build forward better, more resilient, and equitable education systems.

Countries are facing an education crisis that requires a two-pronged approach: first, supporting actions to recover lost time through remedial and accelerated learning; and, second, building on these investments for a more equitable, resilient, and effective system.

Recovering from the learning crisis must be a political priority, backed with adequate financing and the resolve to implement needed reforms. Domestic financing for education over the last two years has not kept pace with the need to recover and accelerate learning. Across low- and lower-middle-income countries, the average share of education in government budgets fell during the pandemic , and in 2022 it remained below 2019 levels.

The best chance for a better future is to invest in education and make sure each dollar is put toward improving learning. In a time of fiscal pressure, protecting spending that yields long-run gains – like spending on education – will maximize impact. We still need more and better funding for education. Closing the learning gap will require increasing the level, efficiency, and equity of education spending—spending smarter is an imperative.

Education technology can be a powerful tool to implement these actions by supporting teachers, children, principals, and parents; expanding accessible digital learning platforms, including radio/ TV / Online learning resources; and using data to identify and help at-risk children, personalize learning, and improve service delivery.

Looking ahead

We must seize this opportunity to reimagine education in bold ways. Together, we can build forward better more equitable, effective, and resilient education systems for the world’s children and youth.

Accelerating Improvements

Supporting countries in establishing time-bound learning targets and a focused education investment plan, outlining actions and investments geared to achieve these goals.

Launched in 2020, the Accelerator Program works with a set of countries to channel investments in education and to learn from each other. The program coordinates efforts across partners to ensure that the countries in the program show improvements in foundational skills at scale over the next three to five years. These investment plans build on the collective work of multiple partners, and leverage the latest evidence on what works, and how best to plan for implementation. Countries such as Brazil (the state of Ceará) and Kenya have achieved dramatic reductions in learning poverty over the past decade at scale, providing useful lessons, even as they seek to build on their successes and address remaining and new challenges.

Universalizing Foundational Literacy

Readying children for the future by supporting acquisition of foundational skills – which are the gateway to other skills and subjects.

The Literacy Policy Package (LPP) consists of interventions focused specifically on promoting acquisition of reading proficiency in primary school. These include assuring political and technical commitment to making all children literate; ensuring effective literacy instruction by supporting teachers; providing quality, age-appropriate books; teaching children first in the language they speak and understand best; and fostering children’s oral language abilities and love of books and reading.

Advancing skills through TVET and Tertiary

Ensuring that individuals have access to quality education and training opportunities and supporting links to employment.

Tertiary education and skills systems are a driver of major development agendas, including human capital, climate change, youth and women’s empowerment, and jobs and economic transformation. A comprehensive skill set to succeed in the 21st century labor market consists of foundational and higher order skills, socio-emotional skills, specialized skills, and digital skills. Yet most countries continue to struggle in delivering on the promise of skills development.

The World Bank is supporting countries through efforts that address key challenges including improving access and completion, adaptability, quality, relevance, and efficiency of skills development programs. Our approach is via multiple channels including projects, global goods, as well as the Tertiary Education and Skills Program . Our recent reports including Building Better Formal TVET Systems and STEERing Tertiary Education provide a way forward for how to improve these critical systems.

Addressing Climate Change

Mainstreaming climate education and investing in green skills, research and innovation, and green infrastructure to spur climate action and foster better preparedness and resilience to climate shocks.

Our approach recognizes that education is critical for achieving effective, sustained climate action. At the same time, climate change is adversely impacting education outcomes. Investments in education can play a huge role in building climate resilience and advancing climate mitigation and adaptation. Climate change education gives young people greater awareness of climate risks and more access to tools and solutions for addressing these risks and managing related shocks. Technical and vocational education and training can also accelerate a green economic transformation by fostering green skills and innovation. Greening education infrastructure can help mitigate the impact of heat, pollution, and extreme weather on learning, while helping address climate change.

Examples of this work are projects in Nigeria (life skills training for adolescent girls), Vietnam (fostering relevant scientific research) , and Bangladesh (constructing and retrofitting schools to serve as cyclone shelters).

Strengthening Measurement Systems

Enabling countries to gather and evaluate information on learning and its drivers more efficiently and effectively.

The World Bank supports initiatives to help countries effectively build and strengthen their measurement systems to facilitate evidence-based decision-making. Examples of this work include:

(1) The Global Education Policy Dashboard (GEPD) : This tool offers a strong basis for identifying priorities for investment and policy reforms that are suited to each country context by focusing on the three dimensions of practices, policies, and politics.

Highlights gaps between what the evidence suggests is effective in promoting learning and what is happening in practice in each system; and
Allows governments to track progress as they act to close the gaps.

The GEPD has been implemented in 13 education systems already – Peru, Rwanda, Jordan, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Islamabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sierra Leone, Niger, Gabon, Jordan and Chad – with more expected by the end of 2024.

(2) Learning Assessment Platform (LeAP) : LeAP is a one-stop shop for knowledge, capacity-building tools, support for policy dialogue, and technical staff expertise to support student achievement measurement and national assessments for better learning.

Supporting Successful Teachers

Helping systems develop the right selection, incentives, and support to the professional development of teachers.

Currently, the World Bank Education Global Practice has over 160 active projects supporting over 18 million teachers worldwide, about a third of the teacher population in low- and middle-income countries. In 12 countries alone, these projects cover 16 million teachers, including all primary school teachers in Ethiopia and Turkey, and over 80% in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Vietnam.

A World Bank-developed classroom observation tool, Teach, was designed to capture the quality of teaching in low- and middle-income countries. It is now 3.6 million students.

While Teach helps identify patterns in teacher performance, Coach leverages these insights to support teachers to improve their teaching practice through hands-on in-service teacher professional development (TPD).

Our recent report on Making Teacher Policy Work proposes a practical framework to uncover the black box of effective teacher policy and discusses the factors that enable their scalability and sustainability.

Supporting Education Finance Systems

Strengthening country financing systems to mobilize resources for education and make better use of their investments in education.

Our approach is to bring together multi-sectoral expertise to engage with ministries of education and finance and other stakeholders to develop and implement effective and efficient public financial management systems; build capacity to monitor and evaluate education spending, identify financing bottlenecks, and develop interventions to strengthen financing systems; build the evidence base on global spending patterns and the magnitude and causes of spending inefficiencies; and develop diagnostic tools as public goods to support country efforts.

Working in Fragile, Conflict, and Violent (FCV) Contexts

The massive and growing global challenge of having so many children living in conflict and violent situations requires a response at the same scale and scope. Our education engagement in the Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV) context, which stands at US$5.35 billion, has grown rapidly in recent years, reflecting the ever-increasing importance of the FCV agenda in education. Indeed, these projects now account for more than 25% of the World Bank education portfolio.

Education is crucial to minimizing the effects of fragility and displacement on the welfare of youth and children in the short-term and preventing the emergence of violent conflict in the long-term.

Support to Countries Throughout the Education Cycle

Our support to countries covers the entire learning cycle, to help shape resilient, equitable, and inclusive education systems that ensure learning happens for everyone.

The ongoing Supporting Egypt Education Reform project , 2018-2025, supports transformational reforms of the Egyptian education system, by improving teaching and learning conditions in public schools. The World Bank has invested $500 million in the project focused on increasing access to quality kindergarten, enhancing the capacity of teachers and education leaders, developing a reliable student assessment system, and introducing the use of modern technology for teaching and learning. Specifically, the share of Egyptian 10-year-old students, who could read and comprehend at the global minimum proficiency level, increased to 45 percent in 2021.

In Nigeria , the $75 million Edo Basic Education Sector and Skills Transformation (EdoBESST) project, running from 2020-2024, is focused on improving teaching and learning in basic education. Under the project, which covers 97 percent of schools in the state, there is a strong focus on incorporating digital technologies for teachers. They were equipped with handheld tablets with structured lesson plans for their classes. Their coaches use classroom observation tools to provide individualized feedback. Teacher absence has reduced drastically because of the initiative. Over 16,000 teachers were trained through the project, and the introduction of technology has also benefited students.

Through the $235 million School Sector Development Program in Nepal (2017-2022), the number of children staying in school until Grade 12 nearly tripled, and the number of out-of-school children fell by almost seven percent. During the pandemic, innovative approaches were needed to continue education. Mobile phone penetration is high in the country. More than four in five households in Nepal have mobile phones. The project supported an educational service that made it possible for children with phones to connect to local radio that broadcast learning programs.

From 2017-2023, the $50 million Strengthening of State Universities in Chile project has made strides to improve quality and equity at state universities. The project helped reduce dropout: the third-year dropout rate fell by almost 10 percent from 2018-2022, keeping more students in school.

The World Bank’s first Program-for-Results financing in education was through a $202 million project in Tanzania , that ran from 2013-2021. The project linked funding to results and aimed to improve education quality. It helped build capacity, and enhanced effectiveness and efficiency in the education sector. Through the project, learning outcomes significantly improved alongside an unprecedented expansion of access to education for children in Tanzania. From 2013-2019, an additional 1.8 million students enrolled in primary schools. In 2019, the average reading speed for Grade 2 students rose to 22.3 words per minute, up from 17.3 in 2017. The project laid the foundation for the ongoing $500 million BOOST project , which supports over 12 million children to enroll early, develop strong foundational skills, and complete a quality education.

The $40 million Cambodia Secondary Education Improvement project , which ran from 2017-2022, focused on strengthening school-based management, upgrading teacher qualifications, and building classrooms in Cambodia, to improve learning outcomes, and reduce student dropout at the secondary school level. The project has directly benefited almost 70,000 students in 100 target schools, and approximately 2,000 teachers and 600 school administrators received training.

The World Bank is co-financing the $152.80 million Yemen Restoring Education and Learning Emergency project , running from 2020-2024, which is implemented through UNICEF, WFP, and Save the Children. It is helping to maintain access to basic education for many students, improve learning conditions in schools, and is working to strengthen overall education sector capacity. In the time of crisis, the project is supporting teacher payments and teacher training, school meals, school infrastructure development, and the distribution of learning materials and school supplies. To date, almost 600,000 students have benefited from these interventions.

The $87 million Providing an Education of Quality in Haiti project supported approximately 380 schools in the Southern region of Haiti from 2016-2023. Despite a highly challenging context of political instability and recurrent natural disasters, the project successfully supported access to education for students. The project provided textbooks, fresh meals, and teacher training support to 70,000 students, 3,000 teachers, and 300 school directors. It gave tuition waivers to 35,000 students in 118 non-public schools. The project also repaired 19 national schools damaged by the 2021 earthquake, which gave 5,500 students safe access to their schools again.

In 2013, just 5% of the poorest households in Uzbekistan had children enrolled in preschools. Thanks to the Improving Pre-Primary and General Secondary Education Project , by July 2019, around 100,000 children will have benefitted from the half-day program in 2,420 rural kindergartens, comprising around 49% of all preschool educational institutions, or over 90% of rural kindergartens in the country.

In addition to working closely with governments in our client countries, the World Bank also works at the global, regional, and local levels with a range of technical partners, including foundations, non-profit organizations, bilaterals, and other multilateral organizations. Some examples of our most recent global partnerships include:

UNICEF, UNESCO, FCDO, USAID, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: Coalition for Foundational Learning

The World Bank is working closely with UNICEF, UNESCO, FCDO, USAID, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation as the Coalition for Foundational Learning to advocate and provide technical support to ensure foundational learning. The World Bank works with these partners to promote and endorse the Commitment to Action on Foundational Learning , a global network of countries committed to halving the global share of children unable to read and understand a simple text by age 10 by 2030.

Australian Aid, Bernard van Leer Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Canada, Echida Giving, FCDO, German Cooperation, William & Flora Hewlett Foundation, Conrad Hilton Foundation, LEGO Foundation, Porticus, USAID: Early Learning Partnership

The Early Learning Partnership (ELP) is a multi-donor trust fund, housed at the World Bank. ELP leverages World Bank strengths—a global presence, access to policymakers and strong technical analysis—to improve early learning opportunities and outcomes for young children around the world.

We help World Bank teams and countries get the information they need to make the case to invest in Early Childhood Development (ECD), design effective policies and deliver impactful programs. At the country level, ELP grants provide teams with resources for early seed investments that can generate large financial commitments through World Bank finance and government resources. At the global level, ELP research and special initiatives work to fill knowledge gaps, build capacity and generate public goods.

UNESCO, UNICEF: Learning Data Compact

UNESCO, UNICEF, and the World Bank have joined forces to close the learning data gaps that still exist and that preclude many countries from monitoring the quality of their education systems and assessing if their students are learning. The three organizations have agreed to a Learning Data Compact , a commitment to ensure that all countries, especially low-income countries, have at least one quality measure of learning by 2025, supporting coordinated efforts to strengthen national assessment systems.

UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS): Learning Poverty Indicator

Aimed at measuring and urging attention to foundational literacy as a prerequisite to achieve SDG4, this partnership was launched in 2019 to help countries strengthen their learning assessment systems, better monitor what students are learning in internationally comparable ways and improve the breadth and quality of global data on education.

FCDO, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: EdTech Hub

Supported by the UK government’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), in partnership with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the EdTech Hub is aimed at improving the quality of ed-tech investments. The Hub launched a rapid response Helpdesk service to provide just-in-time advisory support to 70 low- and middle-income countries planning education technology and remote learning initiatives.

MasterCard Foundation

Our Tertiary Education and Skills global program, launched with support from the Mastercard Foundation, aims to prepare youth and adults for the future of work and society by improving access to relevant, quality, equitable reskilling and post-secondary education opportunities. It is designed to reframe, reform, and rebuild tertiary education and skills systems for the digital and green transformation.

Bridging the AI divide: Breaking down barriers to ensure women’s leadership and participation in the Fifth Industrial Revolution

Common challenges and tailored solutions: How policymakers are strengthening early learning systems across the world

Compulsory education boosts learning outcomes and climate action

Areas of focus.

Data & Measurement

Early Childhood Development

Financing Education

Foundational Learning

Fragile, Conflict & Violent Contexts

Girls’ Education

Inclusive Education

Skills Development

Technology (EdTech)

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Tertiary Education and Skills Program
Service Delivery Indicators
Evoke: Transforming education to empower youth
Global Education Policy Dashboard
Global Education Evidence Advisory Panel
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Collapse and Recovery: How the COVID-19 Pandemic Eroded Human Capital and What to Do About It

BROCHURES & FACT SHEETS

Flyer: Education Factsheet - May 2024

Publication: Realizing Education's Promise: A World Bank Retrospective – August 2023

Flyer: Education and Climate Change - November 2022

Brochure: Learning Losses - October 2022

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Global Education Newsletter - April 2024

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Human Capital Project

The Human Capital Project is a global effort to accelerate more and better investments in people for greater equity and economic growth.

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Research that measures the impact of education policies to improve education in low and middle income countries.

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Home — Essay Samples — Education — Importance of Education — The Importance of Education for Personal and Social Development

The Importance of Education for Personal and Social Development

Categories: Importance of Education Personal Growth and Development

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Published: Sep 7, 2023

Words: 712 | Pages: 2 | 4 min read

Introduction, the value of education in personal development, the impact of education on society, educational solutions to social issues.

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The right to education

Education is a basic human right that works to raise men and women out of poverty, level inequalities and ensure sustainable development. But worldwide 244 million children and youth are still out of school for social, economic and cultural reasons. Education is one of the most powerful tools in lifting excluded children and adults out of poverty and is a stepping stone to other fundamental human rights. It is the most sustainable investment. The right to quality education is already firmly rooted in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international legal instruments, the majority of which are the result of the work of UNESCO and the United Nations.

What you need to know about the right to education
Q&A with the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to education

Understanding the right to education

Enforcing the right to education.

Developing norms and standards

in reviewing and developing education legal and policy frameworks

Responding to challenges

The start of a global conversation

Say no to discrimination in education! - #RightToEducation campaign

Monitoring tools.

For any information, please contact: [email protected]

Monitoring SDG 4: access to education

Resources from UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring Report.

Essay on Human Development

Students are often asked to write an essay on Human Development in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Human Development

The concept of human development.

Human development is a process of enlarging people’s freedoms and improving their well-being. It involves increasing the choices and opportunities for all people.

Dimensions of Human Development

There are three main dimensions: health, education, and living standards. Health is measured by life expectancy, education by years of schooling, and living standards by income.

The Importance of Human Development

Human development is crucial. It helps societies to progress, reduces poverty, and promotes equality. It’s a way to help everyone live a productive and fulfilling life.

Challenges in Human Development

Despite its importance, many challenges exist, like inequality, environmental degradation, and political instability. Overcoming these challenges is vital for sustainable human development.

250 Words Essay on Human Development

Introduction.

Human development, a multidimensional concept, is a process of enlarging people’s freedoms and improving their well-being. It encompasses the enhancement of both individual potential and societal growth, focusing on aspects such as education, health, standard of living, and participation in societal activities.

Theoretical Framework

The Human Development Index (HDI), introduced by the United Nations Development Programme, quantifies human development. It emphasizes three fundamental dimensions: knowledge, longevity, and decent standard of living. However, human development is not merely a function of these quantifiable elements; it also involves intangible aspects such as freedom, dignity, and autonomy.

Role of Education

Education plays a central role in human development. It equips individuals with knowledge and skills, empowering them to contribute to societal progress. Education fosters creativity and innovation, driving technological advancements and economic growth.

Health and Living Standards

Health is another crucial component. A healthy population is more productive, contributing to economic growth and societal development. Additionally, a decent standard of living, characterized by access to basic needs and services, is vital for human development.

Societal Participation

Active societal participation promotes inclusivity and equality, essential elements of human development. It enables individuals to contribute to and benefit from societal progress, fostering a sense of belonging and mutual respect.

In conclusion, human development is a comprehensive and nuanced concept. It encompasses not only economic growth but also aspects such as education, health, living standards, and societal participation. It is about creating an environment where individuals can develop their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs and interests.

500 Words Essay on Human Development

Human development is an intricate interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural processes that begin at conception and continue throughout the lifespan. It encompasses the growth and maturation of the human being, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes.

The Biological Perspective

From the biological standpoint, human development begins with genetics. Our genetic makeup, coupled with environmental influences, guides our physical growth and maturation. This includes the development of the brain, motor skills, and health. Understanding the biological aspects of human development allows us to grasp why we are the way we are, and how our physical attributes and health conditions may influence our life experiences.

The Psychological Perspective

The psychological perspective focuses on the development of mental processes, behaviors, and emotions. Cognitive development theory, proposed by Jean Piaget, suggests that individuals pass through different stages of cognitive growth as they mature. This theory underscores the importance of experiences and interactions in shaping our cognitive abilities, personality, and emotional well-being.

The Sociocultural Perspective

The sociocultural perspective emphasizes the impact of social and cultural factors on human development. According to Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, our cognitive development is heavily influenced by our social interactions and cultural context. This perspective highlights the importance of understanding the cultural and social norms, values, and expectations that shape our behaviors and identities.

Interplay of Factors

It is important to recognize that these perspectives do not exist in isolation. They interact in complex ways to shape human development. For instance, our biological makeup may influence our cognitive abilities, which in turn can be shaped by our sociocultural environment. Similarly, our sociocultural context may impact our physical health through factors such as diet, lifestyle, and access to healthcare.

Human Development Index

To measure human development, the United Nations uses the Human Development Index (HDI). The HDI is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable, and having a decent standard of living. It is a standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare.

In conclusion, human development is a multifaceted process influenced by biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. It is a continuous journey that shapes our physical attributes, cognitive abilities, emotional well-being, and social interactions. Understanding these factors and their interplay can provide valuable insights into human behavior and well-being, and guide efforts to promote healthy development and improve quality of life. The HDI, while not perfect, gives us a tool to measure and compare human development across different contexts.

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Human Development & Education: An Exploratory Study of the Crossroads of Economics, Ethics & Politics

DOI: 10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.2.1 Abstract: This paper explores and characterizes the relationships between human development and education using critical literature review to engage the strands of argument for basic social justice and quality of life at the crossroads of economics, ethics and politics. The oversold conventional approach to development as an income line, people as a means and markets as a focus of concern has long lost its shine on account of the rise of the Human Development Paradigm which accords education a fundamental role in equipping people with competencies and capabilities to enlarge their choices and enhance their well-being. Accordingly, education offers a new language of hope and possibility about what people can actually acquire overtime to choose their kind of life they value; brings into its orbit social justice and equity by training people not just as an economic enterprise but as an attribute of power relations in the structure of any society; and meas...

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Elkin Solano

EDUCATION IS OFTEN DISCUSSED in low-level utilitarian terms: how can we produce technically trained people who can hold onto " our " share of the global market? With the rush to profitability, values precious for the future of democracy are in danger of getting lost. The profit motive suggests to most concerned politicians that science and technology are of crucial importance. We should have no objection to good scientific and technical education. But other abilities—abilities crucial both to the health of democracy and to the creation of a decent world culture and a robust type of global citizenship—are at risk of getting lost in the competitive flurry. I shall make my argument by pursuing the contrast between an education for profit-making and an education for a more inclusive type of citizenship. This contrast is related to another, familiar in discussions of global justice and global citizenship, between two conceptions of development: the old narrowly economic conception of development, and the richer more inclusive notion of " human development. " The analysis of education used even by the best practitioners of the human development approach tends to focus on basic marketable skills. It neglects the humanistic abilities of critical thinking and imagining that are so crucial if education is really to promote human development, rather than merely economic growth and individual acquisition. What would an education for human development look like, and how would it differ from an education for economic enrichment? Education for economic enrichment What sort of education does the old model of development suggest? Education for economic enrichment needs basic skills, literacy, and numeracy. It also needs some people to have more advanced skills in computer science and technology, although equal access is not terribly important: a nation can grow very nicely while the rural poor remain illiterate and without basic computer resources.

Handbook for Development Ethics

Alejandra Boni

This chapter has two main objectives; on one hand, reflect on how different theories of development (liberal capitalist, marxist, post-colonial and post-development, liberal egalitarian and radical humanism approaches) have understood education and what brings to this reflection the perspective of development ethics. The second objective is to position ourselves in a particular perspective, the capability approach for human development enriched by elements of other theories of development, and use it to analyze a particular case in South Africa, in the city of Bloemfontein.

Democracy and Education

Tanja R Müller

Contradictions between the right to education and education as a tool to foster human resource development (HRD) and ultimately economic growth have moved to the forefront of debates on education policy and practice, within states and in relation to the international agenda on education and development. This introduction discusses the often paradox choices faced by education policy makers in light of those contradictory dynamics. It is argued that a focus on HRD is not only a legitimate education policy objective at national government level, but it can also have an important role to play in securing children's rights and a self-determined life. At the same time, however, education policy design needs to pay strong attention to local contexts and people's aspirations within that context. Ultimately, the realisation of the right to education is not achieved by policy measures alone but will be the outcome of social and political struggles.

Education and context in Reimagining education: The International Science and Evidence based Education Assessment [Duraiappah, A.K., Atteveldt, N.M. van et al. (eds.)]. New Delhi: UNESCO MGIEP

Antoni Verger

Discussing the relationship between economics and education from a political economy perspective, this chapter focuses on the mediating factors of state structure, legal frameworks and culture, political and religious ideologies, class, ethnicity and gender. This contextual approach to the relationship between economics and education underpins the key argument that investing in human capital is necessary but not sufficient to make education a force for societal progress and human flourishing. The chapter considers the aspects of educational investment and financing that policymakers should incorporate into their decision‒making, and their implications for social equity. The chapter examines two recent trends in educational governance – meritocracy and marketization and privatization.

Alpesh Nakrani

Education, Equity, Economy

Alfonso Oramas

Salim Vally

The relationship between education, the economy and society is the subject of considerable media discussion, policy deliberations, academic writing and public angst. This book not only provides a constructive critique of conventional discourses centered on skills and knowledge development but also posits alternative approaches to understanding the connections between education and the triple scourge of unemployment, inequality and poverty. This book is an antidote to the misconstrued nature of the relationship between education and society reduced to narrow economic ends. Various chapters question the dominant discourse around education in South Africa and elsewhere which assumes that socioeconomic development is contingent on the banal 'productive' or entrepreneurial role of education. It passionately argues instead that the value and purpose of education is much broader-linked to a rich tradition of praxis based on social justice, transformation and democratic citizenship, joy through capturing human imaginations and unleashing its creativity for a more humane and compassionate society. It allows for addressing the entire nexus of issues in which education is one strand in the tapestry of economic, political, class, racial, gendered and ecological policies and practices in the context of social forces that constitute everyday lives.

Clement Tisdell

Much faith has been put in the increased supply of education as a means to promote national economic development and as a way to assist the poor and the disadvantaged. However, the benefits that nations can obtain by increasing the level of education of their workforce depends on the availability of other forms of capital to complement the use of its educated workforce in production. Generally, less developed nations are lacking in complementary capital compared to more developed ones and it is appropriate for less developed countries to spend relatively less on education. The contribution of education to economic growth depends on a nation’s stage of economic development. It is only when a nation becomes relatively developed that education becomes a major contributor to economic growth. It is possible for less developed nations to retard their economic growth by favouring investment in educational capital rather than other forms of capital. Easy access to education is often portrayed as a powerful force for assisting the poor and the disadvantaged. Several reasons are given here as to why it may not be so effective in assisting the poor and in promoting greater income equality even though the aim is a worthy one. Also, an economic argument is presented in favour of special education for the physically and mentally handicapped. This paper is not intended to belittle the contribution of education to economic development nor to devalue the ideal of making basic education available to all. Instead, it is intended as an antidote to inflated claims about the ability of greater investment in education to promote economic growth and about the ability of more widespread access to education to reduce poverty and decrease income inequality.

European Educational Research Journal

João M Paraskeva

Why education matters for economic development

Harry a. patrinos.

Senior Adviser, Education

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Role of Education in Society, Nation Building, and Importance

Education is a essential tool for developing skills like decision-making, mental agility, problem-solving, etc. It also breeds creativity and innovation. Check details on Role of Education here.

Table of Contents

Role of Education

Education is an essential tool for developing skills like decision-making, mental agility, problem-solving, and logical thinking. It also breeds creativity and innovation. In other words, Education is the transmission of knowledge, skills, and character traits. As BR Ambedkar said: “ Education is the manifestation of Perfection already in Man “. He also believed that “Education is that which makes men fearless, teaches unity, makes understand their birth rights and teaches them to struggle and fight for freedom”.

According to Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan , where scientific knowledge ends, the realm of mystery begins. The world of scientific facts and the world of values is different. If education does not build wisdom and humanity in the hearts and minds of men, all its professional, scientific and technological triumphs will be meaningless. Therefore on the Birth date of S Radhakrishnan, we celebrate Teachers Day.

Role of Education in Nation-Building

Education shapes a person, just as people are essential in determining a nation’s standing. Every nation is founded on education since it promotes a particular level of knowledge, morals, and awareness and is crucial to the development of technology. Greater literacy rates lead to quicker GDP growth and lower unemployment rates in a nation.

At present, nations are coping with a number of problems, such as a pandemic, terrorism, global warming, poverty, and gender inequality. Whether they are residential or day schools, they are essential in forming both pupils and the nation. Everyone who has access to a top-notch education can contribute to resolving these issues and enhancing living circumstances all around the nation.

Role of Education in Society

Education has many positive effects on society, from enhancing quality of life to fostering the growth of brilliant people with the potential to transform society. Because it provides possibilities for learning knowledge and skills that are genuinely altering the world, education is crucial to society. Not only is the availability of high-quality education crucial for individual growth but also for the growth of society as a whole. The important contributions of education to the society are as follows:

A more tolerant society
Better quality of life for vulnerable populations
Reducing poverty
Improving the nation’s health
Reducing crime
Improving social life
Developing talents that change the face of humanity
A large number of educated people improves the life of a community

Role of Education in Economic Development

Education is one of the most important aspects of development. It has a significant impact on a country’s economic prosperity. No country can advance its economy in the long run without making significant investments in its human capital. People’s perspectives on themselves and the world around them are widened by education. It improves their quality of life and offers a wide range of social advantages to both individuals and society. It is essential for assuring social and economic advancement.

It promotes entrepreneurship, technical advancements, women’s empowerment, social development, health awareness, and other areas where economic development can be accelerated. It also aids in the development of human capital, productivity, creativity, and poverty reduction. The following are the important contribution of education to India’s economic development.

The creation of Human capital is directly related to human development.
Educated and Skilled labour will help to increase industrial productivity and reduce wastage.
Education, in every sense, is one of the most important aspects of attaining long-term economic growth through human capital investment which will help in Poverty Reduction
Increased women empowerment will lead to the high speed of economic growth.
Social Development from a dark place to a place of optimism.
Increased awareness of Health, and reduced mortality at all levels.

Role of Education in Human Capital Formation

A more educated society can support a higher level of development than an uneducated one. Education leads to increased income and productivity, which together lead to a more fulfilling existence. In addition to assisting with individual progress, it also advances society as a whole. Education may boost value and improve cultural diversity. Here are a few of the contributions education makes to the development of human capital:

Education teaches us to care and be empathetic, not only towards others but also to ourselves.
Education promotes the growth of a country’s economy.
An educated society always stays ahead and is more progressive than a society with low quality of education and educational standards
Education also provides the opportunity to enhance the cultural richness.
Education plays a role not only in the growth of an individual but also in the overall progress of society.

Role of Education in Skill Development

The development of skills includes education as a key component. It gives people the knowledge and abilities they need to excel in both their personal and professional lives. Education is a critical component of skill development since it keeps people abreast of emerging trends and technologies. The significance of education in skill development can be seen in the following ways:

Knowledge Enhancement
Competence Improvement
Increased Employability
Enhances creativity
Encourages independent thinking

Role of Education in Sustainable Development

An important instrument for attaining a more sustainable future is high-quality education. This was emphasized at the UN World Summit in Johannesburg in 2002, where it was said that reforming the nation’s educational programs was essential for achieving sustainable development. Assuring environmental protection and conservation, advancing social fairness, and fostering economic sustainability are all goals of education for sustainable development (ESD), which fosters the development of the knowledge, skills, understanding, values, and behaviours necessary to create a sustainable world.

Environmental education, which aimed to equip individuals with the knowledge, skills, values, attitudes, and behaviours necessary to protect the environment, was a significant influence on the development of the ESD idea. ESD aims to empower individuals to make choices and take action that will enhance our quality of life without endangering the environment.

Role of Education in India

Every human being has a fundamental right to education, which plays a significant role in the growth of a country—India, the second-most populous nation in the world, with a literacy rate of about 74%. Despite the fact that several states in India have poor literacy rates, the country’s overall literacy rate is still increasing.

Given how crucial education is to the growth and development of any nation, Kerala leads all Indian states in terms of its rate of literacy, coming in at 94%, followed by Lakshadweep (91.85%), Mizoram (91.33%), and Goa (88.70%). However, Bihar, with a literacy rate of 61.80%, has the lowest literacy rate, followed by Arunachal Pradesh, with a rating of 65.38%, Rajasthan, with a rate of 66.11%, and Jharkhand, with a rate of 66.41%. These figures on the literacy rate make it very evident that India’s educational system has to be improved.

Any nation’s youth holds the key to its future. Youth will be better able to secure a bright future for both themselves and the nation if greater chances are provided and an effective education and learning system is established. Hence the Role of Teacher becomes essential for promoting quality education in the country.

Importance of Education for India

Earnings rise by about 10% for every extra year of education.
The gap between workers from wealthy and poor backgrounds in working poverty might be reduced by 39% if they obtained the same education.
Without at least 40% of its adult population being read, no country in the world has ever experienced rapid and steady economic growth.
From a mother’s lifestyle before giving birth to their likelihood of contracting ailments in later life, education benefits people’s health throughout their entire lives.
Prenatal vitamins and other helpful pregnancy strategies are more likely to be used by women with at least six years of education, which lowers the risk of maternal or newborn mortality.
Education has been shown to benefit girls and women more than boys. There is no other factor that comes close to the personal and economic empowerment that girls experience from school.

Role of Education UPSC

Education and skill development play a significant role in the broader field of human capital. Data on literacy from the 2011 Census give us a fast overview of the state of schooling today. However, literacy is not the only aspect of education. The RTE Act serves as the foundation of Indian education. However, it is the numerous education policies that have been mapped out since Independence that have contributed to the historical growth of the Indian educational system. These policies appear to have produced a variety of consequences. There is a lot of room for development still.

The Kasturirangan report, or the design of a new education policy, is the most recent development in the field of education. It perfectly encapsulates the urgent need for educational reform. India’s contemporary educational system urgently needs to be updated. The draft New Education Policy (NEP) is the ideal time to reflect on the country’s past history, accomplishments, and concerns while also outlining a cutting-edge educational strategy for India in the twenty-first century.

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Role of Education FAQs

What is the role of education.

Education helps you develop critical skills like decision-making, mental agility, problem-solving, and logical thinking.

What is the role of education in development?

Education becomes a catalyst in a person's personality development. It introduces a person to different perspectives and thus, helps in providing a clear and broad vision to an individual.

What is the role of education in society?

Education develops human personality, thoughts, dealing with others and prepares people for life experiences.

What is the role of education in social change?

Education contributes to social change in several ways. It fosters critical thinking, nurtures democratic values, enhances economic development, promotes social mobility, and facilitates cultural shifts.

What is the role of education in culture change?

Education plays a crucial role in driving cultural change and shaping societies. Education and cultural change are related.

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Essay on Importance of Education for Students

500 words essay on importance of education.

To say Education is important is an understatement. Education is a weapon to improve one’s life. It is probably the most important tool to change one’s life. Education for a child begins at home. It is a lifelong process that ends with death. Education certainly determines the quality of an individual’s life. Education improves one’s knowledge, skills and develops the personality and attitude. Most noteworthy, Education affects the chances of employment for people. A highly educated individual is probably very likely to get a good job. In this essay on importance of education, we will tell you about the value of education in life and society.

Importance of Education in Life

First of all, Education teaches the ability to read and write. Reading and writing is the first step in Education. Most information is done by writing. Hence, the lack of writing skill means missing out on a lot of information. Consequently, Education makes people literate.

Above all, Education is extremely important for employment. It certainly is a great opportunity to make a decent living. This is due to the skills of a high paying job that Education provides. Uneducated people are probably at a huge disadvantage when it comes to jobs. It seems like many poor people improve their lives with the help of Education.

Better Communication is yet another role in Education. Education improves and refines the speech of a person. Furthermore, individuals also improve other means of communication with Education.

Education makes an individual a better user of technology. Education certainly provides the technical skills necessary for using technology . Hence, without Education, it would probably be difficult to handle modern machines.

People become more mature with the help of Education. Sophistication enters the life of educated people. Above all, Education teaches the value of discipline to individuals. Educated people also realize the value of time much more. To educated people, time is equal to money.

Finally, Educations enables individuals to express their views efficiently. Educated individuals can explain their opinions in a clear manner. Hence, educated people are quite likely to convince people to their point of view.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Importance of Education in Society

First of all, Education helps in spreading knowledge in society. This is perhaps the most noteworthy aspect of Education. There is a quick propagation of knowledge in an educated society. Furthermore, there is a transfer of knowledge from generation to another by Education.

Education helps in the development and innovation of technology. Most noteworthy, the more the education, the more technology will spread. Important developments in war equipment, medicine , computers, take place due to Education.

Education is a ray of light in the darkness. It certainly is a hope for a good life. Education is a basic right of every Human on this Planet. To deny this right is evil. Uneducated youth is the worst thing for Humanity. Above all, the governments of all countries must ensure to spread Education.

FAQs on Essay on Importance of Education

Q.1 How Education helps in Employment?

A.1 Education helps in Employment by providing necessary skills. These skills are important for doing a high paying job.

Q.2 Mention one way in Education helps a society?

A.2 Education helps society by spreading knowledge. This certainly is one excellent contribution to Education.

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Role of Education in Human Capital and Economic Development, Essay Example

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Introduction

Human capital holds a very significant place in economic growth of various countries. Economists consider education as a proxy with regard to human capital. Even then there always lays a doubt as to whether school education can be considered as a measure for weighing potential of human capital. This is because it is commonly believed that educational inputs have no role to play in human capital while educational outcomes determine the potential. The capability of an individual to think creatively, solve problems, to recall facts for interpretation in changing situation are factors considered as key elements in determining merit of human capital. Thus human capital that is job specific is set aside and general purpose capital is considered for this study. It is a common belief that education has an effect on development of human capital. This is why quality and quantity of education is considered as the factor contributing to economic growth of the country. This paper tries to analyse the role played by education in growth of human capital as well as economy in Vietnam and South Korea and to analyse the same using Solow growth model.

Education as a good

Education is considered as an economic good and is to be apportioned. It can not be obtained easily. Education is considered as a capital and consumer good by economist. This is because education offers the consumer utility and in case of production it is an input to goods and services. Education as a capital good is used for developing human resource that is an integral part of social and economic transformation. In this case education is considered as human capital where skill development is of great importance in activities of production. In order to understand whether education has an effect on human capital all we can do is to check the change created by education in mental stage of human capital. (Furnham). It can be seen that several countries like Vietnam and South Korea have attained economic growth with the increase of education. Investment in education is the factor that has lead to sustain and rapid economic growth in both these countries.

It was only in 1991 that Vietnam understood importance of education in development. Education was understood as capital investment for development and socio economic development of nation during this period. In 1993 the goal was further concretized and an educational goal was set. This included human resource training as one among the three educational goals. An Educational Development Strategy was adopted for 2001 – 2010 and this clearly defined the importance of development of human resource. According to this “A high quality human resource is one of the primary driving forces to enhance industrialization modernization processes; it is an essential factor for social development, rapid and sustainable economic growth”

Role played by various levels of education in development of human resource or skills are also mentioned by authors (Vu Ngoc Hai et al.). Education as well as training system of Vietnam is relatively developed. National educational system of the country is consistent, complete and diversified for it includes training and education from pre school level to post graduation level. There are several approaches and training forms of education. Network of schools is expanding through out the country. Diversification of educational system was in terms of delivery modes, types, resources and trends in education through out the world. Quality of human resource development has increased considerably with these reforms in education.

Education system

Vietnam now follows an educational system that is similar to most other countries of Asia. There are educational programs out of school like literacy campaigns and social welfare educational activities. Post secondary education is divided to two levels. College level called as certificate and university level as graduation. In these two there is facility for general and special education. Master or doctorate degree programs are also there after completion of bachelor degree. Ministry of Education and Training is the authority under which public education takes place. Education in Vietnam is mostly operated by government and some private institutions have started to operate in university and secondary levels. Vietnam has five multidisciplinary universities (DrTran-Nam).

Achievements

Even though Vietnam is an economically backward country and have understood the role of education in human development very recently, they have made several achievements in this area. Vietnam was at 122 positions in HDI index of human development in 1995 among 174 countries. By the year 2000 they reached the position of 109 among 173 countries. During 2001 Vietnam stood at 109 ranks though it was ranked 130 in PPP GDP per capita ranking. Between 1995 to 2001 Vietnam improved its position from 152 to 130 in PPP GDP ranking. At the same period ranking changed from 125 to 109 in HDI ranking. From this it is evident that performance of Vietnam in education was much lower than in GDP. Thus educational development of Vietnam have not kept in pace with economic developments (World Bank).

Literacy rate

Educational achievement of Vietnam is not that strong in comparison to its neighbors. Adult literacy rate of Vietnam was 20 percent during 1985 and it declined to 6.3 percent in 1995. By 2000 – 01 this reached to 7.3 percent. Adult literacy rate in China is 14.2 percent, Indonesia is 12.7 percent and in Philippines it is 4.9 percent during this period. Enrolment rate to education in Vietnam during 1995 was 55 percent while in China this rate was 60%, Indonesia 62 percent and in Philippines 80% and 61.6 percent at world level. During 1995 – 2001 this rate has increased to 64% in Vietnam. Education attainment rate at higher education as well as secondary level is very low in comparison to other countries in the world (DrTran-Nam).

Level of education

From the above table it is clear that percentage of literacy at all levels of education is low Vietnam. At post secondary level of education growth is only 2 – 3 percentages which are far below lowest growth level. In university level also enrolment rate is not showing any increase during 1980 – 1993 and this remains two percent. Further it is also found that level of gender disparity is highly increasing at university level. It is also seen that children from families of high income enjoy certain benefits and advantages over those from low income families at both secondary as well as university level.

South Korea

In South Korea from 1960 onwards considerable capital accumulation was done during this period along with investment in primary level of education. With this there occurred a gradual shift in value added chain towards commodities that are more sophisticated. During 1970’s government of the country tried to improve the access towards quality of vocational and technical training. Higher education was expanded during 1980’s and more investment was made in indigenous research and development. National Research and Development Program was established for this purpose (Mok and Welch). Capabilities of research and development in industries were continuously expanded and this drew more skilled labour which was the result of higher education system that was existing in the country. Various factors have contributed to rapid economic change in South Korea and the major factor is the harnessing of potential of technology and science with the introduction of high level of education. High education lead to an information structure that contributed a great deal in South Korea’s human labour and thus economic growth (Shipstone and Burt).

Educational system

Education was of great importance to South Koreans from traditional time itself. A national education system was established during 1948 – 1961 by government. This was with the aim to improve human resource by providing high quality education to children. From 1953 onwards primary education was compulsory in South Korea. In 1955 South Korea released national curriculum for first time and this was reformed six times till now. South Korea now has one of these highest levels of literacy in the world. Economic growth of the country is due to highly educated people (Choi).

Students are to attend 40 hours of school in five days a week. Total school days per year are 220 and it is the Ministry of Education and Human Resource that looks after education system in country. As per seventh national curriculum which was introduced in 2000, facilities are provided for students to learn according to their talents, aptitudes and abilities. There is one common course to equip children with basic life skills like traditional three R’s, information technology literacy, foreign language and interpersonal skills (Kim).

Benefits of educational system

South Korea has been expanding or reforming their curriculum according to changes in world. They have made a curriculum to make children capable enough to align to 21 st century’s knowledge based society. Primary education is completely free of cost and at rural areas free education is provided further at middle level as well. Education in Korea aims to build human resource that is really creative, make students self leading, ensuring to local community expanded autonomy, earning for lifelong, open education and expanded autonomy to schools in operation and planning of curriculum (Choi). All these reforms aim to keep the position of South Korea as leader in e-learning.

South Korea incorporated the Public Education enforcement Plan in its seventh curriculum in 2004 with an aim to make South Korea a nation based on information and knowledge. In 2005 on demand curriculum revision system was introduced with an aim to deliver knowledge when ever it became necessary (Choi).

Difference between Vietnam and South Korea

Educational system of Vietnam cannot be claimed to be much developed and well structured. There are several issues with the educational system which hold it back in comparison to educational system of South Korea. South Korea has a very advanced system of education aiming human resource development (Choi). Authority for regulating educations is itself called as Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development. It is evident from this that South Korea provides education with an aim to develop human resource. All educational reforms in South Korea are based on Information and Communication Technology in the field of education. Even in 21 st century Vietnam has not even though t of implementing such a policy. Adult literacy rate in the country is very less in comparison to neighbouring states and enrolment rate to various levels of education is also at lower rate (DrTran-Nam). Education system of Vietnam is not that organised and has several issues. They are:

Lack of resource
Inefficient utilization of resources
Constraints of weakness of teaching staff
Irrelevant and outdated syllabi, teaching and assessment methods
Lack of coordination between production, education and employment
Inappropriate management (World Bank)

At the same time educational system of South Korea is highly centralised and standardised. With the curriculum evaluation system that is in existence quality of education can be easily evaluated. At the same time in Vietnam there is no such effort to revise their curriculum or to update it according to new developments and needs. Though system of education is in accordance with that of other countries in Asia they have not adopted any advanced curriculum. Even they are not having good faculty to provide quality guidance to their children and youth. Education is not oriented for human resource development in Vietnam while human resource development s the main goal of education in South Korea.

Statistical data

In order to understand the role of education in human resource development and thus on economic development it is necessary that some data is analysed. It is a known that better human resource contributes to better economic growth and this will lead to higher total factor productivity (TFP) level and GDP in countries. Education is the only method to develop a human resource that is better and advanced to enhance economic growth.

Human development indicator 1980 – 2011(South Korea)

Human development indicator 1980 – 2011(Vietnam)

From the above two tables it is evident that human development in Vietnam is below world level and far below that of South Korea. South Korea has a very high human development which is far higher than world rate. In Vietnam we can see that there is increase in human development over years. But they are not able to meet world level even now and the difference has also reduced in recent years. During 1990 difference between world level and that of Vietnam was almost 160 points and this difference has reduced to 90 by 2011. South Korea has a high rate which is more than 200 points higher than world level in 2011 and during 1990 this difference was only 148. South Korea has achieved more than medium human resource development while Vietnam is far behind this rate.

GDP growth rate

Source: www.indexmundi.com

With the introduction of better educational policies and reforms Korea and Vietnam has been able to achieve growth rate in its GDP as well. South Korea was able to achieve higher GDP rate than Vietnam and many other countries as shown above. Countries like India and Taiwan where education is of prime importance leads in GDP rate than Indonesia and Vietnam where education system is very weak.

TFP growth in South Korea

From the above tables it is evident that with better education reforms TFP and GDP rate of both Vietnam and South Korea has increased. This is possible only with a good human resource and thus education plays a major role in development of human resource (Psacharopoulos and Woodhall) and thus leads to growth of TFP and GDP in a country.

Solow model

According to Solow growth model, production functions through labour (L), technology (A) and physical capital (K). Natural resources and land are not considered as factors of production in this model.

Y (t) = F (K (t), A (t) L (t))

Model considers AL as effective labour and technology as labour augmenting. Thus output over time is only affected by A, K and L. Thus according to this model those countries with high rates of investment in labour and technology will develop more capital and output from each worker with population growth and capital depreciation rates being low. Model further predicts that those countries having higher population rate is likely to produce outputs more aggregately with all others factors being equal.

Gregory Mankiw, David Romer and Philippe Weil modified this model to include human capital which further enhanced the performance of this model. In this model human capital is input as a capital much similar to physical capital K.

n is the rate of population growth

? is depreciation

L labour force

k is capital per worker

y income per worker

s is rate of savings

k and y will not remain constant as population (k) keeps on growing and same is with technology leading to growth of y. Hence time (t) is given as subscript. As

k = K/L and y = Y/L

K t = A t L t (s/ n + g + ?) 1/1??

Y t = A t L t (s/ n + g + ?) ?/1??

According to Solow model with technology those countries having higher level of technology (A) and those with higher technological growth rate (g) will have more capital and output from each worker in a steady state. Then Y = n+g.

Assuming that each country is I, equation for y will be

y i = A i [s i / n i +g i +? i ] ?/1??

Production function of TFP in labour augmenting technology terms is

Y = BK ? L 1??

= K ? (B 1/1?? L L) 1??

It is evident from various studies that education plays a crucial role in development of human capital and thus to economic development. If education is of high quality capable enough to develop skills among human capital that are in demand in economy it will create significant contributions to economic development and growth. From the application of Solow model it is clear that education plays a major role in human growth and thus economic growth. This is because education leads to development of technology and at the same better equipped and skilled labour. Labour and technology are the most important factors leading to increase in productivity according to Solow model. Hence better education and technology will lead to higher productivity and over all economic growth.

Choi, E. Korean Educational Policies and Current Issues. Korea: Chungbuk National University, 2006.

Bank, World. World Development Report. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000/01.

DrTran-Nam, Binh. “Education Reform and Sustainable Development in Vietnam:A Preliminary Analysis.” Conference on Sustainable Development in Vietnam. University of Maryland, 2003. 1 – 25.

Furnham, A. The shape of self-evaluation: Implicit theories of intelligence and judgments of intellectual ability. Personality and Individual Differences. 2001. 1381-1405.

Kim, S. “Globalisation, Statist Political Economy, and Unsuccessful Education Reform in South Korea.” 1993 – 2003, Education Policy Analysis Archives (2006).

Mok, K and Welch, A. Globalization and Educational Restructuring in the Asia Pacific Region. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2003.

Psacharopoulos, G and M. Woodhall. Education for Development: An Analysis ofInvestment Choice. New York: Oxford University Press. 1997.

Shipstone, K and Burt, S. 25 years on: A replication of Flugel’s (1947) work on popular views of intelligence and related topics. Journal of British Educational Psychology. 1973. 183 – 187.

Vu Ngoc Hai et al. Education of Vietnam: Renovation and Development for Modernization , Education Publishing House, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2007.

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Accessibility in game design: learn proper game development in college, sponsored post.

May 28, 2024

In the rapidly evolving world of video games, the emphasis on inclusive design has never been more significant. As gaming becomes a universal hobby, transcending age, nationality, and physical ability, the industry faces a critical need to accommodate all players. This inclusivity is not just a matter of ethical game development but is also becoming a crucial factor in the commercial success of games. Colleges and universities around the world have recognized this shift and are increasingly incorporating accessibility into their game design curricula. By educating the next generation of game developers on these principles, educational institutions ensure that future games are enjoyable and playable for everyone.

Accessibility in Game Design

Accessibility in game design refers to the intentional planning and development of video games that are playable by people with a wide range of abilities, including those with disabilities. This encompasses considerations for players with visual, auditory, physical, and cognitive impairments. For instance, a game designed with accessibility in mind might include features such as subtitles for the hearing impaired, customizable color settings for those with color vision deficiency, or simplified controls for players with limited mobility.

The importance of integrating accessibility into games cannot be overstated. For many developers, the realization comes through feedback from the gaming community, prompting changes that make games more inclusive. However, for a student pondering how to incorporate such essential features while managing academic and financial pressures, the thought might be daunting. It’s not uncommon to hear students say they need to find services to do my paper for cheap to free up time to focus on developing their skills in accessible game design. This reality underscores the need for accessible educational resources that can teach these principles effectively.

The Role of Educational Institutions

Colleges and universities play a pivotal role in shaping the skills and attitudes of future game developers towards accessibility. By embedding accessibility into the game design curriculum, educational institutions can influence the industry significantly, promoting a standard of inclusivity from the ground up. Programs like the Game Design and Development degrees at institutions such as the University of Southern California and Rochester Institute of Technology now include courses specifically focused on developing accessible games. These courses not only teach the technical skills needed to implement accessibility features but also emphasize the importance of considering diverse player needs during the design process.

Moreover, many colleges are starting to offer workshops, seminars, and guest lectures from industry professionals who specialize in accessibility. These events provide students with up-to-date knowledge of the latest technologies and methods in accessible game design. They also offer a platform for students to network with professionals and receive mentorship, which is invaluable in their development as inclusive game designers.

Technologies and Tools for Accessible Game Design

Emerging technologies and software tools are making it easier than ever for game developers to include accessibility features in their designs. These tools are being taught in college courses, giving students hands-on experience with the resources they will use in their professional careers. For example, the Unity game engine, which is widely used in education and the industry, offers various plugins and built-in features to facilitate the development of accessible games. These features include text-to-speech interfaces, support for assistive devices, and customizable UI elements.

Additionally, new software like the Audio Accessibility Plugin and the Includification guidelines assist developers in creating games that are accessible to players with auditory and physical disabilities. By learning to use these tools in an academic setting, students are better prepared to apply them in real-world scenarios, ultimately leading to a broader acceptance and implementation of accessibility in the gaming industry.

Game Design Programs Examples

Some of the most compelling evidence of the effectiveness of teaching accessibility in game design comes from case studies within the academic community. Several institutions have begun documenting the outcomes of courses where students focus on creating accessible games. For instance, students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) developed a game as part of their coursework that included options for one-handed gameplay, catering to players with limited use of one hand. This project not only showcased their technical abilities but also demonstrated a deep understanding of diverse user needs.

Another example comes from the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD), where a group of students created a game specifically designed for visually impaired players. The game used audio cues and haptic feedback as primary gameplay mechanics, making it fully playable without visual input. These case studies highlight the innovative approaches students are taking to address accessibility spurred by their academic environments.

Challenges in Teaching and Implementing Accessibility

While the integration of accessibility into game design education is advancing, it is not without challenges. One significant hurdle is the lack of standardized curriculum across programs, which can lead to inconsistencies in the quality and depth of training students receive. Additionally, there is a scarcity of trained educators who specialize in accessible game design, which can limit the ability of institutions to offer these courses.

Another challenge is the perception of accessibility as an optional or secondary aspect of game design rather than an integral part. This mindset can reduce the emphasis placed on accessibility in educational settings, leading to less innovation and slower adoption of inclusive practices in the industry. Overcoming these challenges requires ongoing efforts from educational institutions, industry partners, and accessibility advocates to ensure that accessibility is seen as a core component of game design.

The Future of Accessible Game Design in Education

Looking to the future, the trend in education seems to be moving towards a more inclusive approach to game design. This includes the expansion of curriculum offerings and the use of new technologies that make learning about accessibility more interactive and practical. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are being explored as tools for simulating different disabilities, allowing students to experience firsthand the challenges faced by players with various impairments.

Moreover, as awareness of accessibility grows, so does the collaboration between educational institutions and industry leaders. These partnerships are crucial for driving innovation and ensuring that the next generation of game designers is equipped with the knowledge and tools necessary to create games that are truly accessible to all.

Final Thoughts

The journey toward fully accessible games is ongoing, and the role of educational institutions in this process is indispensable. By equipping future game designers with the right tools and knowledge, colleges are paving the way for a more inclusive gaming world. As we continue to advocate for accessibility in game design, it’s essential for educators, students, and industry professionals to collaborate and innovate.

For those interested in exploring more about accessible game design or looking for resources to help with their academic journey, including essay writing services, you might find the following link helpful: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/best-essay-writing-services-10-paper-usa-2024-naum-nersesov-ov96f. Through continuous learning and adaptation, we can ensure that the games of tomorrow are enjoyable for everyone, regardless of their physical capabilities or sensory modalities.

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The Role of Education in My Life Free Essay Example
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The Role of Education in Development
First, it assesses the role of education as a driver of development, including aspects of economic growth, basic needs and political participation. Second, it looks at the constitutive perspective, involving education as national status, human right and human development.
Education is Fundamental to Development and Growth
Earlier this month, I was invited to be a keynote speaker on the theme of "Education for Economic Success" at the Education World Forum, which brought education ministers and leaders from over 75 countries together in London.. Education is fundamental to development and growth. The human mind makes possible all development achievements, from health advances and agricultural innovations to ...
Why education is the key to development
Education is a right for everyone. It is a right for girls, just as it is for boys. It is a right for disabled children, just as it is for everyone else. It is a right for the 37 million out-of-school children and youth in countries affected by crises and conflicts. Education is a right regardless of where you are born and where you grow up.
Education Overview: Development news, research, data
Education is a human right, a powerful driver of development, and one of the strongest instruments for reducing poverty and improving health, gender equality, peace, and stability. It delivers large, consistent returns in terms of income, and is the most important factor to ensure equity and inclusion. For individuals, education promotes ...
PDF The role of education in development: an educationalist's ...
The belief that education is important in development is most visibly symbolised at present by the focus of two Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) on education. It is undergirded theoretically by the continued power of human capital theory and its adaptations to the era of the 'global knowledge economy'. Education (or often
(PDF) The importance of education for humans
To achieve human nature as. intelligent beings, education is needed. Education means an effort to develop the innate. potential both physically and spiritually in humans according to the values t ...
Full article: The impact of development education and education for
Development education, education for sustainable development and global citizenship education. More than a century ago, Durkheim (Citation 1885, 445) declared that the 'aim of public education is not 'a matter of training workers for the factory or accountants for the warehouse but citizens for society'.From a US perspective, Feinberg (Citation 2006, xi) draws attention to the 'shared ...
ROLE OF EDUCATION IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Starting of this paper discusses the role of education in economic development and how education can foster economic growth and social development. It stresses that education form the base of all activities in life and social development. Hence education must be encouraged to foster the economic growth and social development.
The Importance of Education for Personal and Social Development: [Essay
This essay explores the multifaceted importance of education, encompassing its role in enhancing cognitive abilities, promoting critical thinking, and fostering social skills. Additionally, it delves into the transformative impact of education on society, ranging from its contributions to social justice and equality to its role in spurring ...
PDF Unit Role of Education in Social and Human Development: Emerging
Role of Education in Social and Human Development: Emerging Perspectives Contents 11 .I Introduction 11.2 Social and Human Development Indicators 11.3 Education for capacity Building of the Poor and the Marginalized 11.4 Education for Acceleration of Social and Human Development: International and National Initiatives
The right to education
The right to education. Every human being has the right to quality education and lifelong learning opportunities. Education is a basic human right that works to raise men and women out of poverty, level inequalities and ensure sustainable development. But worldwide 244 million children and youth are still out of school for social, economic and ...
The Role of Education in Development
First, it assesses the role of education as a driver of development, including aspects of economic growth, basic needs and political participation. Second, it looks at the constitutive perspective ...
Essay on Human Development
Human development, a multidimensional concept, is a process of enlarging people's freedoms and improving their well-being. It encompasses the enhancement of both individual potential and societal growth, focusing on aspects such as education, health, standard of living, and participation in societal activities.
(PDF) Human Development & Education: An Exploratory Study of the
The human development paradigm defines the ends their role, education and rights went from being a of development and analyzes sensible options for purpose to being what they truly are: valid and effective achieving these ends" [1]. means for the attainment of human development" [21].
Why education matters for economic development
Here are five things you should know about the pivotal role of education in economic development: Education is an investment. The importance of knowledge and learning has been recognized since the beginning of time. Plato wrote: "If a man neglects education, he walks lame to the end of his life.".
The Role of Education in Economic Development: A Theoretical ...
Education raises people's productivity and creativity and promotes entrepreneurship and technological advances. In addition it plays a very crucial role in securing economic and social progress and improving income distribution. Keywords: Human Development, Economic Growth, Poverty, Labour Productivity, Education, Technology, Trade, Health ...
Role of Education in Society, Nation Building and Importance
Role of Education UPSC. Education and skill development play a significant role in the broader field of human capital. Data on literacy from the 2011 Census give us a fast overview of the state of schooling today. However, literacy is not the only aspect of education. The RTE Act serves as the foundation of Indian education.
Essay on Importance of Education in Life and Society (500+ Words)
Education is a weapon to improve one's life. It is probably the most important tool to change one's life. Education for a child begins at home. It is a lifelong process that ends with death. Education certainly determines the quality of an individual's life. Education improves one's knowledge, skills and develops the personality and ...
Role of Education in Human Capital and Economic Development, Essay Example
Essays.io ️ Role of Education in Human Capital and Economic Development, Essay Example from students accepted to Harvard, Stanford, and other elite schools ... Even though Vietnam is an economically backward country and have understood the role of education in human development very recently, they have made several achievements in this area ...
Role of education in human development: A study of South Asian countries
Education is a human right with immense power to transform. On its foundation rests the corner stone of freedom, democracy and sustainable human development (UNICEF Report 1999, 4). Education is the key to building human capital and human capital is vital for building a nation. The East Asian miracles are primarily due to their emphasis on basic
Education As the Most Important Factor of Human Capital Development
most important points are: (1) restoring education that. has lost social function, resulting in the formation of. social a nd human capital; (2) the education system. should be the ba sis for the ...
(PDF) The role of education in development: An educationalist's
This paper offers a critical perspective on some recent work in development economics that emphasizes the role of education in promoting economic growth and reducing poverty. The author argues ...
Importance of Human Development
Education is a critical component of human development, allowing individuals to acquire the knowledge, skills, and values necessary to be successful in their lives. According to T Armstrong (2006), education is "a fundamental human right and a major factor in determining the future of individuals, communities and nations.".
Figures at a glance
How many refugees are there around the world? At least 108.4 million people around the world have been forced to flee their homes. Among them are nearly 35.3 million refugees, around 41 per cent of whom are under the age of 18.. There are also millions of stateless people, who have been denied a nationality and lack access to basic rights such as education, health care, employment and freedom ...
Accessibility in Game Design: Learn Proper Game Development in College
Accessibility in Game Design. Accessibility in game design refers to the intentional planning and development of video games that are playable by people with a wide range of abilities, including ...

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